| 酚醛泡沫的燃烧行为及阻燃研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 唐恺鸿,何晓峰,徐桂秋,于洋,刘啸凤,葛铁军,张爱玲. 酚醛泡沫的燃烧行为及阻燃研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 1951, 73(8): 3483-3500. DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220284 |
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| 作者姓名： | 唐恺鸿 何晓峰 徐桂秋 于洋 刘啸凤 葛铁军 张爱玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院，辽宁 沈阳 110142;2.沈阳工业大学环境与化学工程学院，辽宁 沈阳 110870 |
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| 基金项目： | 辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2017304004);沈阳市重大科技成果转化专项(20-203-5-01);俄联邦教育及科学部项目(11.9505.2017/8.9) |
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| 摘 要： | 酚醛泡沫因兼具优异的保温性能和阻燃性能在工程领域得到广泛应用，但其经高温燃烧后质量残留率很低，炭层疏松、强度低，离开火焰后还易出现阴燃现象。目前有关酚醛泡沫燃烧行为的研究大多集中在如何进一步提高酚醛泡沫塑料的阻燃等级或在改善其脆性的同时不降低固有的阻燃性能，还未见关于酚醛泡沫燃烧全过程行为的综述报道。文章介绍了酚醛泡沫在明火燃烧和阴燃状态的燃烧行为，分析了影响酚醛泡沫燃烧行为的因素，并总结了现有酚醛泡沫阻燃研究的进展。目前酚醛泡沫的燃烧行为及阻燃研究主要集中在泡沫的明火燃烧，对酚醛泡沫阴燃问题的研究重视不足，缺乏针对酚醛泡沫燃烧全过程的行为和机理探究。因此，提出应加大对酚醛泡沫阴燃行为的研究投入，注重对酚醛泡沫燃烧全过程的机理探索与阻燃方案研究，设计并研发出解决酚醛泡沫燃烧全过程问题的有效途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 泡沫 聚合物 燃烧行为 阻燃 热解 极限氧指数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-27 |
Review on combustion behavior and flame retardant research of phenolic foams |
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| Kaihong TANG,Xiaofeng HE,Guiqiu XU,Yang YU,Xiaofeng LIU,Tiejun GE,Ailing ZHANG. Review on combustion behavior and flame retardant research of phenolic foams[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China), 1951, 73(8): 3483-3500. DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220284 |
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| Authors: | Kaihong TANG Xiaofeng HE Guiqiu XU Yang YU Xiaofeng LIU Tiejun GE Ailing ZHANG |
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| Affiliation: | 1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, Liaoning, China;2.School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, Liaoning, China |
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| Abstract: | Phenolic foam has been widely used in engineering field due to its excellent thermal insulation properties and flame retardant properties. However, phenolic foam has low mass residue yield, loose char layer and low strength after high temperature combustion, and tends to smolder after the flame leaves. The current research on the combustion behavior of phenolic foams mostly focuses on how to further improve the flame retardant level or improve the brittleness without reducing the inherent flame retardancy, and there is no review of the whole combustion process behavior of phenolic foam. This review introduces the flame combustion and smoldering of phenolic foam, analyzes the factors that affect the combustion behavior of phenolic foam, and summarizes the progress of phenolic foam flame retardant research. The foam shape of the char layer after flame combustion is basically retained but brittle, and smoldering also generates char layer but has low residual carbon rate. The combustion behavior of unmodified phenolic foam is mainly affected by the molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenol. According to the test data of limiting oxygen index and cone calorimeter, the synergistic flame retardant effect of phosphorus-nitrogen is the best. At present, the research on combustion behavior and flame retardant of phenolic foam mainly focuses on flame combustion. The research on smoldering problem of phenolic foam is insufficient, and the behavior and mechanism of the whole combustion process of phenolic foams are lacking. Therefore, this paper proposes to increase the research investment on the smoldering behavior of phenolic foam, pay attention to the mechanism exploration and flame retardant scheme research of the whole process of phenolic foam combustion, and design and develop an effective way to solve the problem of the whole process of phenolic foam combustion. |
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| Keywords: | foam polymers combustion behavior flame retardancy pyrolysis limiting oxygen index |
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