基于信号共振稀疏分解的自动换刀装置故障诊断

针对刀库中刀柄拉钉可产生松动的故障,研究一种基于信号共振稀疏分解的自动换刀装置故障诊断方法。以链式刀库为例,采集刀柄拉钉在不同旋转角度时自动换刀装置在自动换刀过程中所产生的振动信号,利用双可调品质因子小波变换的共振稀疏分解将所采集的振动信号分解成包含故障信息的周期瞬态低共振分量和自身运动的振荡谐波高共振分量。在此基础上,通过比对分析不同条件下的周期瞬态低共振分量信号,得到链式刀库自动换刀装置振动冲击成分与拉钉旋转角度的关系,并据此诊断自动换刀装置的故障。诊断结果显示,刀柄拉钉松动旋转角度为360°时,振动较大,该自动换刀装置需要进行维修,以增加其可靠性。研究结果可用于自动换刀装置的故障诊断,对于促进自动换刀装置健康状态监测方法的发展具有重大意义。     

基于换刀流程图的斗笠式刀库故障维修

给出了斗笠式刀库的一般换刀流程图,以此流程图为基础,结合刀库的机械与电气工作原理,分析了典型的故障现象及成因,并用具体的实例说明了斗笠式刀库的故障维修方法。     

盘式刀库及自动换刀装置可靠性评价

圆盘式刀库及自动换刀装置是加工中心的重要功能部件,也是加工中心故障部位的薄弱环节,其可靠性水平直接关系到主机的性能.目前圆盘式刀库及自动换刀装置的可靠性还没有适当的标准.鉴于此,在对国内外数控机床及其关键功能部件可靠性评价研究进行归纳分析的基础上,本文通过平均故障间隔换刀次数MTCNBF及平均修复时间MTTR指标对YP系列圆盘式刀库及自动换刀装置进行了可靠性评价.并基于可靠性加速试验数据对圆盘式刀库及自动换刀装置的故障模式、故障原因进行了分析,得到了圆盘式刀库及自动换刀装置最容易发生故障的部位、主要故障模式,可为刀库及自动换刀装置的改进设计提供依据.     

斗笠式刀库自动换刀控制组态系统的开发

论述如何利用组态软件对斗笠式刀库自动换刀过程进行组态设计,实现对加工中心自动换刀动作的动态控制及监控功能。该组态系统对数控技术维修人员及时排除自动换刀系统故障、特别是职业院校进行数控机床维修实践教学及技能培训具有重要的指导作用。     

数控机床停电后引发故障的排除

数控机床是机电一体化的高科技产物,涉及到机、电、液、气与计算机自动控制等许多方面,特别是数控系统、PLC可编程序装置以及驱动系统等的微电子硬、软件部分。故它对电网突然停电、或掉电后又瞬间来电产生的这一个脉冲信号十分敏感,会给系统造成一定危害。因为它相当于给系统发出一个错误指令,使系统产生误动作,发出“急停”信号。不少操作者对停电后引发的各种故障现象束手无策,下面这些实例可使操作者解除工作中的困惑。例1:一台配套FANUC 0MC系统,型号为XH754的数控机床,换刀过程中刀库旋转时突遇停电,刀库停在随机位置。由于本机…     

卧式加工中心自动换刀装置的故障分析与排除

以JE60S卧式加工中心的自动换刀机构为对象,阐述了其换刀过程及链式刀库、自动装卸装置等常见故障诊断及维修。     

加工中心自动换刀过程PLC编程技巧

结合加工中心常见的刀库换刀过程中经常出现的换刀过程程序故障,故障点不易查找,本文采用西门子的可编程控制器来作控制元件,用西门子的S7—200PLC软件,编制出一套控制程序,使机床的刀库换刀更加可靠,灵活,故障点查找更方便快捷。     

基于FANUC0iMD数控铣床升级为加工中心的改造

针对手动频繁换刀降低生产效率的问题,对数控铣床加装斗笠式刀库,从机械安装与调试、气动回路连接与调试、换刀宏程序编写以及PMC程序编制4个方面进行了阐述,对维修和改造人员有一定借鉴作用。     

米克朗UCP1x50加工中心刀库卡死故障处理及调整方法

米克朗UCP1x50加工中心刀库是故障率较高的部件,涉及到较为复杂的一系列调整步骤和方法。详细介绍了该加工中心刀库故障的维修判断过程及调整方法,为该系列机床刀库的维修调整提供有实用价值的参考。     

基于PLC在HNC-818加工中心换刀故障的应用

对HNC-818加工中心在刀库换刀时刀库不动的故障现象进行了研究,使用了PLC控制电气系统进行故障诊断的方法,解决了HNC-818加工中心所出现的换刀故障问题。结果提高了处理故障的效率,此方法为广大从业人员解决该方面的问题,提供了可借鉴的经验。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.