UEA无缝设计施工技术在地下车库工程中的运用

在某地下车库工程设计施工中利用UEA拦制补偿收缩混凝土，工程实践表明，用UEA膨胀加强带取代后浇缝，可实现超长结构的连续浇筑作业，获得整体防水的效果，而且，施工过程中可达到减少模板周转，加快施工进度的效果。     

高层公寓基础及地下室结构设计几点体会

高层建筑结构，采用墩筏基础设计方法，地下室上部混凝土与地下室混凝土强度不同，应考虑局部受压应力提高或局部调整地下室外墙结构尺寸，以满足强度要求，方便施工。     

“UEA”补偿收缩砼控制大体积结构裂缝的应用原理

本文叙述了用“UEA”配置的补偿收缩砼在大体积结构中，控制裂缝出现的原理。掺“UEA”的补偿收缩砼，由于“UEA”的膨胀作用，可以降低温差收缩，达到控制温差裂缝的目的。     

地下室墙裂缝成因及其防治

高层建筑地下室的渗漏总是施工中的一种通病 ,而地下室外墙是最易发生渗漏的部位 .根据多年的施工经验 ,将地下室渗漏成因及其防治总结如下 .1　裂缝的成因( 1 )墙体外墙混凝土浇筑后 ,由于水化热升温冷却后收缩 ,而墙体受地基混凝土底板外部结构的约束 ,使墙体混凝土内部出现较大拉应力而导致墙体裂缝出现 .( 2 )混凝土内部的毛细孔裂缝 .( 3)外加剂的掺量不够及养护不及时 .( 4)墙体钢筋间距太大 ,不利于限制裂缝产生 .( 5)施工中未采用低水化热水泥 .2　裂缝的防治( 1 )地下室墙体施工中 ,在底板和墙板上设置贯通的后浇带作为临时收缩缝 …     

浅谈地下室防水工程设计和施工

对地下室的钢筋混凝土收缩变形引起裂缝的原因进行了分析，探讨了防止混凝土开裂并提高其抗渗性能的途径和措施，提出了在设计和施工中应采取的方法。     

大面积地下室无渗漏施工技术

如何保证大面积地下室无渗漏成为许多施工一线人员潜心钻研的课题,在此,笔者根据自己的实践经验,介绍了合肥包河万达广场大商业大面积地下室施工采用抗渗混凝土、留置后浇带、预埋遇水膨胀止水条及止水钢板的无渗漏施工技术.     

避免和减小钢筋砼结构及构件的收缩裂缝浅议

钢筋混凝土结构产生裂缝的原因很多，有些裂缝主要由于混凝土的收缩造成的，对钢筋砼结构（特别是抗渗要求高的地下室等）在设计中防止收缩裂缝的产生或减少它的发展程度作了较系统的总结。     

混凝土结构地下室外墙的设计

对混凝土结构地下室外墙荷载的分类作了介绍,从土的侧压力、水压力等方面进行了阐述;并对其计算模型和截面承载力验算进行了分析,以供参考.     

地下混凝土结构整体跳仓法施工技术

广州世纪云顶雅苑工程地下混凝土结构采用"整体跳仓法"施工技术,施工时不留设任何形式的后浇带和伸缩缝,只设置暂时的施工缝,不掺加任何微膨胀剂和抗裂纤维,成功地解决了地下室超长、超宽、超厚大体积混凝土施工难题,以及大方量混凝土连续浇筑、立体穿插施工等技术问题.     

