宽板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口结构优化的研究

针对宽板坯连铸生产现状,采用商业软件PHOENICS对其建立三维数值模型,模拟宽板坯连铸结晶内钢液的流场分布.研究了不同水口倾角、插入深度及拉速等参数条件对结晶器内流场的影响,得出了适用于宽规格结晶器合理的浸入式水口.这为优化宽板坯结晶器内钢液的流场及浸入式水口结构及确定合理的工艺参数提供了科学依据.     

攀钢板坯连铸结晶器内流场的水力学模拟研究

采用水力学模拟方法研究攀钢板坯连铸结晶器内流场,分析浸入式水口结构尺寸、塞棒吹Ａｒ量和拉速等工艺参数对连铸结晶器内钢液流动状况的影响,在此基础上优选出适合攀钢板坯连铸工艺的浸入工水口结构尺寸及相关参数。     

厚板坯连铸结晶器流场数值模拟

针对鞍钢新轧钢第一炼钢厂厚板坯连铸结晶器建立了三维湍流数学模型和三维实体模型.应用有限元软件对厚板坯连铸结晶器内的流场进行了模拟,计算了铸机拉速、浸入式水口出口倾角和水口浸入深度等工艺参数对结晶器内钢液流动的影响.对比表明,数值模拟结果与水模实验结果相符.     

八钢板坯连铸中包浸入式水口结构的优化

总结了板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口对结晶器流场的影响,通过数学模拟及现场大量试验。选定了适合八钢板坯连铸现场条件的浸入式水口,解决了结晶器角部扰动的问题,提高了板坯质量。     

亚包晶钢板坯纵裂成因与浸入式水口改型

针对某厂连铸机浇注亚包晶钢板坯表面纵裂纹发生率较高的问题,分析了双侧孔浸入式水口对裂纹形成的影响。在此基础上对浸入式水口结构进行优化,开发了新型浸入式水口。通过模拟研究和生产应用分析,对比了双侧孔浸入式水口与新型浸入式水口结构的差异以及两者对结晶器内流场和温度场的影响。结果表明,采用双侧孔水口浇注时,结晶器钢液流场和温度场分布不合理,导致结晶器内液渣层厚度不均匀,尤其是水口与结晶器壁之间位置液渣层厚度偏薄,从而诱发了板坯表面纵裂纹缺陷的大量发生,纵裂纹集中在板坯宽面中心400 mm范围,裂纹长度50～1 200 mm,深度2～12 mm;采用新型浸入式水口更有利于水口与结晶器壁间钢液流动,增加水口出入口钢液束流能力,使结晶器内钢液流场对称、温度场分布均匀、液渣层厚度均匀增加,亚包晶钢板坯表面纵裂纹改善显著,表面纵裂纹发生率由10.9%降低至1.5%。     

板坯连铸结晶器内吹入气体对钢液行为的影响

采用水力学模拟方法研究板坯连铸结晶器内流场，分析塞棒吹Ａｒ时，浸入式水口琢拉速等工艺参数对连铸结晶器内钢液行为的影响。     

板坯连铸浸入式水口浸入深度对卷渣行为的影响

板坯连铸中,浸入式水口浸入深度对保护渣卷入有着非常重要的影响.针对某厂板坯结晶器流场、钢液表面流动情况展开研究,通过数值模拟对不同浸入水口浸入深度进行对比分析,并采用水模型试验进行验证.结果表明,浸入深度为100 mm和110 mm时,结晶器液面表面流速较高,最高分别为0.215 m/s和0.210 m/s;浸入深度为...     

板坯连铸结晶器内钢液表面流速的水模型研究

以承德钢铁厂板坯连铸结晶器为原型,采用1∶1的水模型进行试验,研究了拉速、浸入式水口出口角度、水口浸入深度、水口底面结构及结晶器断面宽度等工艺参数对板坯结晶器内表面流速的影响。结果表明:拉速对表面流速的影响最大,随着拉速的提高,结晶器内钢液表面流速明显增大,当断面宽度为1 650 mm,拉速由0.7 m/min提高到1.4 m/min,表面流速由0.04 m/s提高到0.1 m/s;波浪面结构的浸入式水口表面流速效果最优。     

板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口工艺参数的模拟正交试验

利用流场计算机软件PHOENICS 3.4建立的三维有限差分模型模拟邯钢 16 2 4mm× 2 2 8mm板坯连铸结晶器内钢液的流场和温度场 ,并采用正交试验方法对影响钢液流动的主要因素 :水口浸入深度、倾角、水口内径和侧孔截面积进行研究和分析。结果表明 ,水口浸入深度和倾角对冲击点温度指标和液面卷渣指标影响显著。该板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口最佳工艺参数为 :浸入深度 12 0mm ,倾角 15° ,内径 6 3 75mm ,侧孔截面积 6 0mm× 6 5mm。     

