煤仓与溜煤眼的优化设计

通过对常村煤矿二一采区初开采的2101、2103、2104、2107等工作面外部运煤系统的调研,指出区段溜煤眼分散布置,存在煤仓容量小、支护强度低等弊端.优化设计了2112工作面外部运煤系统为煤仓与溜煤眼联合布置.介绍了该联合布置的优点、技术参数、施工方案和经济效益,对同类矿井有一定的参考价值.     

宁夏磁窑堡煤矿井底煤仓加装钢结构壁挂式螺旋溜槽的设计改造

钢结构壁挂式螺旋溜槽的原理,是将煤流的自由落体运动转化为匀速螺旋运动,以降低煤流速度,减缓煤流冲击,防止块煤破碎,达到提高块煤率的目的.由宁夏煤矿设计院、北京富力通能源工程技术有限责任公司、磁窑堡煤矿共同承担磁窑堡煤矿井底煤仓加装壁挂式螺旋溜槽改造任务.该煤仓立仓部分仓径为4.5 m,高24 m,溜煤斜巷长20 m,倾角50°,巷道宽2 m,高2 m.由于磁窑堡矿溜煤斜巷倾角大,煤流速度远远超出了非标准螺旋溜槽的调控范围,因此增加设计了蛇形溜槽段.该段溜槽为高600 mm,宽600 mm的U形槽,在煤流变向处设计成外沿高、内沿低,以抵抗离心力,减少煤流在槽中的互相碰撞;沿溜煤斜巷蛇形布置,加长煤流路径,减小路径坡度,使煤流速度达到了非标准段螺旋溜槽的可控范围.由于完全控制了煤流在仓中的匀速运动,开创了蛇形溜槽在国内原煤仓中的首创应用,块煤损失降低了4.01％,达到了国内同行业先进水平.经济效益显著,推广应用前景较好.     

空气炮在焦炉煤仓的应用

针对焦炉煤仓在下煤时出现的易堵塞现象对焦炉生产造成的诸多不利影响,根据空气动力学原理,提出了在焦炉1煤仓增设空气炮,利用压缩空气(0.4～0.8 MPa)突然释放的势能,产生强烈冲击波,使起拱的或粘着的煤料再次恢复重力流动,使堵塞消除,实现装煤连续作业.介绍了每个煤仓应按螺旋上升布置空气炮的安装要求,以及空气炮在使用过...     

某8度、Ⅲ类场地主厂房结构选型

对于8度抗震、Ⅲ类场地的某电厂,本文对比分析了主厂房的2种布置方案:方案1(汽机房+侧煤仓)、方案2(汽机房+除氧间+侧煤仓)、方案3(汽机房+除氧间+前煤仓).根据规范及有关文件,除布置方案1的汽机房能采用单跨钢筋混凝土排架方案以外,其余的各结构型式均不推荐采用纯钢筋混凝土框架结构.考虑到型钢混凝土结构在抗震性能上的优势,各布置方案中补充了型钢混凝土结构来进行分析.经综合比较推荐:本工程主厂房采用方案1(汽机房+侧煤仓)布置方案,其中汽机房结构型式为钢筋混凝土单跨排架结构,侧煤仓结构型式为横向采用型钢混凝土的3跨框架、纵向框架-剪力墙结构.     

基于PLC的煤仓煤位监控系统开发设计

文章以山西岚县昌恒煤焦有限公司某矿为研究对象,开发设计1套以西门子S7-200PLC为核心的煤仓煤位监控系统,实现了实时显示煤仓煤位、自动控制给煤机及转载皮带机的自动启停功能,以及控制与监视一体化.     

基于新型煤位计的监控系统设计

针对山西吕梁木瓜煤矿煤仓现有煤位测量装置精确度低、误差大等情况,将SITRANS LR460雷达煤位计应用于PLC控制的煤位自动监控系统中,系统采用S7-300系列PLC及上位机组态软件作为控制系统核心,通过上位机WinCC组态管理软件可直观地显示煤位数据实时变化情况,实现了煤仓煤位的自动检测与超限报警等功能,表明SITRANS LR 460雷达煤位计应用于高粉尘恶劣环境下,有较高的精确度和稳定性.     

