Bis[3‐(diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl]diallylammonium chloride: Synthesis and use of its cyclopolymer as an antiscalant |
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| Authors: | Shaikh A. Ali Shamsuddeen A. Haladu Hasan A. Al‐Muallem |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | A new symmetrically substituted cationic monomer bis[3‐(diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl]diallylammonium chloride has been synthesized and cyclopolymerized to give the corresponding cationic polyelectrolyte (+) (CPE) bearing two identical (diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl penedents on the pyrrolidinium repeating units. The hydrolysis of the phosphonate ester in (+) (CPE) gave a pH‐responsive cationic polyacid (+) (CPA) bearing the motifs of a tetrabasic acid. The (+) (CPA) under pH‐induced transformation was converted into a water‐insoluble polyzwitterion acid (±) (PZA) or water‐soluble polyzwitterion/monoanion (± ?) (PZMAN) or polyzwitterion/dianion (± =) (PZDAN) or polyzwitterion/trianion (± ≡) (PZTAN), all having identical degree of polymerization. The interesting solubility and viscosity behaviors of the polymers have been investigated in some detail. The apparent protonation constants of the anionic centers in (± ≡) (PZTAN) and its corresponding monomer (± ≡) (ZTAN) have been determined. Evaluation of antiscaling properties of the PZA using supersaturated solutions of CaSO4 revealed ≈100% scale inhibition efficiency at a meager concentration of 10 ppm for a duration over 71 h at 40°C. The PZA has the potential to be an effective antiscalant in Reverse Osmosis plants. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40615. |
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| Keywords: | polyelectrolytes properties and characterization radical polymerization stimuli‐sensitive polymers synthesis and processing |
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