PVC/改性剑麻纤维木塑复合材料的紫外加速老化性能研究

采用KH-550偶联剂对剑麻纤维进行改性处理,然后与聚氯乙烯（PVC）树脂、光稳定剂以及其他助剂通过塑炼、模压成型制备PVC基木塑复合材料板材,然后对其进行紫外加速老化试验。光稳定剂为自制的3种二苯甲酮类聚合型光稳定剂P(HABP-co-MTMP-co-OA)、P(HABP-co-MTMP-co-mPEGA)、 P(HABP-co-MTMP-co-OA-co-mPEGA)与目前常用的紫外线吸收剂UV-0、UV-531。测试了老化前后的拉伸强度保持率、表面接触角、热萃取损失率变化情况对PVC/改性剑麻纤维复合材料的紫外光老化性能的影响。结果表明,添加高分子光稳定剂的PVC/改性剑麻纤维复合材料具有优于添加UV-0、UV-531紫外光吸收剂的综合耐紫外光老化性能,尤其是P(HABP-co-MTMP-co-OA-co-mPEGA)光稳定剂对木塑复合材料的紫外光老化效果最好;3种高分子光稳定剂的添加使PVC/改性剑麻纤维复合材料的表面纤维裸露程度以及微小裂纹明显少于未添加光稳定剂的PVC/改性剑麻纤维复合材料。     

剑麻/石墨/聚氯乙烯电磁屏蔽材料制备与性能研究

用石墨对剑麻纤维蒸汽爆破原位包覆改性,研制出一种剑麻/石墨/聚氯乙烯复合的低成本屏蔽材料,并研究了该材料的屏蔽性能和力学性能。结果表明,通过石墨对剑麻纤维蒸汽爆破原位包覆改性,提高了复合材料的屏蔽效能,当石墨改性剑麻(GMSF)含量为28%时,复合材料的屏蔽效能最高可达28 dB。同时屏蔽材料逾渗阈值下降20%。     

剑麻/钢纤维增强改性酚醛树脂力学和摩擦性能

采用改性酚醛树脂为基体,剑麻/钢纤维混杂为增强纤维,通过辊炼、模压成型工艺制备了剑麻/钢纤维增强酚醛树脂复合材料.研究了剑麻纤维的加入及含量对聚砜改性酚醛树脂复合材料力学性能、摩擦磨损性能及热稳定性能的影响.结果表明:剑麻纤维质量分数为15%、钢纤维为10%时,复合材料的冲击和弯曲强度分别为3.82 kJ/m2和59.6 Mpa,达到最大;随着剑麻纤维含量的增加,复合材料的摩擦系数降低,热稳定性能下降,当剑麻纤维质量分数为10%时,复合材料的摩擦性能优异;复合材料的磨损面呈现黏着磨损和疲劳磨损特征.     

改性剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料热性能研究

依据丙交酯配位开环反应原理,在剑麻纤维表面接枝上聚乳酸分子支链进行表面改性,并与未处理、碱处理表面改性对比,研究了表面改性方法对剑麻纤维热性能的影响。使用熔体共混模压成型工艺制备了改性剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料,并研究了不同表面改性方法对复合材料热性能的影响。结果表明,剑麻纤维的加入使得复合材料的热稳定性略有降低,其中碱处理略高于未处理,而接枝处理降幅最大。同时,纤维的加入有利于复合材料异相成核,提高结晶度,其中以接枝剑麻纤维的促进作用最为突出。     

碱处理对剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸可降解复合材料性能的影响

以剑麻纤维(SF)和聚乳酸(PLA)为原料,通过注塑成型工艺制备了剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸可降解复合材料。研究了连续碱处理剑麻纤维(CASF)和未改性处理剑麻纤维(USF)在不同含量时对复合材料力学性能、吸水性及可降解性能的影响。结果表明:剑麻纤维的质量分数会显著影响复合材料的力学性能、吸水性和降解性能。相较于未改性处理剑麻纤维(USF),碱处理剑麻纤维(CASF)可以进一步提高复合材料的力学性能,降低复合材料的吸水率,延缓剑麻纤维增强可降解树脂基复合材料的降解速率,且酶降解法相较于土埋法降解能够显著加快复合材料的降解速率。当剑麻纤维含量为20%时,CASF/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量相较于纯PLA和USF/PLA分别提高了32.71%、10.08%;19.63%、12.11%;97.33%、12.40%;其冲击强度相较于纯PLA提高了71.19%。     