混凝土桁架在侧煤仓结构优化中的应用

侧煤仓方案成为大机组主流,侧煤仓间横向框架主要有4列柱、3列柱、2列柱布置结构型式,其中以2列柱单跨结构布置的空间及投资最小.单跨布置时,框架跨度大,承受煤斗的荷载大,如何使结构合理经济成为结构方案布置的难点.某百万机组侧煤仓间的煤斗层梁采用混凝土桁架的结构方案,桁架具有受力合理、构造简单、自重较轻、材料节省、承载力高等优点.桁架的缺点是平面外刚度弱,很难通过自身的刚度抵抗水平地震力,结构布置中需采取措施解决桁架平面外刚度弱的问题.百万机组的侧煤仓间设置混凝土桁架比混凝土实腹梁有利于"强柱弱梁"的概念设计,对控制顶层位移、层间相对位移等有一定的优势,混凝土桁架方案比普通混凝土框架结构方案更利于抗震,可为类似工程提供参考.     

火电厂钢煤仓煤压力计算方法探讨

基于经典理论计算煤仓中煤压力的方法,阐明了在流动状态下贮料压力的特点及目前通常做法存在的问题.对火电厂钢煤仓煤压力的计算提出筒仓段和漏斗段的煤压力应分别采用独立公式计算,并给出了有关的计算公式及侧压力系数.     

井下料位图像采集方法研究

基于一种辅助光源照射方法,提出对井下煤仓煤位进行检测的基本方法.介绍了井下煤仓煤位的图像检测原理,给出了辅助光源及摄像机设置与选择的限定条件.通过理论分析与计算,确定了辅助光源及摄像机设置基本框架,为图像的采集奠定了基础.研究结果表明,根据这些限定条件选择和设置光源与摄像机,可以有效地采集到反映煤位变化的图像信息.     

煤仓配煤皮带自动控制系统研制成功

煤仓配煤皮带自动控制系统研制成功回我院研制的，以可编程控制器为核心的煤矿地面煤仓配煤皮起自动控制装置，具石煤仓煤位高低的检测与显示，皮带车位置校测与模拟显示及各种故障的声音报警类型显示等主要功能。具有手动、集中操作和自动控制三种运行方式．本系统主要采...     

韩王矿煤层底板含水层注浆改造技术

利用煤层底板薄层灰岩大面积注浆改造技术对韩王矿25111工作面底板进行改造,通过对该工作面水文地质条件的分析,对钻孔平面布置形式、结构以及注浆工艺等进行了详细设计.注浆实践表明,该技术在韩王矿的成功实施能够确保25111工作面的安全回采,取得了良好的注浆效果.     

Effects of coal seam dip angle on the outburst in coal roadway excavation

The prevention and forecast of coal and gas outburst has always been one of the key issues in coal mining safety. By simulating the process of tunneling in coal seam with different dip angle through FLAC3D software, the dangerous zone in which outburst may occur and the probability of outburst near the working face were predicted through the distribution of stress, displacement and plastic zone. Then we discussed the size of unstable area in the surrounding rock through the distribution of stress and the variation curve of the displacement on the roadway wall. The results show that, with an increase of the coal seam dip angle, the risk of outburst in the working face rises gradually. And the dangerous areas in which may outburst occur moves to the upper part of coal seam. The size of unstable area in the surrounding rock increases with the increase of coal seam dip angle.     

急倾斜放顶煤矿压显现规律的观测与研究

通过对宜洛煤矿李沟井伪俯料放顶煤回采工作面的矿压观测,从4个方面研究了急倾斜伪俯斜放顶煤工作面矿压显现规律;（1）工作面的初次来压、周期来压步距和来压强度;（2）沿工作面走向控制区内的顶板压力状况,以及生产工序对控制区内支柱载荷的影响;（3）研究了沿倾斜方向矿压显现特点,分析了与近水平煤层矿压显现不同的原因;（4）观测了上下巷矿压显现规律,并分析了上下巷压力不同的原因．用统计法对伪俯斜放顶煤采煤法和分层开采上下巷矿压显现作了对比。     

漳村煤矿设瓦斯巷综放面瓦斯分布及涌出特征

由于综放工作面开采强度大,引起瓦斯涌出量成倍增加,严重制约着工作面的安全生产．针对瓦斯涌出强度大的问题,通过在山西潞安矿务局漳村煤矿综放工作面布置测点、测线,进行现场观测和研究,分析论述了工作面设置排放瓦斯巷解决瓦斯严重超限问题时,综放工作面的瓦斯分布状况及涌出特征．     

