基于VO2/TiO2/FTO微结构的电压诱导相变存储器特性

相变存储器作为下一代具有竞争力的新型存储器,其基础和核心是相变存储介质.为了制备基于VO2薄膜的非易失性相变存储器,首先采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积法在氟掺杂二氧化锡(FTO)导电玻璃衬底上沉积一层厚度为100 nm的TiO2薄膜,再通过直流磁控溅射法制备VO2薄膜,并在TiOJFTO复合薄膜上形成VO2/TiO2/FTO微结构,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、四探针测试仪和半导体参数测试仪表征分析微结构的结晶和非易失性相变存储特性.结果表明,N2和O2的体积流量比为60∶40时,在TiO2/FTO上可生长出晶向为〈110〉的高质量VO2薄膜,在VO2/TiO2/FTO微结构两侧反复施加不同的脉冲电压,可观测到微结构具有非易失性相变存储特性,在67,68和69℃温度下的相变阈值电压分别为8.5,6.5和5.5V,相比多层膜结构的相变阈值电压降低了约37％.     

调整VO2薄膜相变特性和TCR的制备及辐照方法

采用不同的真空还原时间、真空退火温度和衬底制备出了VO2薄膜,并对制备出的薄膜进行电子辐照.通过测试辐照前后的VO2薄膜相变电学性能及低温半导体相电阻温度系数(TCR),表明不同的制备工艺和不同注量的电子辐照可明显改变VO2薄膜相变过程中电学性能,提高薄膜的电阻温度系数.对影响VO2热致相变薄膜电学性能及电阻温度系数的因素进行了讨论.     

VO2/TiO2复合薄膜的结构和红外光学性质研究

采用溶胶凝胶法在白云母沿（001）方向的解理表面制备VO2/TiO2热致相变复合薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）,X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）,原子力显微镜（AFM）等手段分析了薄膜的微观结构和表面形貌,通过原位傅里叶变换红外光谱（in-situ FTIR）分析复合薄膜在不同温度下的红外透过率,研究其热致相变特性。结果表明,复合薄膜在云母解理面表面呈VO2（011）/TiO2（101）取向生长,表面致密平整。复合薄膜在金属-半导体相变前后表现出优异的光学开关效应,相变过程中的红外光（波长为4 m）透过率变化（Tr）为75.5%;相变过程陡然,透过率变化率（-dTr/dT）达15.7%/℃,滞回温宽减小到8 ℃。     

VOx薄膜的制备、电阻-温度特性及结构研究

VO2是一种热致相变材料.发生相变时,VO2的电阻、红外光透过率、反射率都会发生显著变化.采用直流反应磁控溅射法,通过改变氧氩比(O2:Ar)、工作气压、衬底温度等制备工艺参数,研究了工艺参数对VOx薄膜的结构、电阻-温度性能的影响.结果表明,当氧氩比为1.0:15、工作气压为2.0Pa时,制备的薄膜中VO2的含量较多;衬底温度为250℃时,制备的VOx薄膜的电阻一温度突变性能最佳.     

真空还原制备的VO_2热致相变薄膜光学性质研究

本文对不同衬底制备的VO2 薄膜进行了表面形貌测试 ,对其红外透射光谱和Raman光谱进行了研究 ,并进行 370nm -90 0nm波段的光透射测试以及 90 0nm波长的热滞回线特性测试 ,表明所制备VO2 薄膜具有优良的热致相变光学特性 ,薄膜为纳米结构 ,并且结晶状态不同的薄膜其Raman谱位置有明显改变 ,室温时的红外光谱表现出较好的红外振动特性。讨论了薄膜结晶状态对Raman位移的影响以及VO2 薄膜的红外光谱     

真空还原制备的VO2热致相变薄膜光学性质研究

本文对不同衬底制备的VO2薄膜进行了表面形貌测试,对其红外透射光谱和Raman光谱进行了研究,并进行370mm-900nm波段的光透射测试以及900nm波长的热滞回线性测试,表明所制备VO2薄膜具有优良的热致相变光学特性,薄膜为纳米结构,并且结晶状态不同的薄膜其Raman谱位置有改变,室温时的红外光谱表现出较好的红外振动特性。讨论了薄膜结晶状态对Raman位移的影响以及VO2薄膜的红外光谱。     

无机sol-gel法制备二氧化钒薄膜的研究

采用无机sol-gel法,以分析纯V2O5为原料,在Si衬底、玻璃衬底上空气中加热制备了V2O5薄膜,在不同温度下真空退火,得到了具有择优取向的VO2薄膜。研究了其制备工艺和显微结构。结果表明:在玻璃衬底和硅衬底上薄膜的最佳真空退火工艺均为480℃/2h。所制备的VO2薄膜具有沿<110>晶向生长的择优取向。薄膜表面形貌良好,颗粒尺寸分布均匀。     

纳米VO2多晶材料的低温相变和随机阻抗网络模型

制备了纳米VO2多晶薄膜材料,其相变温度为35℃,实验测量了它的电阻-温度(R-T)曲线和热滞回线,并用随机阻抗网络模型进行了R-T曲线和热滞回线模拟,两者显示出结果一致,表明在低温相变温度35℃下,随机阻抗网络模型适用于纳米VO2多晶薄膜R-T曲线和热滞回线.此外,给出了VO2多晶材料在半导体区和金属区的简化随机阻抗网络模型的电阻公式.     

制备过程中对VO_2薄膜热致相变光电性能的控制

本文利用真空还原V2 O5的方法制备出优质对VO2 薄膜 ;研究了不同真空还原时间VO2 薄膜热致相变过程中光电性能的影响 ;利用XPS、XRD对薄膜的化学状态和结晶状态进行了研究。制备的薄膜高 /低温电阻变化最大达到三个数量级 ,90 0nm处的光学透过率在相变前后改变了 40 %左右 ,热致相变性能优良。讨论了不同的真空还原时间下VO2 薄膜热滞回线的宽度、相变温度点以及高低温光透射性能。最后给出了最佳真空还原时间。     

一步溶液法制备有机-无机杂化钙钛矿薄膜

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿薄膜作为太阳电池的光吸收层,其薄膜的形貌、结构以及结晶程度等因素对电池的光电转换效率起到了决定性的作用,而薄膜的质量主要取决于制备工艺.采用一步溶液法制备了有机-无机杂化钙钛矿(CH3NH3PbI3)薄膜,主要分析了在氟掺杂氧化锡(FTO)导电玻璃、玻璃和多晶硅3种不同衬底上生长CH3NH3PbI3薄膜的形貌和结构的差异.结果表明,在FTO导电玻璃和玻璃衬底上生长的薄膜的晶粒尺寸和晶粒分布均匀,而在硅衬底上生长的薄膜的边缘晶粒尺寸大于中心处的晶粒,并详细分析了造成这种现象的原因.此外,在50℃的低温下对在FTO导电玻璃衬底生长的CH3NH3PbI3薄膜进行了不同时间的退火处理.实验结果表明,随着热处理时间的增加,晶粒尺寸也增加,但是合成的CH3NH3PbI3薄膜部分发生了分解.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks