原料组成对液化气芳构化过程的影响

轻质芳烃是主要的化工原料，一直供不应求，利用液化气芳构化生成轻质芳烃，可获得经济效益。液化气中的烯烃含量是液化气芳构化过程的主要影响因素，液化气芳构化所得液体产物中芳烃含量不受原料组成的影响，但芳烃产率随着烯烃含量尤其是丁烯含量的增加而增加，干气产率相应降低。随着原料中丁烯含量的增加，液体产物中苯含量降低，相应二甲苯的含量增加，气相产物中丙烷和H2含量升高。     

液化气低温芳构化过程的研究

考察了液化气在分子筛催化剂FYHA-19上的低温芳构化性能.结果表明,反应过程中氢气的存在降低了催化剂的丁烯芳构化活性;提高反应温度,液体产物中芳烃含量增加,气体产物中氢气量增加;增加原料空速,催化剂芳构化活性下降;升高反应压力有利于烯烃的芳构化过程;再生后的催化剂芳构化性能基本保持不变.     

原料组成对液化气芳构化过程的影响

轻质芳烃是主要的化工原料,一直供不应求,利用液化气芳构化生成轻质芳烃,可获得经济效益。液化气中的烯烃含量是液化气芳构化过程的主要影响因素,液化气芳构化所得液体产物中芳烃含量不受原料组成的影响,但芳烃产率随着烯烃含量尤其是丁烯含量的增加而增加,干气产率相应降低。随着原料中丁烯含量的增加,液体产物中苯含量降低,相应二甲苯的含量增加,气相产物中丙烷和H2含量升高。     

OTA-25催化剂液化气低温芳构化生产高辛烷值汽油的性能

在流化床反应装置上对kg级制备的OTA-25上液化气芳构化进行了反应性能评价,在反应温度370℃,空速0.8 h-1的条件下,OTA-25催化剂上C4烯烃转化率大于95%,液体和液化气收率大于98%,液体产物中芳烃含量大于50%,烯烃含量低于20%.失活后的催化剂空气气氛下可再生.     

液化气在MCM-22与ZSM-23分子筛上低温芳构化性能的研究

在反应温度为350℃和400℃、反应压力为0.5MPa和液体空速为2 h-1的条件下,分别考察了液化气在MCM-22与ZSM-23分子筛上的芳构化反应性能.结果表明,ZSM-23分子筛较MCM-22分子筛具有更高的初始芳构化活性,且二者的芳构化活性均随反应时间的延长明显下降;ZSM-23在高温下具有较好的芳构化性能,而在MCM-22具有更好的低温芳构化性能.在相同的反应条件下,两种分子筛上生成芳烃的分布有着明显的不同.水热处理降低了ZSM-23的芳构化活性,反应稳定性并没有得到改善.     

催化裂解过程中空速和剂油比对液化气生成的影响

在小型固定流化床装置上,以减压蜡油为原料,采用含Y型分子筛和择形分子筛两种活性组分的催化剂,考察了进料空速和剂油比等操作条件对液化气产率和组成的影响。结果表明：降低进料空速和增大剂油比都能够提高重油转化率和液化气产率,但两者对液化气组成的影响却截然不同;降低空速导致液化气丙烯含量提高,而增大剂油比却导致液化气丙烯含量降低;降低进料空速有利于催化剂中择形分子筛内的化学反应,增大剂油比则有利于催化剂中Y型分子筛内的化学反应。     

异丁烷芳构化技术的研究

在轻烃芳构化催化剂上进行异丁烷和富含异丁烷的碳四芳构化产品液化气的芳构化反应研究,考察了反应温度、反应压力及进料空速对异丁烷转化率的影响。结果表明,富含异丁烷的碳四芳构化产品液化气在反应温度为400 ℃、进料质量空速为0.5 h-1、反应压力为1.0 MPa的条件下,经过催化反应可以得到60.05％的丙烷和11.57％的汽油馏分,分别可用作乙烯裂解原料和高辛烷值汽油调合组分,（干气产率+损失）小于3％。     

