Analysis of installation effects by means of computational fluid dynamics—CFD vs experiments?

Installation effects were considered with the help of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The information obtained by numerical simulation was much more extensive than in experimental data investigations. Using standard turbulence models, reasonable agreement with experimental data was achieved. The use of advanced turbulence models improves the agreement drastically but needs far more computer resources. Visualization of calculated flows was performed with the aid of an advanced graphic system. The assessment of the validation procedure was found to be dependent on various aspects which are discussed in detail. The influence of flow disturbances on various ultrasonic flow meters was numerically investigated.