| 计算光学成像:何来，何处，何去，何从？ |
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| 引用本文： | 左超,陈钱. 计算光学成像:何来，何处，何去，何从？[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2022, 51(2): 20220110-1-20220110-181. DOI: 10.3788/IRLA20220110 |
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| 作者姓名： | 左超 陈钱 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南京理工大学 电子工程与光电技术学院 智能计算成像实验室（SCILab），江苏 南京 210094 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金;中央高校科研专项资助项目;江苏省基础研究计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 计算光学成像是一种通过联合优化光学系统和信号处理以实现特定成像功能与特性的新兴研究领域。它并不是光学成像和数字图像处理的简单补充，而是前端（物理域）的光学调控与后端（数字域）信息处理的有机结合，通过对照明、成像系统进行光学编码与数学建模，以计算重构的方式获取图像与信息。这种新型的成像方式将有望突破传统光学成像技术对光学系统以及探测器制造工艺、工作条件、功耗成本等因素的限制，使其在功能（相位、光谱、偏振、光场、相干度、折射率、三维形貌、景深延拓，模糊复原，数字重聚焦，改变观测视角）、性能（空间分辨、时间分辨、光谱分辨、信息维度与探测灵敏度）、可靠性、可维护性等方面获得显著提高。现阶段，计算光学成像已发展为一门集几何光学、信息光学、计算光学、现代信号处理等理论于一体的新兴交叉技术研究领域，成为光学成像领域的国际研究重点和热点，代表了先进光学成像技术的未来发展方向。国内外众多高校与科研院所投身其中，使该领域全面进入了“百花齐放，百家争鸣”的繁荣发展局面。作为本期《红外与激光工程》——南京理工大学专刊“计算光学成像技术”专栏的首篇论文，本文概括性地综述了计算光学成像领域的历史沿革、发展现状、并展望其未来发展方向与所依赖的核心赋能技术，以求抛砖引玉。
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| 关 键 词： | 计算成像 计算摄像 光学成像 光学传感 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-01 |
Computational optical imaging:An overview |
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| Zuo Chao,Chen Qian. Computational optical imaging:An overview[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2022, 51(2): 20220110-1-20220110-181. DOI: 10.3788/IRLA20220110 |
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| Authors: | Zuo Chao Chen Qian |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China2.Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China3.Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute (SCIRI) of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China |
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| Abstract: | Computational optical imaging is an emerging research field to realize specific imaging functions and characteristics by jointly optimizing optical systems and signal processing. It is not a simple supplement to optical imaging and digital image processing, but rather an integrally combination of optical modulation at the front end (physical domain) and information processing at the back end (digital domain), where images and information are obtained through optical coding and mathematical modeling of the illumination and imaging system in a computationally reconfigurable manner. This new imaging mechanism is expected to break the limitations of traditional optical imaging technology on the optical system and image detector fabrication, manufacturing, operating conditions, power consumption, and cost, and significantly improve imaging function (phase, spectrum, polarization, light field, coherence, refractive index, 3D morphology, depth of field, blur recovery, digital refocusing, change of view angle), performance (spatial resolution, temporal resolution, spectral resolution, information dimension, sensitivity), reliability, and maintainability. At present, computational optical imaging has been developed into an emerging interdisciplinary research field that integrates geometric optics, information optics, computer vision, digital image processing, modern signal processing, etc., and has become an international research focus and hotspot in the field of optical imaging, representing the future development direction of advanced optical imaging technology. Many universities and research institutes at home and abroad are getting involved, making it a rapidly developing research field where "a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend". As the first article in the column "Computational optical imaging technology" of the special issue "Nanjing University of Science and Technology" for the Journal Infrared and Laser Engineering, this paper provides a general overview of historical evolution and development status of computational optical imaging, and looks forward to its future development direction and the core enabling technologies on which it relies, to throw bricks and attract jade. |
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