浸入式水口对结晶器钢水流动与液面波动的影响

以国内某钢厂220 mm×1800 mm板坯连铸结晶器为原型,根据相似性原理建立相似比为0.6的水模型,利用粒子图像测速技术(PIV)对比不同浸入式水口(SEN)的出口角度、浸入深度及水口底部结构条件下的结晶器内流场流速特征,同时使用波高仪对液面波动振幅进行实时监测,并结合F数分析各SEN条件对结晶器内钢液流动特征.研究发现,在各浸入式水口条件下,位于结晶器液面1/4宽面处附近出现矢量流速向下的剪切流,同时在水口附近发现不规则漩涡.试验结果表明:浸入式水口的出口角度、浸入深度的增加能够强化上回旋区缓冲作用,降低结晶器液面表面流速;尽管凹底结构SEN能减弱钢液湍动能,但其对1/4宽面处剪切流速度的影响不大.另外,液面波动幅度和F数变化规律一致,且当浸入式水口出口角度15°、20°,浸入深度135 mm、145 mm条件下波幅与F数最为合理,从而减小或避免液面卷渣,提高连铸坯质量.      

The Effects of Electromagnetic Brake on Liquid Steel Flow in Thin Slab Caster

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model with magneto hydro dynamics (MHD) is developed for a thin slab caster to investigate the effects of electromagnetic brake (EMBr) on liquid steel flow in continuous casting mold and to determine the EMBr practices which lead to optimal flow structure. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) tests in water model and meniscus flow measurements in real caster are performed to validate the predictions obtained with CFD models. The performance of different submerged entry nozzle designs, SEN 1 and SEN 2, are evaluated. The effects of nozzle submergence in relation to the applied magnetic field on mold flow structure are quantified. There are significant differences between flow structures obtained with SEN 1 and SEN 2, even though both designs have fundamental similarities and contain four ports. EMBr mainly reduces the meniscus velocities for SEN 2 as opposed to the foremost influence of EMBr for SEN 1 that is to significantly slow down the downward jet coming from the bottom ports. In addition, reducing the EMBr strength for shallow nozzle submergence and increasing the EMBr strength for deep nozzle submergence help to maintain similar meniscus activity for all conditions.     

板坯连铸结晶器内钢水流场和传热凝固数值模拟

 以鞍山钢铁集团公司中薄板坯连铸机为研究对象,利用商业软件CFX44对结晶器内钢水流场和传热凝固进行了数值模拟,主要研究了三孔浸入式水口的冶金特征及其对结晶器内钢水流场和温度场的影响。结果表明,采用三孔浸入式水口可以优化结晶器内钢水流场和温度场,稳定坯壳发育和成形,防止拉漏。     

连铸机结晶器流场与温度场和夹杂物排除数理模拟

以板坯连铸机结晶器为研究对象,采用数值模拟和水模试验相结合的研究方法,模拟了两种水口浇注条件下结晶器内温度、速度场分布以及钢中夹杂物上浮排除状况.试验发现,原有水口存在上循环弱、热交换慢、保护渣融化不均匀等缺点是铸坯出现表面纵裂纹和夹杂物上浮排除困难的主要原因;而新水口增强了结晶器内上循环速度,促进了钢中夹杂物的上浮.工业大生产应用结果表明,新水口能明显地降低板坯表面纵裂纹和改善铸坯洁净度.     

Combined Electromagnetic Tomography for Determining Two-phase Flow Characteristics in the Submerged Entry Nozzle and in the Mold of a Continuous Casting Model

This article describes experiments on the combined determination of the distribution of liquid metal and argon in the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) and of the flow in the mold of a small-scale physical model of a continuous slab caster. For visualizing the metal distribution in the SEN, mutual inductance tomography (MIT) is applied, while the flow in the mold is determined by contactless inductive flow tomography (CIFT). The results of the latter are validated in part by ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry (UDV). Accompanying measurements provide information about the levels in the tundish and in the mold, as well as on the pressure in the SEN. Depending on the gas flow rate, various flow regimes are identified, among them pressure and mold level oscillations, transitions between double and single vortex flows, and transient single port ejections.     

