混合动力汽车控制策略的研究现状及其发展趋势

对混合动力汽车的结构型式进行分类,HEV的动力系统基本可分为串联式、并联式和混联式3种,对并联型和串联型混合动力汽车控制策略研究现状进行分析。混联式混合动力系统结合了串联式和并联式两种结构的优点,使得能量流动的控制和能量消耗的优化具有更大的灵活性和可能性,并对混联式结构的几种控制方案进行了分析。指出混合动力汽车的控制策略不十分完善,需要进一步优化。控制策略不仅仅要实现整车最佳的燃油经济性,而且还要兼顾发动机排放、蓄电池寿命、驾驶性能、各部件可靠性及整车成本等多方面要求,并针对混合动力汽车各部件的特性和汽车的运行工况,使发动机、电动机、蓄电池和传动系统实现最佳匹配,兼顾上述各方面要求的优化控制策略的研究应是今后的研究重点。

PRESENT STUDY SITUATION AND DEVELOPING TREND OF CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE

The constructions of hybrid electric vehicle(HEV) are classified according to the change of charge state of bat- tery pack,and a study on current situation and trend of control strategies for HEV are analysed.The power train system in HEV is basically divided into three types:serial,parallel and combined type.The combined hybrid system integrates the functions of the series and parallel system.It provides more possibility and flexibility to control the power flow and to minimize the energy consumption.Several combined hybrid power train configurations are provided.The research indicates that the current control strategies for HEV are not perfect and need further optimization.The control strategies should realize the optimum match among engine,motor,battery and transmis- sion to the characteristics of each component and vehicle's driving conditions.Many aspects including the fuel economy, emission,the life of battery pack,drivability,the reliability of each component and HEV's manufacture cost should be con- sidered in the control strategies.The PHEV equipped with small motor,small engine and continuously variable transmis- sion is pointed out and is an ideal system construction for get- ting optimal fuel economy,lower emissions,steady drivability, lower manufacture cost and HEV's mass.A study on the con- trol strategies and its optimization that take account of the as- pects mentioned above is a work emphasis in the future.