缩放管内插双扭带复合强化传热的数值模拟(英文)

The paper presents a 3D numerical simulation of turbulent heat transfer and flow characteristics in converging-diverging tubes(CDs) and converging-diverging tubes equipped with twin counter-swirling twisted tapes(CDTs).The effects of Reynolds number(Re 10000-20000),pitch length(P 11.25,22.5 mm),rib height(e 0.5,0.8,1.1 mm),pitch ratio(δ1:8,5:4,8︰1),gap distance between twin twisted tapes(b 0.5,4.5,8.5 mm) and tape number(n 2,3,4,5,6) on Nusselt number(Nu),friction factor(f) and thermal enhancement factor(η) are investigated under uniform heat flux conditions,using water as working fluid.In order to illustrate the heat transfer and fluid flow mechanisms,flow structures in CDs and CDTs are presented.The obtained results reveal that all geometric parameters have important effects on the thermal performance of CD and CDT,and both CD and CDT show better thermal performance than plain tube at the constant pumping power.It is also found that the increases in the Nusselt number and friction factor for CDT are,respectively,up to 6.3%-35.7% and 1.75-5.3 times of the corresponding bare CD.All CDTs have good thermal performance with η greater than 1 which indicates that the compound heat transfer technique of CDT is commendable for the maximum enhanced heat transfer rate.     

内置折边扭带管内高湿气体对流凝结换热与流动特性

对高湿气体在内置折边扭带管内对流凝结换热与流动特性进行了实验研究。分析了壁面温度、水蒸气含量、进口温度、气流速度等对高湿气体对流凝结换热的影响,降低壁面温度、提高水蒸气含量对流和凝结换热均提高,但对强化凝结换热尤其明显。引起扭带管内冷凝液膜状态变化的参数有扭曲比y和扭带与管壁间隙b。y越低气流旋转越强,导致液膜加厚而引起传热量降低和流动阻力增加;b较小时液膜积存在扭带端部,不仅降低传热面积而且无气流穿越扭带端部,b较大时旋转气流能穿越扭带端部,减薄管表面液膜厚度,强化凝结换热。     

从超音速蒸汽喷嘴到过冷水直接接触冷凝的数值模拟(英文)

The phenomenon of direct-contact condensation,used in steam driven jet injectors,nuclear reactor emergency core cooling systems and direct-contact heat exchangers,was investigated computationally by introducing a thermal equilibrium model for direct-contact condensation of steam in subcooled water.The condensation model presented was a two resistance model which takes care of the heat transfer process on both sides of the interface and uses a variable steam bubble diameter.The injection of supersonic steam jet in subcooled water tank was simulated using the Euler-Euler multiphase flow model of Fluent 6.3 code with the condensation model incorporated. The findings of the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations were compared with the published experimental data and fairly good agreement was observed between the two,thus validating the condensation model.The results of CFD simulations for dimensionless penetration length of steam plume varies from 2.73-7.33,while the condensation heat transfer coefficient varies from 0.75-0.917 MW·(m 2 ·K) -1 for water temperature in the range of 293-343 K.     

气相温度脉动对碳黑生成反应的影响(英文)

The effects of gas temperature fluctuations on soot formation and oxidation reactions are investigated numerically in a reacting flow. The instantaneous variations of soot mass fraction with time are obtained under the time-averaged gas temperature of 1500-1700 K. The simulation results show that the gas temperature fluctuation has obvious influence on the instantaneous processes of soot formation and oxidation. Within the present range of gas temperature, the gas temperature fluctuation results in generally lower soot mass fraction comparing to that without gas temperature fluctuation. The increase in the fluctuation amplitude of gas temperature leads to decrease in time-averaged soot mass fraction and increase in time-averaged soot particle number density.     

湿空气掠过竖直平板层流强制对流凝结换热的传热传质研究(英文)

Condensation of humid air along a vertical plate was numerically investigated, with the mathematical model built on the full boundary layer equations and the film-wise condensation assumption. The velocity, heat and mass transfer characteristics at the gas-liquid interface were numerical analyzed and the results indicated that it was not reasonable to neglect the condensate film from the point of its thickness only. The condensate film thickness, interface temperature drop and the interface tangential veloc...     

二氧化碳在York地层中埋存的地球化学模拟(英文)

In this paper, we build up a three-dimensional model for CO2 storage in the deep reservoir. And this paper gives the mathematical formalism of combined geochemical and multi-phase flow. The results give us the information about geochemical changing caused by CO2 injection into aqueous, the dissolution or precipitation of reservoir minerals caused by aqueous components change, the change of water density, also the differences between this model and the simulation model without considering geochemical. The basic data for simulation is from York Reservoir.     

多管陶瓷过滤器内耦合效应数值模拟

The Reynolds stress transport model and the Eulerian two-fluid model provided by the FLUENT code were applied to evaluate the gas-particle two-phase flow in the ceramic filter vessel. The ceramic filter vessel contains six candle filters, which are arranged in the form of equilateral hexagon. The variation of the areal density of the filter cake during the filtration and the back-pulse process were analyzed. The coupling effect between filters, gas and solid, filtration and pulse cleaning process were investigated, respectively. The numerical results show a good approach to predict the particle distribution in the vessel and the particle deposition on the filter element. This study provides the base for the intensive study on the analysis of the gas-particle flow in the filter vessel.     

自转螺旋扭带管内三维流动与传热数值模拟

建立了内置自转螺旋扭带管的三维流动模型,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型对管内流场进行了数值模拟,得到了流体的流动和传热特性.研究表明：自转扭带管内的流动是复杂的三维螺旋流动.流体在扭带与管内壁环缝区域的轴向速度比光管的大;流体在与扭带宽度等直径范围内的切向速度随半径的增大而增大,流体在扭带与管内壁环缝区域内也存在明显的切向速度,但随半径的增大而减小;而光管内流体的流动只有随机的切向运动,且其切向速度要比扭带管内的切向速度小2个数量级;扭带管流体的径向速度和湍流度也比光管的大.扭带管内流体近管壁区域轴向、切向、径向速度和湍流度的加大,强化了管内的对流传热,其表面传热系数大于光管.另外,速度场的模拟值与激光测试值进行了比较,二者吻合较好.     

两相燃烧大涡模拟研究进展(Ⅰ)喷雾燃烧大涡模拟(英文)

Spray combustion is widely used in power, transportation, chemical and metallurgical, iron and steel making, aeronautical and astronautical engineering. In recent years, large-eddy simulation (LES) becomes more and more attractive, because it can give the instantaneous flow and flame structures, and may give more accurate statistical results than the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) modeling. In this paper, the present status of the studies on LES of spray combustion is reviewed, and the future research needs are discussed.     

纸桨泵叶轮中纤维悬浮湍流的流动特性(英文)

A numerical method for predicting fiber orientation is presented to explore the flow properties of turbu-lent fiber suspension flowing through a stock pump impeller. The Fokker-Planck equation is used to describe the distribution of fiber orientation. The effect of flow-fiber coupling is considered by modifying the constitutive mode. The three-dimensional orientation distribution function is formulated and the corresponding equations are solved in terms of second-order and fourth-order orientation tensors. The evolution of fiber orientation, flow velocity and pressure, additional shear stress and normal stress difference are presented. The results show that the evolutions of fiber orientation are different along different streamlines. The velocity and its gradient are large in the concave wall region, while they are very small in the convex wall region. The additional shear stress and normal stress difference are large in the inlet and concave wall regions, and moderate in the mid-region, while they are almost zero in most downstream regions. The non-equilibrium fiber orientation distribution is dominant at the inlet and the concave wall regions. The flow will consume more energy to overcome the additional shearing losses due to fibers at the inlet and the concave wall regions. The change of flow rates has effect on the distribution of additional shear stress and normal stress difference. The flow structure in the inlet and concave wall regions is essential in the resultant rheological properties of the fiber suspension through the stock pump impeller, which will directly affect the flow efficiency of the fiber suspension through the impeller.     

导向管液固喷动床的数值模拟研究

本文以液-固两相流理论为基础,用颗粒动力学理论描述颗粒与颗粒间的碰撞,用标准湍流方程模拟液相和颗粒相的湍动,并且考虑液-固两相的相互作用,旨在探索一种工程设计和放大的新方法。对比颗粒循环速率和密相区真实液相流速的模拟结果与实验值,结果吻合较好。     

环形片材机头流道三维非等温流动的数值模拟

利用前期流变实验所获得的PP/CO_2粘度数据,对纯PP本构方程的各项参数进行修正。通过有限元软件Polyflow分析了含有发泡剂时聚丙烯在环形片材机头流道中的流动特性。模拟结果表明:流道压力场随着口模间隙、流道外壁温度和注气量的增大以及进料量的减小呈规律性的降低;口模间隙对压力场影响最大,口模间隙过大(>4 mm),流道即会出现过早的预发泡;注气量、进料量和口模间隙的变化基本不影响流道温度场。     

三维竖直圆管内流动沸腾的数值模拟

沸腾传热及气液两相流动都是常见的物理现象,其流动形式及传热机理复杂.文章借助于CFX流体计算平台,模拟了水在三维竖直圆管内的过冷流动沸腾过程,给出管内流体状态参数的变化规律.得到沿管长的气相体积分数的变化规律,沿管长沸腾传热系数的变化趋势,明显地看到沸腾对传热的强化作用,得到径向液体温度分布情况.对过冷流动沸腾的内在机...     