某工程地下室纵墙裂缝的分析与处理

本文对某工程地下室纵墙裂缝发生的成因，机理过程进行分析，表述了对带有地下室框架结构温度变开缝的认识，提出地下室纵墙裂缝的防治措施。     

Specific binding of Ulex europaeus agglutinin I lectin to sarcolemma of distal myopathy with rimmed vacuole formation

Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA I) binding was studied in 83 patients with various neuromuscular disorders. UEA I labelled endomysial capillaries and endothelial cells of perimysial blood vessels in all the examined muscles. There was no UEA I binding to muscle fibres except for all (9) cases of distal myopathy with rimmed vacuole formation (DMRV), 1 of 5 cases of inclusion body myositis and 1 of 36 cases of inflammatory myopathies. The UEA I binding was completely eliminated by preincubation of UEA I solution with L-fucose. Using electron microscopy, the UEA I binding was localized to sarcolemma and intrasarco-plasmic membranous organelles other than mitochondria. Myosatellite cells were not labelled. These findings revealed the existence of fucosylated proteins or lipids in a subset of skeletal muscles suffering from DMRV. Biochemical identification of the fucosylated substance and further detailed study on subcellular localization of UEA I binding may yield important clues to the unknown pathogenesis of DMRV.     

Transverse Thermal Expansion of FRP Bars Embedded in Concrete

Fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) have a thermal expansion in the transverse direction much higher than in the longitudinal direction and also higher than the thermal expansion of hardened concrete. The difference between the transverse coefficient of thermal expansion of FRP bars and concrete may cause splitting cracks within the concrete under temperature increase and, ultimately, failure of the concrete cover if the confining action of concrete is insufficient. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation to analyze the effect of the ratio of concrete cover thickness to FRP bar diameter (c/db) on the strain distributions in concrete and FRP bars, using concrete cylindrical specimens reinforced with a glass FRP bar and subjected to thermal loading from ?30?to?+80°C. The experimental results show that the transverse coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass FRP bars tested in this study is found to be equal to 33 (×10?6?mm/mm/°C), on average and the ratio between the transverse and longitudinal coefficients of thermal expansion of these FRP bars is equal to 4. Also, the cracks induced by high temperature start to develop on the surface of concrete cylinders at a temperature varying between +50 and +60°C for specimens having a ratio of concrete cover thickness to bar diameter c/db less than or equal to 1.5. A ratio of concrete cover thickness to glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) bar diameter c/db greater than or equal to 2.0 is sufficient to avoid cracking of concrete under high temperature up to +80°C. The analytical model, presented in this paper, is in good agreement with the experimental results, particularly for negative temperature variations.     

Detection of immunoglobulin A in serum and saliva of patients with hepatitis A

A case of cystic adventitial degeneration (CAD) of the popliteal artery is presented. Histologically the cyst appeared localised in the adventitia, outside the elastic lamina. A lectin-histochemical study evaluated the following peroxidase conjugated lectins: Peanut agglutinin, Concanavalin A, Ulex Europaeus (UEA I) and Wheat Germ Agglutinin. The lack of UEA I reactivity excluded an arterial origin of the cyst. Moreover, the lectin binding pattern of CAD appeared to be similar to the reactivity pattern of normal synovia.     

Effect of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Wraps on Corrosion Activity and Concrete Cracking in Chloride-Contaminated Concrete Cylinders

This paper presents the results of an experimental study designed to investigate the effect of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wraps on corrosion activity and concrete cracking in chloride-contaminated concrete cylinders. Thirty-five concrete cylinders, each having 102?mm diameter and 204?mm height, concentrically reinforced with one steel reinforcing bar, were subjected to accelerated corrosion exposure for 80?days. Test parameters included level of applied potential, presence of FRP wraps, and bar diameter. The corresponding current and concrete expansion were continuously monitored throughout the corrosion exposure. At the end of the test, the steel bars were extracted, cleaned of rust, and weighed to determine the actual steel mass loss. The results showed that, for the same applied fixed potential, FRP wraps effectively reduced the corresponding current, the concrete expansion, and the steel mass loss. For the same applied potential, the current density increased as the bar diameter decreased. For the same corrosion depth, the circumferential expansion of the cylinder caused by corrosion decreased as the concrete cover-to-bar diameter ratio (c/d) increased.     