MCM-22分子筛催化剂催化液化气中丁烯的芳构化

在连续流动的固定床反应装置上,研究了不同硅铝比的MCM-22分子筛催化剂用于液化气中丁烯芳构化反应的催化性能。采用X射线衍射、X射线荧光光谱、低温N_2吸附-脱附及氨程序升温脱附等方法研究了MCM-22分子筛的结构及MCM-22分子筛催化剂的孔结构性质和酸性。实验结果表明,配料硅铝比(n(SiO_2):n(Al_2O_3))为30～600的MCM-22分子筛的晶化度均较高,由其制备的催化剂初始丁烯转化率均达97%以上,但催化剂的芳构化活性随反应时间的延长而降低;配料硅铝比为50～200的MCM-22分子筛催化剂表现出较高的反应稳定性;MCM-22分子筛催化剂的失活主要源于酸中心数量的减少和微孔孔道堵塞,并且两者的影响程度与MCM-22分子筛的硅铝比相关。     

HZSM-5+γ-Al_2O_3催化剂液化气芳构化酸催化特性研究

制备了系列HZSM-5与拟薄水铝石不同质量比的催化剂HZSM-5+γ-Al2O3,采用NH3-TPD和Py-IR对所制催化剂进行酸性表征,并考察其在液化气(LPG)芳构化反应中的催化活性。结果表明,加入γ-Al2O3可降低催化剂的总酸量、强酸量和强酸强度,同时B酸量也大幅降低。γ-Al2O3可能是促进了氢转移芳构化,且HZ+A(30%)催化剂由于具有合适的B酸和总酸量,使其有较高的芳烃收率。     

Zn改性对HZSM-5分子筛液化气芳构化性能的影响

将硅铝比为38的HZSM-5分子筛与质量分数为30%的粘结剂拟薄水铝石AlO(OH)(焙烧后为γ-Al_2O_3)混合并经Zn改性制得Zn/(HZSM-5+γ-Al_2O_3),通过XRD、FTIR、NH_3-TPD和Py-IR等手段对催化剂进行结构及酸性表征,考察硅铝比和Zn改性对HZSM-5催化剂在液化气芳构化反应中的催化性能。结果表明,HZSM-5添加粘结剂和Zn改性后,强B酸量减少,中等强度L酸量显著增加,B/L比降低。当催化剂m(Zn)/m(HZSM-5+Al_2O_3)为1.57%时,其强、弱酸和B、L酸协同催化作用最优,液化气芳构化收率和目标产物BTEX选择性最好。     

Aromatization Reaction of Liquefied Petroleum Gas

Abstract

The aromatization reaction of liquefied petroleum gas has been studied by using Huabei liquefied petroleum gas as raw material and LBO-A as catalyst, and the four lumped kinetics models network have been put up forward on the basis of lumped theory and the aromatization reaction mechanism. In the network, the aromatization reaction species were firstly lumped into C₄, propylene, low-molecular hydrocarbon, liquid, and coke. A mathematical method is first introduced to study on the product distribution of liquefied petroleum gas aromatization reaction. The results from experimental data are in accordance with the quantitatively analytical conclusions drawn from the calculated data.     

An Orthogonal Method for Aromatization Reactions of Shenghua Liquefied Petroleum Gas

Abstract:

By using Shenghua liquefied petroleum gas, FCC gaoline as a feedstock, LBO-A and LBO-16 as catalysts, and a confined fluidized bed as a reactor, the aromatization reaction of liquefied petroleum gas and FCC gasoline has been studied in an orthogonal method, and the nine lumps model has been put forward based on the aromatization reaction of liquefied petroleum gas. A mathematical method obtained is first introduced to study the relationship of various products of aromatization, and it is beneficial to know the mechanism and kinetics of the aromatization reaction to adapt to the necessity of industrialization.     

An Orthogonal Method for Aromatization Reactions of Shenghua Liquefied Petroleum Gas

By using Shenghua liquefied petroleum gas, FCC gaoline as a feedstock, LBO-A and LBO-16 as catalysts, and a confined fluidized bed as a reactor, the aromatization reaction of liquefied petroleum gas and FCC gasoline has been studied in an orthogonal method, and the nine lumps model has been put forward based on the aromatization reaction of liquefied petroleum gas. A mathematical method obtained is first introduced to study the relationship of various products of aromatization, and it is beneficial to know the mechanism and kinetics of the aromatization reaction to adapt to the necessity of industrialization.     

