基于知识粒度的TRIZ在创新设计中的应用

为实现发明问题解决理论(Theory of inventive problem solving,TRIZ)中概念解到特定解的,从认知心理学角度分析产品创新设计问题的解决机理,提出一种多粒度多层次的知识组织模型,将设计知识按照TRIZ原理、功能、行为-流对、科学效应、领域五种属性进行标注,每种属性又包括概念、语义和事实资源三种层次结构,构建多属性多层次的本地知识库,为设计者提供本领域知识。此外通过语义本体推理和语义扩展从专利数据库和网络资源中获取近领域、远领域知识,在创新设计问题解决过程中推送给设计者,有利于激发设计者进行联想类比,支持其从不同粒度分析和解决问题。最后建立基于多粒度知识组织的创新设计问题解决模型和系统框架,并结合III型铁路扣件的概念设计示例说明该模型的应用。

Application of TRIZ in Creative Design Based on Knowledge Granularity

To realize the transformation from general solution to special solution in TRIZ, the problem resolution mechanism in creative design is analyzed from the perspective of cognitive psychology, and then a multi-granularity and multi-level knowledge organization model is put forward. Design knowledge is labeled with five attributes which are TRIZ principle, function, behavior-flow, scientific effect and domain, each attribute consists of three levels that are concept, semantics and fact resource, thus a multi-attribute and multi-level local knowledge base is constructed to offer designers knowledge in some specific domain. Furthermore, through semantic ontology reasoning and semantic extension, inter-domain and far domain knowledge is obtained from patent base and network resources and pushed for designers in the problem-solving process in creative design. It is conducive to inspire designer associate analogy and support them, analyze and solve the problems from different knowledge granularities. Finally a problem-solving model and system framework for creative design based on multi-granularity knowledge organization are established, and then a conceptual design case of III type rail fastener is used to show the practicability of the model.