大型地平式望远镜的方位轴系支撑结构

设计了用于2m口径望远镜的方位轴系支撑结构.通过对比大型地平式望远镜方位轴系的典型支撑结构,拟定了由向心球轴承和大接触角推力球轴承集成的一体化轴系支撑方案以及相应的轴承结构参数.依据Hertz接触理论并采用AYSYS有限元软件对60～85°不同原始接触角下的静载荷特性参数进行了理论计算和非线性仿真分析验证,结合加工工艺设计了85°接触角的推力球轴承结构.研制成功了直径为1 500 mm轴承样机,其轴向跳动为0.009 mm,径向跳动为0.006 mm,最大空载启动摩擦力矩为30 N·m,承载能力优于30 t.该项设计为大型望远镜高精度方位轴系的研制提供了可靠的设计依据和技术途径.

Azimuth shafting bearing structure in a large Alt-azimuth telescope

An azimuth shafting bearing structure was designed for a 2 m telescope engineering project.The typical azimuth bearing structures in large Alt-azimuth telescopes were compared,and the shafting bearing scheme for integrating a high-angular contact thrust ball bearing with a radial ball bearing was put forward.The corresponding parameters of the high-angular contact thrust ball bearing were devised.Based on the Hertz contact theory and the Finite Element Method(FEM) software ANSYS,the static performance parameters within the range of 60-85° original contact angle were calculated and validated in nonlinear simulation.The 85° high-angular thrust ball bearing structure was designed with the processing technique.A prototyping bearing with a diameter of 1 500 mm was developed firstly at home and it shows good performance in a axial run-out of 0.009 mm,a radial run-out of 0.006 mm,the maximum starting torque without load of 30 N·m,and the load capacity more than 30 t.The design can offer a reliable guidance and advanced technique paths for developing the high precision azimuth shaftings of large telescope systems.