Finite-Element Analysis of Chemical Transport and Reinforcement Corrosion-Induced Cracking in Variably Saturated Heterogeneous Concrete

Reinforcement corrosion owing to chemical attack could lead to premature steel-mortar debonding, concrete cracking, and catastrophic failure of structures if not well attended. In conventional design and maintenance practices, heterogeneous concrete matrix is commonly treated as a homogeneous medium when the evolution of chemical ingress and concrete cracking need to be determined. Such oversimplification has caused significantly inaccurate prediction and evaluation of structural service life. This paper presents a finite-element (FE) model developed to evaluate the service life of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in three key steps: chemical ingress, steel corrosion, and concrete cracking. The mass conservation principle is employed in the first step to model the ingress of multiple chemical species into variably saturated heterogeneous concrete matrix. By using Faraday’s law, steel corrosion and the incurred diametric expansion are then formulated as a transient displacement boundary condition for subsequent analysis of concrete cracking. The cracking pattern of concrete under the expansion force of corrosion products is finally characterized by using a cohesive-fracture approach. The FE model is validated with laboratory experiments.     

Thermal Compatibility of Concrete and Composite Reinforcements

Experiments on commercially-produced composite reinforcements have shown that the transverse coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of these rebar are 3–5 times higher than the CTE of concrete. In this paper, thermoelastic solutions of plain and spirally wrapped composite rebar, embedded in concrete and subject to a uniform temperature increase, are presented. Comparisons are made between bars with no spiral wrapping and those produced with a spiral wrap of unidirectional rovings. Results show that the spiral wrapping, included primarily to improve the bond between the concrete and the composite rebar, also aids in the reduction of overall thermal expansion of the rebar. Thermoelastic solutions of unidirectional composite rods and concrete predict that the tensile stresses in the concrete surrounding the rebar will exceed the tensile strength of the concrete for relatively small temperature increases. The extent of this cracking cannot be determined from the analytical predictions. To predict the extent of the cracking, nonlinear thermoelastic simulations, completed using the COSMOS-M finite-element code, are used to determine the extent of concrete cracking. Results show that cracking decreases with a decreasing rebar diameter and increasing confining pressure of the concrete.     

试论混凝土膨胀剂在工程中的使用

混凝土膨胀剂在建筑工程中已经得到广泛的应用,在混凝土中掺加膨胀剂后,利用约束下的膨胀变形来补偿其收缩变形,抵消钢筋混凝土结构在收缩过程中产生的全部或大部分的拉应力,使结构不裂或把裂缝控制在无害裂缝范围内.     

Lectin-bearing polymerized liposomes as potential oral vaccine carriers

PURPOSE: The potential of using lectin-modified polymerized liposomes as Peyer's patch targeted oral delivery vehicles was examined. METHODS: Two types of lectins, Ulex Europaeus Agglutinin I (UEA I) and Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA), were modified with a hydrophobic anchor N-glutaryl-phosphotidylethanolamine (NGPE). The modified lectins were incorporated into liposome bilayers and the liposomes were subsequently stabilized through polymerization. The presence of the lectins on the liposome surfaces was first confirmed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Surface-immobilized lectins were then shown to retain their carbohydrate binding activities as well as specificities based on an in vitro aggregation assay. Finally, delivery efficiencies of lectin-bearing liposomes were determined in mice. RESULTS: About 10.5% UEA I liposomes and 5.8% WGA liposomes were taken up from the gastrointestinal tract. These numbers are significantly higher than the 3.2% observed in the case of lectin-free liposomes. At the same time, UEA I liposomes exhibited the most effective Peyer's patch targeting among the three, which directly correlated with the highest delivery efficiency observed. CONCLUSIONS: This establishes that lectin modification of liposomes can promote binding to Peyer's patches, which will give improved efficiency for Peyer's patch targeted delivery. All these point to the potential for these lectin-modified liposomes as novel vehicles for oral vaccination.     

大面积厂房地坪的施工

通过某冶金厂房大面积混凝土地坪施工,介绍了大面积混凝土地坪的施工技术、工艺措施及施工缝与伸缩缝协调处理等经验,提出保证大面积混凝土地坪施工质量的方法.     

保证大型水池抗裂防渗的几项措施

对混凝土原材料、膨胀混凝土、后浇带、伸缩缝、施工缝等影响水池结构及裂缝的主要因素进行了深入分析,提出了裂缝控制的措施.