Structure–Property Relationships in Aligned Electrospun Barium Titanate Nanofibers |
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| Authors: | Matthew J. Bauer Catherine S. Snyder Christopher C. Bowland Amanda M. Uhl Maeve A. K. Budi Maria Villancio‐Wolter Henry A. Sodano Jennifer S. Andrew |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida;2. Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan |
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| Abstract: | Barium titanate nanofibers were uniaxially aligned by electrospinning onto a rotating copper wire drum and alignment was maintained during calcination of the fibers. Two methods for maintaining alignment during calcination were tested, by either using carbon tape or a peeling off method to remove the aligned fibers from the mandrel followed by calcination. The carbon tape removal method led to the formation of shorter aligned nanowires while the peeling off method resulted in longer nanofibers. Additionally, the effects of calcination temperature and time on crystal structure were also examined. The degree of tetragonality in the barium titanate nanofibers increased at higher calcination temperatures and times. Piezoelectricity was confirmed in the nanofibers calcined using piezoeresponse force microscopy, yielding a d33 value of 15.5 pm/V. Using the methods presented here, large quantities of aligned piezoelectric barium titanate and other ceramic fibers or wires can be produced to fulfill their demand in novel microelectronics. |
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| Keywords: | barium titanate electrospinning sol– gel |
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