Modeling of biased flow phenomena associated with the effects of static magnetic-field application and argon gas injection in slab continuous casting of steel

Biased flow occurs frequently in the slab continuous casting process and leads to downgraded steel quality. A mathematical model has been developed to analyze the three-dimensional biased flow phenomena associated with the effects of static magnetic-field application and argon gas injection in the slab continuous casting process. By moving the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) from center to off-center, the biased flow and vortexing flow in the mold can be reproduced in the numerical simulation. The existence of a vortexing flow is shown to result from three-dimensional biased flow in the mold. A vortex is located at the low-velocity side adjacent to the SEN. The vortex strength depends on the local horizontal velocity of molten steel and decreases gradually with distance from the free surface. The vortexing-zone size depends on the biased distance of the SEN, and the intensity of the vortexing flow depends on the casting speed of the continuous caster. Only when the location and strength of the magnetic field are properly chosen, can the vortexing flow be suppressed by a static magnetic-field application. The effect of argon gas injection on the vortexing flow is not remarkable. The combination of magnetic-field application and argon gas injection can correct the biased flow and suppress the vortexing flow by suppressing the surface velocity and removing the downward velocity near the SEN in the mold.     

MCCR产线110mm薄板坯结晶器流场的数值模拟

首钢京唐MCCR产线是国内第一条多模式连铸连轧产线,薄板坯高拉速连铸是实现无头轧制模式的基础,结晶器内流场控制是决定薄板坯高拉速连铸的关键.采用VOF两相流模型研究薄板坯连铸结晶器内流场特点,采用插钉法测量实际生产过程结晶器弯月面流速,并与对应工况条件下模拟结果进行对比校验了模型准确性.通过薄板坯连铸结晶器内流场的数值...     

Effect of EMBr on Flow in Slab Continuous Casting Mold and Evaluation Using Nail Dipping Measurement

The nail dipping method was developed to investigate the effect of electromagnetic brake on the mold top surface flow in a certain slab caster with different casting speed and submerged entry nozzle (SEN) depth. The shape of the meniscus profile and direction of flow were quantified by analyzing the angular profile of the lump for each solidified nail, and the error evaluation for the nail dipping measurement was also determined. The results show that the meniscus level fluctuates with time variation; the electromagnetic force suppresses the high‐speed flow and decreases the meniscus flow velocity, which makes the meniscus level flatter and slower. A stronger meniscus velocity and fluctuation were created by increasing casting speed and decreasing the SEN depth. Furthermore, the effect of magnetic field on the fluid flow in the mold has been investigated.     

Investigation of Fluid Flow and Steel Cleanliness in the Continuous Casting Strand

Fluid flow in the mold region of the continuous slab caster at Panzhihua Steel is investigated with 0.6-scale water model experiments, industrial measurements, and numerical simulations. In the water model, multiphase fluid flow in the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) and the mold with gas injection is investigated. Top surface level fluctuations, pressure at the jet impingement point, and the flow pattern in the mold are measured with changing submergence depth, SEN geometry, mold width, water flow rate, and argon gas flow rate. In the industrial investigation, the top surface shape and slag thickness are measured, and steel cleanliness including inclusions and the total oxygen (TO) content are quantified and analyzed, comparing the old and new nozzle designs. Three kinds of fluid flow pattern are observed in the SEN: “bubbly flow,” “annular flow,” and an intermediate critical flow structure. The annular flow structure induces detrimental asymmetrical flow and worse level fluctuations in the mold. The SEN flow structure depends on the liquid flow rate, the gas flow rate, and the liquid height in the tundish. The gas flow rate should be decreased at low casting speed in order to maintain stable bubbly flow, which produces desirable symmetrical flow. Two main flow patterns are observed in the mold: single roll and double roll. The single-roll flow pattern is generated by large gas injection, small SEN submergence depth, and low casting speed. To maintain a stable double-roll flow pattern, which is often optimal, the argon should be kept safely below a critical level. The chosen optimal nozzle had 45-mm inner bore diameter, downward 15 deg port angle, 2.27 port-to-bore area ratio, and a recessed bottom. The pointed-bottom SEN generates smaller level fluctuations at the meniscus, larger impingement pressure, deeper impingement, and more inclusion entrapment in the strand than the recess-bottom SEN. Mass balances of inclusions in the steel slag from slag and slab measurements show that around 20 pct of the alumina inclusions are removed from the steel into the mold slag. However, entrainment of the mold slag itself is a critical problem. Inclusions in the steel slabs increase twofold during ladle changes and tenfold during the start and end of a sequence. All of the findings in the current study are important for controlling slag entrainment.