| 锌浸出渣有价金属回收及全质化利用研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 王振银,高文成,温建康,甘永刚,武彪,尚鹤. 锌浸出渣有价金属回收及全质化利用研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报, 2020, 42(11): 1400-1410. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.03.16.004 |
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| 作者姓名： | 王振银 高文成 温建康 甘永刚 武彪 尚鹤 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.有研科技集团有限公司生物冶金国家工程实验室，北京 100088 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发专项计划资助项目（2018YFC1900403）；云南省科技计划资助项目（2018IB027） |
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| 摘 要： | 锌浸出渣是一种具有较高综合利用价值的固废资源。本文针对锌浸出渣中有价金属的回收以及全质化利用的研究进展进行了归纳总结:锌浸出渣中有价金属的种类多，如锌、铅和银等具有较高的回收价值，其回收工艺主要有火法工艺和湿法工艺。通过对多种典型锌浸出渣回收工艺的优缺点和适用性的详细比较分析，提出了微生物浸出?氯盐浸出联合的方法，该方法可高效浸出锌浸出渣中的锌、铅和银，对不同类型的锌浸出渣具有良好的适用性，展现出了良好的工业应用前景；其次，介绍了锌浸出渣全质化利用的进展，展望了技术发展方向，锌浸出渣全质化利用将朝着制备性能优异、精细化和绿色节能的高端材料方向发展，在实现锌冶炼行业清洁生产的同时努力获得更大的经济效益。
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| 关 键 词： | 锌浸出渣 有价金属回收 微生物法 固废处理 资源化利用 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-03-16 |
Research progress in the recovery of valuable metals from zinc leaching residue and its total material utilization |
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| Affiliation: | 1.National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China2.GRINM Resources and Environment Tech. Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China3.GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China4.General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China5.Zijin Mining Group Co., Ltd., Shanghang 364200, China |
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| Abstract: | China has maintained the world’s highest zinc production for many years, which has generated a tremendous amount of zinc slag, and 60% of which has not been effectively treated. Most of this slag is zinc leaching residue produced by the hydrometallurgical processing of zinc. The accumulation and storage of zinc leaching residue requires large tracts of land and harmful elements like arsenic and cadmium in the residue contaminate the surrounding soil and groundwater. From another perspective, zinc leaching residue represents a solid waste resource with a very high comprehensive utilization value. For example, many valuable metals are present in zinc leaching residue, including zinc, lead, and silver, which have high recovery values. In addition, zinc leaching residue can be fully utilized to produce cement, glass, ceramics, and a range of chemical materials. The comprehensive recovery and total material utilization of zinc leaching residue would help to significantly reduce the burden of its storage. This paper summarized research progress on the recovery of valuable metals from and the total material utilization of zinc leaching residue. Two main methods were used to recover valuable metals from this residue: pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes. Based on a detailed comparative analysis of the advantages, disadvantages, and feasibility of various typical recovery processes, this paper proposed a combined method of bioleaching and chloride leaching for the efficient extraction of zinc, lead, and silver from zinc leaching residue. This combined method has good applicability to different types of zinc leaching residue and good prospects for industrial application. In addition, this paper introduced the progress achieved in the total material utilization of zinc leaching residue and the future development prospects for utilization technologies. The total material utilization of zinc leach residue should be developed to product high-performance, sophisticated, environment-friendly and energy-efficient materials. Greater economic benefit can be gained while realizing clean production in the zinc industry. |
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