易自燃煤层特殊条件下综放开采工作面防火技术研究

分析了耿村矿１３０１工作面易自燃煤层特殊条件下综放开采工作面自然发火的危险性;探讨了因采空区漏风而引起的工作面自然发火的防治措施．经现场实施研究表明,均压通风、低风量供风、加快工作面推进速度的综合防火技术,成功地防止了自然发火,保证了综放开采工作面的安全生产．     

基于微震成像的采煤工作面应力异常监测

为了实现对深井采煤工作面的冲击地压灾害预防,采用微震走时成像技术,监测采煤工作面的应力异常.根据系统要求布置传感器台网,实现工作面全覆盖;采用层状模型分析地震波传播路径,计算地震波传播速度,利用子空间分阶段求解的方法进行反演,实现对监测区域的地震波走时层析成像;结合地震波速度和岩石所受应力的关系,达到研究采煤工作面应力异常的动态分布及变化特征的目的.试验结果表明：工作面推进时,煤层顶板高应力异常达到最大,工作面前方的高应力异常区动态变化范围较大,工作面后方存在较稳定的地震波低速异常,利用微震成像技术可以有效地监测地震波速度异常区域的范围及变化特征.     

System dynamics model of the support-surrounding rock system in fully mechanized mining with large mining height face and its application

Fully mechanized mining with large mining height (FMMLMH) is widely used in thick coal seam mining face for its higher recovery ratio, especially where the thickness is less than 7.0 m. However, because of the great mining height and intense rock pressure, the coal wall rib spalling, roof falling and the instability of support occur more likely in FMMLMH working face, and the above three types of disasters interact with each other with complicated relationships. In order to get the relationship between each two of coal wall, roof, floor and support, and reduce the occurrence probability of the three types of disasters, we established the system dynamics (SD) model of the support-surrounding rock system which is composed of “coal wall-roof-floor-support” (CW-R-F-S) in a FMMLMH working face based on the condition of No. 15104 working face in Sijiazhuang coal mine. With the software of Vensim, we also simulated the interaction process between each two factors of roof, floor, coal wall and the support. The results show that the SD model of “CW-R-F-S” system can reveal the complicated and interactive relationship clearly between the support and surrounding rock in the FMMLMH working face. By increasing the advancing speed of working face, the support resistance or the length of support guard, or by decreasing the tip-to-face distance, the stability of “CW-R-F-S” system will be higher and the happening probability of the disasters such as coal wall rib spalling, roof falling or the instability of support will be lower. These research findings have been testified in field application in No. 15104 working face, which can provide a new approach for researching the interaction relationship of support and surrounding rock.     

Influence of canopy ratio of powered roof support on longwall working stability——A case study

The case study describes longwall coal seam A in a hard coal mine, where longwall coal face stability loss and periodic roof fall occurrences had been registered. The authors have attempted to explain the situation based on in-situ measurements and observations of the longwall working as well as numerical simulation. The calculations included several parameters, such as powered roof support geometry in the form of the canopy ratio, which is a factor that influences load distribution along the canopy.Numerical simulations were realized based on a rock mass model representing realistic mining and geological conditions at a depth of 600 m below surface for coal seam A. Numerical model assumptions are described, while the obtained results were compared with the in-situ measurements. The conclusions drawn from this work can complement engineering knowledge utilized at the stage of powered roof support construction and selection in order to improve both personnel safety and longwall working stability,and to achieve better extraction.     

大采高综采工作面实现安全高效开采的技术应用研究

潘一矿以技术创新为依托,经过技术论证进行设备选型,加快设备升级换代,提高科技对矿井的贡献率,首次在1521(3)工作面进行大采高综采开采.回采61d,生产原煤511180t,完成产值23003万元.工作面平均日产原煤8380t,平均月产量251400t.其中,最高日产突破万吨,创下了建矿以来单面日产最高纪录.实践证明:1521(3)大采高综采工作面的开采成功,取得了显著的经济技术效益.     

江西皇化二井井田B4煤层突出危险性评价

根据皇化二井建井期间石门揭煤、采掘工作面瓦斯涌出情况，通过实测煤层瓦斯参数，重新评价了ＣＢ４煤层的突出危险性，认为ＣＢ４煤层为非突出煤层，皇化二井为非突出矿井。并用瓦斯地质单元法分析了评价结果的代表性。