| 国内外不同产区和类型雪茄烟烟草特有亚硝胺及生物碱含量分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙雨琦,赵园园,周迪,钟秋,王俊,周骏,曾代龙,秦艳青,刘德水,杨兴有,李晶晶,陈勇,史宏志. 国内外不同产区和类型雪茄烟烟草特有亚硝胺及生物碱含量分析[J]. 中国烟草学报, 2020, 26(5): 30-38. DOI: 10.16472/j.chinatobacco.2020.029 |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙雨琦 赵园园 周迪 钟秋 王俊 周骏 曾代龙 秦艳青 刘德水 杨兴有 李晶晶 陈勇 史宏志 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河南农业大学国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地/烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室/烟草农业减害研究中心，郑州市金水区文化路95号 450002 |
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| 基金项目： | 四川省烟草公司“降低雪茄烟叶TSNAs关键技术研究及应用”SCYC201915 |
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| 摘 要： | 为明确国内外不同产区雪茄烟叶生物碱组成和含量、烟草特有亚硝胺（TSNAs）含量水平及相关关系，本试验收集了国内外55个茄芯、茄衣和茄套烟叶样品，并分产区和类型进行分析。结果表明，不同产区雪茄烟样品生物碱含量样本间变异性均较大，烟碱含量为0.66%~10.02%，降烟碱含量为0.04%~0.79%，烟碱转化率为2.07%~28.01%。除国内产区雪茄烟叶生物碱含量相对较高外，其他产区间生物碱含量无显著差异，茄芯烟叶总生物碱含量高于茄衣和茄套。各产区和各类型雪茄烟叶烟碱向降烟碱转化问题均较为突出。不同产区雪茄烟样品总TSNAs含量范围为1.46 μg/g~25.75 μg/g，以NNN含量最高，在0.63 μg/g~20.91 μg/g之间，变异性较大。相关分析表明烟叶烟碱转化率较高是造成目前雪茄茄芯、茄衣、茄套烟叶总TSNAs和NNN含量较高的主要原因，针对烟碱转化性状进行品种改良，对生物碱组成进行优化是实现优质低害中式雪茄烟叶生产的重要途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 雪茄烟 烟草特有亚硝胺 生物碱 烟碱转化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-02-17 |
Analysis on TSNAs and alkaloid contents in different types of cigar tobacco from different regions at home and abroad |
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| Affiliation: | 1.National Tobacco Cultivation & Physiology & Biochemistry Research Center, Tobacco Cultivation Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Harm Reduction Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China2.Deyang Municipal tobacco company, Deyang 618400, Sichuan, China3.Beijing Cigarette Factory of Shanghai Tobacco Group, Beijing 100024, China4.Great wall cigar factory of Sichuan Zhongyan Industry Co., Ltd., Deyang 618400, Sichuan, China5.Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company, Chengdu 600041, China |
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| Abstract: | To clarify the correlation of composition and content of alkaloids and contents of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in cigar tobacco leaves from different regions at home and abroad, 55 tobacco samples of different types (filler, wrapper and binder) and from different regions were collected and analyzed. The results indicated that the variability of alkaloids content in samples of different regions was relatively large, the nicotine content was 0.66%~10.02%, the nornicotine content was 0.04%~0.79%, and the nicotine conversion rate was 2.07%~28.01%. Except for the relative higher alkaloids content in samples from domestic regions, the alkaloids contents of samples from other producing areas showed no significant difference. The total alkaloids content in the filler was higher than that of wrapper and binder. The conversion of nicotine to nornicotine in tobacco samples of different types and from different regions was prominent. The TSNAs contents in cigar samples from different regions ranged from 1.46 μg/g to 25.75 μg/g. Moreover, the NNN content was the highest (0.63 μg/g ~20.91 μg/g) and showed great variability. The TSNAs contents in cigar samples from different regions ranged from 1.46 μg/g to 25.75 μg/g. Moreover, the NNN content was the highest (0.63 μg/g~20.91 μg/g) and showed great variability. Correlation analysis showed that the higher conversion rate of nicotine in cigar leaves was the main reason for the higher contents of total TSNAs and NNN in filler, wrapper and binder. Correlation analysis showed that the higher conversion rate of nicotine in cigar leaves was the main reason for the higher contents of total TSNAs and NNN in filler, wrapper and binder. The varietal improvement of nicotine conversion traits and the optimization of alkaloid composition are important approaches to produce high quality Chinese cigar tobacco with low toxicity. |
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