剑麻/含红土聚乙烯基复合材料制备与性能

针对废旧地膜资源化利用过程中出现的高成本和低性能问题,本文提出了废旧地膜免清洗和剑麻纤维边角料增强的废旧地膜资源化利用技术。采用挤出造粒和注塑成型工艺,制备了剑麻边角料填充含红土废旧聚乙烯复合材料,分析了红土和剑麻纤维边角料对废旧地膜的填充作用。结果表明,红土颗粒使废旧地膜注塑试样的拉伸模量、硬度和耐热温度分别提高了34.4%、41.3%、和33.1%。红土颗粒难以和塑料基体形成良好的界面粘结,导致含红土废旧地膜注塑试样的拉伸强度、弯曲性能和冲击强度轻微降低,表明红土颗粒不能对废旧地膜进行增韧增强,但可以提高模量和耐热温度。剑麻纤维边角料对含红土废旧地膜具有明显的增强增韧作用,随着剑麻纤维添加量的增加,剑麻纤维填充的含红土废旧地膜复合材料的力学性能增加。剑麻纤维填充量超过一定值后,会在复合材料中引入气孔,同时会降低剑麻纤维的分散程度,出现剑麻聚集体,导致复合材料的力学性能降低。     

二恶唑啉改性剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料的制备及性能研究

以二恶唑啉(BO)为扩链剂,通过反应加工的方法对剑麻纤维进行界面改性,然后通过热压成型的方法制备了在不同的BO含量下,纤维质量分数分别为10%、20%、30%和40%的短剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料。研究了BO含量和剑麻纤维含量对短剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,当纤维质量分数为30%、BO质量分数为1.0%时,所制备的复合材料力学性能最佳。其拉伸强度、弯曲强度以及冲击强度分别为66.76、117.09 MPa和4.61 kJ/m~2,比同样质量分数下,未加BO时剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料分别提高了34.4%、23.3%和19.1%。     

取向长剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸层压复合材料力学性能的研究

通过溶液浸渍法制备剑麻纤维预浸渍料,然后通过热压成型的方法制备了纤维含量(质量分数)分别为10%、20%、30%和40%的取向长剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸层压复合材料,同时制备了随机取向的短剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料。研究了不同的纤维含量对取向长剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸层压复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,当纤维含量为40%时,复合材料的力学性能最好。其拉伸强度、弯曲强度以及冲击强度比纯聚乳酸分别提高了1.90、1.29以及15.69倍,比短纤维剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸分别提高了4.47、2.27以及10.73倍,达到了164.76、202.88 MPa以及36.72 k J/m~2。     

剑麻纤维/酚醛树脂复合材料力学性能的研究

采用剑麻纤维(SF)与酚醛树脂(PF)混合、辊炼、模压成型,制备SF/PF复合材料,并对其复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量等进行测试。结果表明,剑麻纤维的表面处理方式、纤维的含量、纤维的长度以及与玻璃纤维混杂对复合材料体系力学性能影响较大。     

剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料酶降解研究

通过热压成型的方式制备了剑麻纤维增强聚乳酸（PLA/SF）复合材料,并通过K蛋白酶降解方式研究了该复合材料的生物降解性能,利用差热扫描量热仪测试分析了复合材料在酶降解过程中的非等温结晶性能。研究发现,剑麻纤维的加入加快了聚乳酸及其复合材料的降解速率,且随着剑麻纤维含量的增加,其降解速率提高;剑麻纤维的加入对聚乳酸的结晶性能有一定的影响,进而也影响了复合材料的酶水解速度。     

Preparation and characterization of poly(vinyl chloride)/virgin and treated sisal fiber composites

Mechanical property changes, thermal stability, and water absorption capacity of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/sisal fiber composites were assessed with respect to the effect of maleic anhydride chemical treatments of the sisal fiber, for five different sisal fiber contents, varying from 0 to 30% by weight in the composite. The composites prepared with the untreated sisal exhibited higher tensile modulus and hardness than the unloaded resin, while elongation and tensile strength were reduced. The deterioration in the mechanical properties of PVC blended with sisal fiber is attributed to the presence of moisture, interfacial defects at the fiber and polymer interface, and fiber dispersion in the PVC matrix. The amount of absorbed water is a function of the amount of fiber in the composite (F0 = 0 phr, F5 = 0.77 phr, and F20 = 4.83 phr). The comparison of the results of characterization of F5, F20, and F30 formulations prepared with the untreated fibers and the treated ones showed a reduction in absorbed water after the chemical treatment of fiber with maleic anhydride (F0 = 0 phr, F5 = 0.28 phr, and F20 = 2.99 phr), thus improving the mechanical properties of composites prepared with the treated sisal. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3630–3636, 2007     

A Comparative Study on the Mechanical Properties of Jute and Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

The aim of the present study is to investigate and compare the mechanical properties of raw jute and sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites with sodium hydroxide treated jute and sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites. This is followed by comparisons of the sodium hydroxide treated jute and sisal fiber reinforced composites. The jute and sisal fibers were treated with 20% sodium hydroxide for 2 h and then incorporated into the epoxy matrix by a molding technique to form the composites. Similar techniques have been adopted for the fabrication of raw jute and sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites. The raw jute and sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites and the sodium hydroxide treated jute and sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites were characterized by FTIR. The mechanical properties (tensile and flexural strength), water absorption and morphological changes were investigated for the composite samples. It was found that the sodium hydroxide treated jute and sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites exhibited better mechanical properties than the raw jute and raw sisal fiber reinforced composites. When comparing the sodium hydroxide treated jute and sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites, the sodium hydroxide treated jute fiber reinforced composites exhibited better mechanical properties than the latter.     

