后栅结构SnO2场致发射显示器件的研制

采用高温气相法生长SnO2纳米线,扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析表明所生长的SnO2纳米线大小均匀,直径约为150 nm,长可达10μm。结合丝网印刷法转移SnO2,制备成阴极阵列。封接阴极板与荧光屏成后栅型场致发射显示(FED)器件,测试其场致发射性能,分析讨论栅极电压和阳极电压对场发射性能的影响。实验表明后栅型SnO2-FED具有良好的栅极调控作用,在1600 V阳极电压和200 V栅极电压下工作实现全屏发光,平均发光亮度为560 cd/m2,具有潜在的应用前景。     

SiO2/聚酰亚胺/SiO2复合薄膜绝缘性能及基于聚酰亚胺复合薄膜的后栅型场致发射性能的研究

使用射频磁控溅射和化学溶液法制备了SiO2/聚酰亚胺(PI)/SiO2绝缘膜。分别使用X射线衍射、扫描电镜对薄膜结构和薄膜表面形貌进行了表征;利用超高阻微电流测试仪测试了SiO2/PI/SiO2复合绝缘膜漏电流和电压击穿特性;采用SiO2/PI/SiO2作为绝缘膜,制作了后栅型场致发射器件,使用场发射测试系统测试了器件的开启电压、发射电流以及发光亮度。结果表明:SiO2/PI/SiO2复合绝缘膜具有高的击穿电压和低的漏电流密度,后栅器件中栅极对阴极表面的电场强度调控作用明显,阳极电压为750V时,栅极开启电压为91 V,阳极电流可达384μA,栅极漏电流仅为59μA,器件最高亮度可达600 cd/m2。     

氧化锡薄膜场致发射研究

利用直流磁控反应溅射法,制备氧化锡薄膜,利用扫描电镜等方法对氧化锡薄膜微观结构进行分析。在低真空下,对不同厚度的氧化锡薄膜进行场致发射测试,结果显示,在氧化锡薄膜厚度为60nm时,场致发射性能最佳,当电流密度为10μA/m2时,开启电压为4.5 V/μm,阴阳两极电场为7 V/μm时,有较佳的场发射密度,同时发光亮度达到2180 cd/m2,结果表明,氧化锡薄膜在场发射平板显示及真空电子器件方面具有较好的应用潜力。     

平栅极氧化锌场致发射电子源的制备及性能研究

采用传统的光刻技术制备平栅极场致发射阴极阵列,利用水热法原位合成ZnO发射源,并组装成平栅极ZnO场致发射电子源;利用光学显微镜、SEM和XRD表征其微观结构,分析ZnO发射源的生长机制,并结合场发射测试系统研究其发射特性。结果表明,ZnO发射源是平均直径为300nm的六方纤锌矿氧化锌纳米棒,且沉积在平栅极场致发射阴极阵列的阴极电极表面。场发射测试表明,平栅极ZnO场致发射电子源的发射特性完全由栅极控制。当阳极电压为2000V,器件的开启电压为150V;当栅极电压为275V时,发射电流可达345μA;在栅极电压为260V时,器件的发射电流波动范围为±5.5%左右,发光亮度高达750cd/m~2,表明该器件具有较好的场发射特性。     

无氧铜基金刚石薄膜场致发射特性研究

采用微波等离子体方法在铜片上沉积了多晶金刚石薄膜,用该薄膜制成的场致发射体的开启电压较低,发射电流密度较高。利用自制的场致发射阵列阴极高真空测试台测试了1～100mA／cm     

后栅型场发射显示器窜压现象的研究

提出后栅型场发射显示器(FED)测试过程中的窜压现象,解释该现象的产生原因。阴极电极侧壁场发射电子轰击栅极导致电压表示数发生变化。针对此问题设计一种具有沟槽状介质层结构的后栅型FED从而避免阴极电极侧壁的电子发射。采用全印刷技术制作场发射显示阵列。实验表明此器件具有良好的发射稳定性及栅压调控特性,有效杜绝窜压现象的发生。阳极电压为600 V,栅极电压在100~250 V范围内对阳极电流有良好的调控作用。     

丝网印刷纳米ZnO薄膜阴极场致发射的研究

鉴于化学气相沉积生长方法成本高且很难制备出大面积均匀的纳米ZnO薄膜,采用成本低的丝网印刷方法制备了大面积纳米ZnO阴极薄膜.测试研究了分散、热烧结、退火处理对ZnO薄膜的场致发射特性的影响,提出了低成本丝网印刷制备大面积ZnO薄膜阴极热烧结和退火处理的工艺,根据样品的形貌、发射特性和均匀稳定发光的阳极可以判断,最高温度843K的热烧结和823K、10min的退火处理适实用于制作大面积纳米ZnO薄膜场致发射阴极.     

无氧铜基金刚石薄膜场致发射特性研究

采用微波等离子体方法在铜片上沉积了多晶金刚石薄膜，用该薄膜制成的场致发射体的开启电压较低，发射电流密度较高。利用自制的场致发射阵列阴极高真空测试台测试了1-100mA/cm^2的发射电流密度特性，对应的电场强度为2.0-3.5MV/m。从拟合F-N公式得到的功函数φ≈0.025eV,所发射电子轰击荧光屏后能产生明亮的光斑。     

常开型后栅极场致发射显示板工作特性的研究

常开型后栅极场致发射显示板是一种新型的场致发射器件.它直接利用阳极使阴极产生场致电子发射,而通过埋在阴极之下的栅极上施加负电压来阻止阴极产生场致电子发射来调制显示所需的图像.为了研究该场致发射显示板的阴极发射特性,本文采用有限元法对场致发射区域内的电场分布进行了模拟计算,用Fowler-Nordheim(F-N)公式计算了阴极表面的发射情况.并研究了阳极电压、阴极电压、阴调距、阴极宽度和阴极厚度等参数的改变对阴极发射特性和栅极调制能力的影响.计算结果显示阴极发射特性和栅极调制能力与上述电参数和结构参数关系密切,从而为优化设计这种显示器件提供了方向.     

MgO纳米线的制备及其电子发射性能的研究

采用碳热还原-氧化法成功制备大小均匀的MgO纳米线,采用场致发射电子显微镜(FESEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)表征其形貌及晶体结构。采用丝网印刷将MgO纳米线转移到阴极电极,并将阴极电极与印刷有荧光粉的阳极电极组装成二级场致发射器件。场致电子发射测试表明MgO纳米线具有较好的电子发射特性:其阈值电场强度仅为3.82V/μm(1mA/cm2),最高电流密度达到2.68mA/cm2(4.01V/μm),发光亮度为1152cd/m2,4h内没有明显的衰减。MgO有望作为冷阴极材料在场致发射器件上得到应用。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from