基于IGWO 的台车轮注油系统注油量控制方法研究

传统烧结机台车轮自动注油系统注油量控制存在控制精度低和鲁棒性差等问题，已经无法满足精确注油的需求。为改善注油性能，提出一种基于改进灰狼(IGWO)算法的烧结机台车轮注油量智能控制方法。利用MATLAB软件辨识注油量控制系统数学模型；搭建BP神经网络PID注油量控制系统；为了提高灰狼算法的收敛速度，引入非线性收敛因子和动态权重，设计IGWO算法实现对BP神经网络的最优初始值及阈值的寻优，输出最优PID控制参数；最后，在仿真环境下，将用IGWO算法优化前后的控制效果进行对比。结果表明：所设计的PID控制器超调小、控制精度高，能够实现注油量的智能控制，满足精确注油的需求。     

注油阀螺纹副结构对轴向载荷分布的影响规律

以油脂注油阀的螺纹副为研究对象,采用简化方法建立了螺纹副的解析模型,并利用所建模型,研究了4种不同螺纹结构的注油阀中螺纹副载荷分布情况,分析了注油阀流道阶梯孔台阶面位置、螺纹环形切槽宽度与位置、轴向切槽的宽度、切槽几何轮廓、注油阀旋合长度以及拉杆直径对螺纹载荷分布的影响规律。     

防腐润滑脂在钢混系杆拱桥中的应用与施工

本文主要讲述武汉晴川桥(江汉三桥)系杆锚固区防腐蚀工程中无粘结预应力筋专用防腐润滑脂的注油施工,并详细描述了无粘结预应力筋专用防腐润滑脂的性能、专用涂胶机的使用方法以及系杆锚固区预埋钢管前部密封装置和后部注油装置的设计安装方法,并对注油量理论计算值与实际记录数据的偏差进行系统分析。此次防腐润滑脂的成功应用和注油施工的顺利实施将为今后类似工程提供宝贵的参考经验。     

汽车悬架用双筒油压减振器注油量分析计算

双筒式油压减振器已经推广为世界标准减振器。合理的注油量是保证减振器阻尼特性和使用寿命的前提。通过对减振器注油量计算方法进行理论分析及结合工厂实际开发的产品进行试验验证,得出了简易的双筒油压减振器注油量确定方法。结果表明:该方法简单可行,具有实际工程意义。     

烧结机台车机器人注油系统设计与应用

烧结是炼铁行业的一项重要工序,而在烧结台车运行过程中保持车轮轴的润滑性是必要的措施。针对钢铁行业目前都采用人工注油的方式,在分析烧结台车的使用工况及车轮轴注油特点的基础上,设计了机器人配合视觉定位系统注油的总体方案,并通过机器人样机的实际应用证明了设计的可靠性和先进性。     

天然橡胶干燥生产线的卸胶机械手的设计

为了解决目前天然橡胶干燥生产线胶车卸胶工序完全依靠人工操作,人力成本高、工作效率低的问题。根据干燥过后胶车到达卸胶工位的实际情况,设计了一套天然橡胶干燥生产线的全自动化卸胶装置——卸胶机械手,卸胶机械手主要包括托胶装置、抓胶装置和运胶装置三大部分,卸胶机械手的托胶装置、抓胶装置、运胶装置,按照卸胶机械手实现卸胶任务的过程分别完成托胶、抓胶(卸胶)、运胶(调位)等工序,通过液压和电机驱动卸胶抓胶装置的各部分运动达到卸胶的目的,并设计了装置的自动控制系统。     

剖分式摩托车汽油箱注油口的钎焊

普通摩托车汽油箱的注油口是利用冲压原理直接在油箱壳拉伸而成 ,而剖分式摩托车汽油箱因壳体大 ,结构复杂难以直接拉伸而成。现在通用的工艺是用冲压模具冲制出左右对称部分 ,采用缝焊焊成一体。注油口单独冲制 ,利用火焰钎焊把油箱注油口与壳体焊成一体。1　焊接性分析(1)壳体及注油口材质均为 0 8Ａｌ,厚度 0 .8ｍｍ ,制件后壁厚变薄 ,具有冷裂倾向 ,应控制钎焊温度 ,否则 ,焊接部位易开裂 ,难以修补。(2 )钎料要求熔化时流动性好 ,润湿性好 ,钎缝外观要求美观、圆润、无焊渣缺陷。(3)虽然焊接部位为非受力部位 ,但需保证钎缝具有一定结…     

一种创新型除尘器卸灰方式

随着环保要求日趋严格,除尘器卸灰过程中的二次扬尘已经成为各个钢铁企业环境治理的重点。文章通过比较已有的避免二次扬尘的几种卸灰方式之后,创新性地提出一种新的卸灰方式。新型卸灰方式具有成本低、制作简单、操作方便、维护量小、适用范围广等优点。经承德建龙特殊钢有限公司半年多的应用实践表明,新型卸灰方式系统稳定可靠,避免二次扬尘的效果很好。     

TC4钛合金超疏水表面/超润滑表面的制备及防冷凝性防冰性能研究

目的 为研究疏水表面与润滑表面的防冷凝及防冰机理，拓宽TC4钛合金在航空航天、医疗、化工石油、船舶制造等多个领域的应用。方法 采用阳极氧化法，在TC4表面构建了不同粗糙微结构，利用扫描电镜和原子力显微镜分别对表面形貌和粗糙度进行表征，对表面进行氟化和注油后，应用接触角测量仪测试表面的接触角、滚动角和滑动角，并在恒温恒湿箱内对氟化超疏水TC4表面和注油超润滑TC4表面的冷凝行为和结冰行为进行观测。结果 以HF溶液为电解液，10 V恒定电压下，在TC4表面制备得到了突触状微结构，20 V恒定电压下制备得到了排列有序的纳米管状结构。氟化改性后，纳米管状结构TC4表面接触角可达156.1°，滚动角为8°，表现为超疏水性。注油后的纳米管状超润滑TC4表面接触角为109.1°，滑动角为2°，表现为超润滑性。在冷凝测试中，超疏水表面出现了液滴自发滑移和自发跳跃行为。在结冰测试中，注油后的纳米管状超润滑TC4表面比其他测试样品表面具有最长的结冰延迟时间45s和最低冰黏附强度8.8 kPa。结论 超疏水TC4表面比其他测试样品表面具有更加优异的防冷凝性，进行注油润滑后，超润滑表面的防结冰性优于超疏水表面...     

钻杆接头螺纹卸扣扭矩影响因素研究

研究钻杆接头上扣/卸扣扭矩的计算方法;根据计算公式,总结影响钻杆接头螺纹卸扣扭矩的因素;提出提高卸扣扭矩的建议。分析认为:卸扣扭矩与上扣扭矩的比值R与螺纹导程有直接关系,同样尺寸结构设计的多线螺纹比单线螺纹的卸扣扭矩小;可通过减小螺纹导程、增加辅助扭矩结构、提高螺纹脂摩擦因数和优化锥度等手段,提高钻杆接头螺纹卸扣扭矩;建议特殊接头螺纹的导程扭矩占比不高于0.16,R≥0.68。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.