剑麻纤维增强玻璃钢靠背椅性能研究

本文报导了一种环保性好、回收问题容易解决而学性能优越的新麻纤维－玻纤混杂复合材料开发应用情况。并以靠背椅为例，给出它和现有玻璃钢以及ＳＭＣ靠背整体力学性能上的比较。     

剑麻纤维及其复合材料研究进展

介绍了剑麻纤维(SF)的结构特点、物理力学性能以及纤维改性处理方法,从纤维形态及增强基质出发综述了长、短SF及SF混杂纤维增强复合材料以及SF增强热塑性、热固性树脂和弹性体复合材料方面的研究与开发,指出了SF增强复合材料今后的研究方向。     

PBS/剑麻复合材料制备与性能研究

利用蒸汽爆破预处理剑麻纤维(SESF)作为增强体,通过模压成型制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/SESF复合材料,研究了SESF质量分数对复合材料力学性能的影响。对比了在剑麻纤维质量分数为30%的条件下,和未经预处理的2种剑麻纤维制得的复合材料的力学性能,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)对试样进行观察分析。结果表明,随着SESF质量分数的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度先增大后减小,在SESF质量分数为30%时达到最大值,比纯PBS的提高了15.5%;弯曲强度和弯曲模量均随剑麻纤维质量分数的增大而提高,其中弯曲强度在SESF质量分数为30%时的比纯PBS的提高了132.5%;断裂伸长率和冲击强度随着SESF质量分数的增加而降低。     

Plant oil‐based biofoam composites with balanced performance

BACKGROUND: Biofoam composites were prepared using short sisal fibers as reinforcement and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil as matrix, aiming at replacing traditional unsaturated polyester foams in structural applications. The compressive properties of the composites were examined as a function of fiber loading, fiber length and foam density. RESULTS: The foam composite with 10 phr (parts per hundred of base resin by weight) sisal fiber possessed properties similar to those of commercial unsaturated polyester foams. A study of the failure mechanism revealed that debonding between fiber and matrix was a key issue responsible for catastrophic damage of the composites. According to this finding, surface pre‐treatment of the sisal using an alkali or silane coupling agent was carried out. This brought about positive effects on interfacial interaction and compressive strength of the composites, as desired. Also, soil burial tests proved that the foam composites could be biodegraded, and the incorporated sisal fibers accelerated the biodegradation of the composites. CONCLUSION: This work shows the feasibility of making rigid biofoams from natural resources, which could be potential candidates for structural foams. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

热处理剑麻/PLA复合材料的制备与力学性能研究

采用真空干燥箱对剑麻纤维进行预处理,并与聚乳酸(PLA)复合制备了剑麻纤维含量为50%的全降解环保型复合材料。研究了真空条件下剑麻纤维热处理温度、热处理时间对剑麻纤维成分、结构和复合材料性能的影响,并通过红外光谱和扫描电镜分析其作用机理。结果表明:在真空条件下,热处理使剑麻结构发生变化,半纤维素降解,改善了界面结合能力,且适宜的热处理温度、热处理时间有利于复合材料力学性能的提高。     

Interfacial Characteristics of Sisal Fiber and Polymeric Matrices

Sisal-fiber-reinforced composites, as a class of eco-composites, have attracted much attention from materials scientists and engineers in recent years. In this article, the effects of fiber surface treatment on fiber tensile strength and fiber-matrix interface characteristics were determined by using tensile and single fiber pullout tests, respectively. The short beam shear test was also employed to evaluate the interlaminar shear strength of the composite laminates. Vinyl ester, epoxy, and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were chosen as matrix materials. To enhance the interfacial strength, two kinds of fiber surface-treatment methods, namely, chemical bonding and oxidisation, were used. The results obtained showed that different fiber surface-treatment methods produced different effects on the tensile strength of the sisal fiber and fiber-matrix interfacial bonding characteristics. Hence, valuable information on the interface design of sisal fiber–polymer matrix composites can be obtained from this study.     

Interfacial Characteristics of Sisal Fiber and Polymeric Matrices

Sisal-fiber-reinforced composites, as a class of eco-composites, have attracted much attention from materials scientists and engineers in recent years. In this article, the effects of fiber surface treatment on fiber tensile strength and fiber-matrix interface characteristics were determined by using tensile and single fiber pullout tests, respectively. The short beam shear test was also employed to evaluate the interlaminar shear strength of the composite laminates. Vinyl ester, epoxy, and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were chosen as matrix materials. To enhance the interfacial strength, two kinds of fiber surface-treatment methods, namely, chemical bonding and oxidisation, were used. The results obtained showed that different fiber surface-treatment methods produced different effects on the tensile strength of the sisal fiber and fiber-matrix interfacial bonding characteristics. Hence, valuable information on the interface design of sisal fiber-polymer matrix composites can be obtained from this study.