蒸汽凝结促进多分散不可溶PM_(2.5)增长的数值模拟

以PM2.5为凝结核,发生蒸汽凝结能够使得PM2.5粒径增加,以利于后续脱除。了解PM2.5的凝结增长规律对于PM2.5的高效脱除有重要意义。为此,基于凝结增长动力学方程,研究等温和绝热系统中多分散不可溶PM2.5的凝结增长过程,探讨蒸汽凝结后颗粒粒径分布随时间、蒸汽饱和度、温度的变化规律,并将等温和绝热系统中颗粒的凝结增长特性进行对比分析。结果表明,过饱和蒸汽能够迅速在PM2.5表面发生凝结,促进颗粒粒径分布向着大粒径、窄分布的方向发展;相同初始温度条件下,提高蒸汽饱和度可以有效促进PM2.5的增长;相同初始含湿量条件下,温度的较小变化就会引起最终颗粒粒径分布发生显著变化,且温度越低,颗粒凝结增长效果越好;与绝热系统相比,相同初始条件下等温系统中凝结增长所需的时间更长,生成的最终颗粒也更大。     

山谷型双流程凝汽器管侧流场的数值分析

为提高凝汽器换热效率,应用Fluent6.3数值模拟软件,管束区域采用多孔介质模型,对山谷型双流程凝汽器水室流场进行了数值分析。研究结果表明:该凝汽器入口水室结构存在一定的缺陷,导致冷却水在水室顶部和管板两处产生较大的局部阻力,从而产生了两处较大漩涡,影响设备的安全和稳定性;后水室流场较为均匀,漩涡较小,结构比较合理;出口水室前后侧速度较大,中间部位存在较大的低速区域,同时在右侧壁面出现了高速区域,从而会对右侧壁面造成较大的冲击力和摩擦力。     

固体炸药冲击起爆尺寸效应的数值模拟

固体炸药样品的装药尺寸对其冲击起爆的特性有着比较明显的影响，本文利用非线性有限元方法模拟计算了JO－9159炸药冲击起爆过程，分析了炸药冲击起爆过程的尺寸效应，结果表明，在一定范围内，JO－9159炸药的起爆力阈值随装直径和装药长度的增大而减小。     

异型材挤出成型过程三维等温黏弹性的数值模拟

针对异型材挤出成型流动过程的特点，基于PTT黏弹性本构模型，经合理假设，建立了描述其成型过程的三维等温黏弹性理论模型，并通过DEVSS／SUPG、最小元法Mini—Element和罚函数法等稳态有限元技术，建立了与该模型相适应的快速收敛的稳态有限元数值算法，并以此通过有限元数值模拟，系统研究了松弛时间和进口流量对异型材挤出成型过程的影响，得出了离模膨胀随松弛时间、进口流量增大而增大的规律。并通过理论分析，揭示了第一法向应力差决定离模膨胀的机理。数值模拟结果与传统的挤出实验研究结论相吻合。     

数值研究液-液水力旋流器内颗粒浓度分布特性

根据计算流体力学(CFD)的原理和方法,应用Fluent软件对液-淡水力旋流器内部颗粒浓度分布进行数值模拟,得到了不同进口流量和不同进料浓度下旋流器内各个截面上浓度分布情况.结果表明:旋流器内各截面上浓度变化曲线呈现抛物线型;进口流量越大,在管壁处浓度值越小,油滴不断向管芯聚集;进料浓度越大,在旋流器的大部分区域中,浓...     

B炸药爆轰波拐角传播的三维数值模拟

为研究B炸药起爆后爆轰波在拐角中的传播特性以及拐角爆轰低压流场现象,运用LS-DYNA3D程序对120°,90°,45°三种特定的拐角装药的爆轰波传播现象进行了数值模拟,观察了爆轰波通过拐角的传播过程,讨论了爆轰波波阵面通过拐角后爆速的变化情况.结果表明,爆轰波通过拐角后由于传播面积的变化而产生衰减-增长过程,装药拐角越大,爆轰波通过时越稳定;随着装药拐角的减小,拐角处的波阵面压力、爆速和传播能力都逐渐降低.     

幂律流体三维脉动流场数值模拟

利用ANSYS软件，模拟了振动诱导单螺杆挤出机熔体输送段中非牛顿幂律流体的三维脉动流场，得到了三维脉动流场的瞬时速度分布及螺槽中物料的流动轨迹。结果表明，在脉动流场作用下，非牛顿流体的瞬时速度响应与在驱动壁面上所施加的正弦形式的脉动驱动形式不同，横螺槽方向的环流中心位置受幂律指数影响，且发生周期性改变。振动的引入使得在相同的时间内，物料的流动路程增加，且可增大物料的平均停留时间，有利于改善混合效果。