三维测量工业内窥镜的双目光学系统

针对国内工业内窥镜只限于观察，无法满足工件三维尺寸测量的现状，设计了一种探头外径为6 mm并且可以向任意方向弯曲的三维测量工业内窥镜，并介绍了该内窥镜的双目光学系统及镜体内部结构的设计。首先，基于双目立体成像的原理，提出了一种具有双物镜、单图像传感器的新型双目光学系统。其次，根据光学系统的技术要求，设计了内窥镜的头部结构。考虑到一些工件内部结构比较复杂，分别设计了内窥镜的可弯曲结构以及后部操控机构以方便一些精密工件的检测。最后，通过三维图像处理软件对待测物表面两个特征点进行长度测量试验，得到了两个特征点的间距。实验结果表明：待测物表面两个特征点的长度测量误差在±0.2 mm内。该系统基本实现了工业内窥镜的三维测量功能。

Binocular optical system of industrial endoscope for three-dimensional measurement

As domestic industrial endoscopes are only limited in sample observations and can not measure the three-dimensional shapes of workpieces, this paper designs an industrial endoscope whose probe has an outside diameter of 6 mm and is bendable in any directions. It introduces the endoscopic binocular optical system and the endoscopic internal structure. First, a new type of binocular optical system with a dual objective lens and a single image sensor was proposed based on the binocular stereo imaging principle. Then, the endoscopic head structure was designed according to the technical requirements of optical system. In consideration of the complex internal structures of some workpieces, a bendable structure and a back-end control device of endoscope were respectively designed to facilitate detecting precision parts, and the working principle of two structures were described. Finally, the length of two feature points on the surface of target was measured by the three-dimensional image processing software to obtain the distance between the two points. The experiment shows that the length measurement error of the two feature points is within ± 0.2 mm. It basically realizes the three-dimensional measurement function of the industrial endoscope systems.