阵列式扰振力测量平台及其测量策略

为了测量大质量设备的多维扰振力,设计了一种基于传感器阵列式分布的多维扰振测量平台。该平台基于压电传感器采用了冗余式阵列的振动测量策略,解决了大负载及高刚度的测量要求,避免了结构耦合引入的测量精度损失。同时,为了克服阵列式测量引入的冗余测量误差,本文基于广义逆求解法进行测量精度优化,针对不同的被测振源选取不同位置的传感器作为测量单元,并在此基础上采用全回归法的线性解耦算法得到更精确的三维力求解表达式,避免了冗余测量引入系统误差,也降低了不同力学特性的振源对平台测量结果的影响。最后,搭建了该阵列式多维扰振力测量平台的原理样机,通过实验验证了测量平台的可行性。实验结果表明,该系统保证了高承载能力和刚度(样机基频为1174 Hz,承载能力达416 kN),对8~800 Hz频率范围内的三维广义力的动态相对误差小于5%,满足了精度高、载荷大、刚度强等测量要求。

An array vibration force measuring platform and its test strategy

This paper presents a multidimensional disturbance measurement platform based on a sensor ar?ray distribution to measure the multidimensional disturbance forces of heavy equipment.Based on a piezo?electric sensor,the platform adopts the vibration measuring strategy of a redundant array,which meets the measurement requirements of large loads with a high stiffness,and avoids the losses of measurement accu?racy associated with structural coupling.In order to overcome the redundant measurement errors caused by array measurements,the measurement accuracy is optimized based on the generalized inverse method presented in this paper.Sensors in various positions are used as measuring units for the different vibration sources.A linear decoupling algorithm,using a full regression model,is used to obtain a more accurate expression of the three-dimensional force.This method avoids the systematic error introduced by redun?dant measurements and reduces the influence on the measurement results of the platform from vibration sources with different mechanical characteristics.Finally,the prototype system of the arrayed multidimen?sional disturbance force measuring platform was built,and the feasibility of the platform was verified by ex?periments.Experimental results showed that the system can guarantee a high load capacity and stiffness(the fundamental frequency of the prototype system is 1174 Hz,with a load capacity of 416 kN).The dy?namic relative error of the three-dimensional generalized forces,within a frequency range of 8-800 Hz,is less than 5%.The device meets the increased precision measurement requirements for large loads with a high stiffness.