多发性大动脉炎颈动脉病变的彩超特征

目的：研究多发性大动脉炎(TA)颈动脉病变的超声特征。方法：TA患者30例。彩超检查颈总、内、外动脉，观察颈动脉病变分布，测量颈总动脉内膜中层厚度；彩色血流显像(CFI)及脉冲多普勒(PD)分析颈动脉血流变化。结果：30例患者中53支颈总动脉受累，平均内膜中层厚度2．4mm。TA颈动脉病变多累及颈总动脉近端，较少直接累及颈内外动脉，但35支颈内和31支颈外动脉内仍表现为血流异常，出现低搏动性血流。23支(23／60，38％)颈外动脉血流反向，近端颈总动脉均有严重狭窄或闭塞。4支病变颈总动脉出现壁内动脉，提示TA处于活动期。结论：彩超可发现TA颈动脉病变较多特征，对诊断TA有重要作用。

Color Doppler Imaging of Carotid Arterial Lesions in Takayasu's Arteritis

Objective: To investigate the ultrasonographic characteristics of carotid arteries in the patients with Takayasu's arteritis(TA). Methods: Thirty consecutive TA patients were included in this study. The common carotid arteries, internal and external carotid arteries were examined with color Doppler flow imaging. The intimal+medial thickness of involved common carotid arteries was measured and the distribution of lesion in carotid arteries was emphasized. Changes of color flow signals in carotid arteries were recorded by Color flow imaging (CFI) and by pulsed Doppler (PD). Results: Fifty-three common carotid arteries(CCAs) were involved in all 30 patients. The mean intimal+medial thickness of the involved CCAs was 2.4mm. In the patients with TA, the vascular lesions were often located in proximal to middle segment of CCA, relative sparing of the internal carotid artery(ICA) and external common artery(ECA). But abnormal damped waveforms were also detected in 35 ICAs and 31 ECAs. A reversed flow was found in 23 (23/60,38%) ECAs through the carotid bulb into the patent ICA, which indicting proximal CCA severe stenosis or occlusion.The intramural arteries were found in 4 thickened common carotid arteries in the study, which maybe an indicator of active lesion of TA. Conclusion:Color Doppler flow imaging may play an important role in the diagnosis of TA based on the characteristic sonographic findings in carotid arteries.