液化石油气在ZnNi/HZSM-5催化剂上的芳构化

用浸渍法制备ZnNi/HZSM -5催化剂 ,通过对液化石油气的芳构化试验表明 ,其活性明显高于HZSM -5催化剂。在常压、温度 540℃、质量空速 1h- 1条件下 ,芳烃和苯 -甲苯 -二甲苯 (BTX)混合物收率分别达到 4 8%和4 5%左右 ,液态产品中芳烃质量分数高达 98%。同时还考察再生活化温度、再生活化时间和反应温度对芳构化催化作用的影响。结果表明 ,再生活化温度对催化剂的恢复影响比较大 ,只有达到 575℃ ,活化时间至少 2h ,催化剂活性才能完全恢复 ;低温段 ( 550℃ )再生活化时 ,再生活化时间将影响催化剂活性 ;反应温度在 50 0～ 550℃时 ,随着反应温度增加 ,液体收率和芳烃收率随之增加 ,对芳烃选择性影响不大 ,BTX收率幅度波动较大。用金属改性的ZnNi/HZSM -5催化剂具有较强的芳构化能力。     

The Effects of Weight Hour Space Velocity on the Products Distribution of Aromatization Reaction of Lanlian FCC Gasoline

Abstract

By using Lanlian fluid catalytic cracked (FCC) gasoline as a feedstock, the effects of weight hour space velocity (WHSV) on the product distribution, light oil compound, off-gas, and liquefied petroleum gas were researched in a confined fluidized bed reactor. The equation of off-gas yield, liquefied petroleum gas yield, coke yield, and light oil yield with increasing WHSV were established in the experimental data. The experimental result showed that with increasing WHSV, coke, off-gas, and liquefied petroleum gas yield decreased gradually, and light oil yield increased piece by piece; the amount of olefin was enhanced step by step, that of aromatics dropped slowly, and that of saturated hydrocarbon did not change. However, olefin conversion and increasing ratio of aromatics presented a slowly decreasing trend and increasing ratio of saturated hydrocarbon showed no change; hydrogen yield was low and did not change; i-butane and propane decreased, but n-butane increased gradually; C⁰ ₃/C⁼ ₃ and nC⁰ ₄/nC⁼ ₄ values did not change, iC⁰ ₄/iC⁼ ₄ variety had no order; C⁰ ₃/C⁼ ₃, C⁰ ₄/C⁼ ₄, and (C⁰ ₃ + C⁰ ₄)/(C⁼ ₃ + C⁼ ₄) values showed a decreasing trend.     

液化石油气脱硫技术

综述了液化石油气中各种硫化物的脱除方法 ,提出了精密脱硫的一些改进建议。     

液化石油气吞吐开采稠油物理模拟试验研究

以蒸汽吞吐为主的热力采油技术经过多轮次蒸汽吞吐后,采油效果变差,目前急需寻找相应的接替技术,以便大幅度地提高稠油、超稠油的采出程度.为此,开展了液化石油气(LPG)吞吐开采稠油试验研究.介绍了LPG吞吐开采稠油物理模拟的室内研究,利用宏观物理模拟技术,进行LPG吞吐试验,研究了LPG萃取剂的注入方式、注入压力、注入速度以及焖井时间对LPG吞吐提高辽河油田稠油采收率的影响.研究结果表明,LPG吞吐开采稠油效果显著,为稠油开采技术探索了新的途径.     

固定式液化石油气储罐的安全设计

确定固定式液化石油气储罐的设计要素是确保储罐安全运行的首要问题,提出了一些具体的固定式液化石油气储罐安全设计的要点及原理。     

液化石油气脱硫醇过程研究

通过对影响液化石油气脱硫醇的因素的分析 ,建立了液化石油气脱硫醇过程的数学模型 ,得出进料量、碱液循环量、原料中硫醇含量与脱硫醇量的关系式 ,然后以实际生产数据为基础 ,推导出在现行工艺条件下计算脱硫醇量的经验公式。