柴油机智能故障诊断仪的硬件设计

介绍了一种基于CAN总线的柴油机智能故障诊断仪的硬件设计,通过对高性能处理器PIC18F458特点的分析,描述了诊断仪系统的一般硬件结构原理、功能和作用,以及其软件结构和设计方法,并通过了实测验证。     

瞬时转速测量系统的分析研究

给出一种磁电式内燃机瞬时转速测量的虚拟仪器 ,在简单介绍其工作原理和构成的基础上 ,详细分析了磁电式转速测量系统所固有的测量误差。     

基于虚拟仪器的汽轮机组远程监测与诊断分析系统研究

分析了建立汽轮机组状态远程监测与诊断分析系统的意义。提出采用虚拟仪器系统作为开发平台,构建汽轮机组的远程监测与诊断分析系统。在介绍虚拟仪器特点的基础上,对系统的监测参数、系统构成、系统功能等方面进行了详细论述。实践证明该系统具有很强的灵活性和可扩展性。     

光合光量子传感器校准的一些问题

介绍了光合光量子传感器的校准方法,只要有符合国家标准的辐照度标准灯,并用标准灯对适当级别的光谱辐射计进行校准后,就可在日光下供此类仪器定期校准之用.并证明了所介绍方法的实际可行性.由于LI-COR公司随LI-190型仪器发放的使用说明书中有关量子传感器的光谱响应曲线图前后不相一致,且未加说明,文中对此进行了重点论证和讨论.当前并不存在真正意义上的光量子传感器,实际所用的也只有能量传感器,以光量子单位表示的测量结果是经公式计算得出的.此外,还证明了量子单位测量结果与能量单位测量结果关系的一致性,如有需要,在校准时就可同时得出量子的和能量的两种灵敏度,从而免除了由于单位互换带来的误差.     

Digital data gathering for solar energy measurement

A new and inexpensive instrument is described which monitors, integrates and records the millivolt output of solar radiation meters and the design principles are given. Readouts are provided which indicate the instantaneous solar power, the running energy total and also the energy available over completed 1 hr, 1 day and 1 week intervals. The instrument has been in operation for over 12 months in Victoria, Australia and a set of weekly readings for this period is given. The accuracy of the recorded data is limited predominantly by the solar radiation meter itself.     

虚拟仪器在热工测量中的应用

介绍了虚拟仪器及其软件开发平台LabVIEW,构建了适用于热工测量的虚拟仪器系统,并对其进行了成功的应用,图2参3     

An optical profilometer for the characterisation of parabolic trough solar concentrators

An optical profilometer has been developed based on the idea that the large panels that compose solar-power concentrators and a tolerance threshold for slope-errors to some milliradians, can allow the use of a geometric-optics framework and the investigation of ray-paths by means of a laser beam. The instrument scheme is discussed in detail together with the related problems and the solutions adopted. Data analysis also makes use of an innovative method, based on the iterative application of a criterion about the intersection between the tangents of adjacent points, which allows a realistic profile of the reflector-surface to be drawn. The methodology adopted allows us to call our instrument a profilometer rather than an instrument that gives only information about the tangent of the profile. The instrument accuracy on profile and arctangent deviations from the ideal parabola is 20 μm and 15 μrad, respectively. The results obtained for a reflecting panel are also reported.     

基于DSP和USB接口的水轮机调速器测试仪的设计

介绍一种基于TMS320F2812 DSP芯片和USB接口的水轮机调速器测试仪的设计方法。该测试仪的软、硬件结构及功能不同于传统的测试系统,具有高度的灵活性和扩展性。     

Contribution of green labels in electricity retail markets to fostering renewable energy

In European countries, retailers are obliged to disclose the energy source and the related environmental impacts of their portfolio over the preceding year. The electricity supplied in the Dutch retail market is presented as renewable energy for 34%, but this relatively high share is for 69% based on certificates (Guarantees of Origin) which are imported from in particular Norway. The certificates are used to sell green electricity to consumers. The premium for green electricity which is actually paid by Dutch consumers is no more than a few percentages of the retail price. The low level of this premium is related to the abundant supply of certificates at low marginal costs from Norway. This also means that the premium for green electricity is too low to give an incentive for investments in new capacity. Hence, the current labelling system for renewable electricity is mainly valuable, besides being an instrument for tracking and tracing of renewable energy, as a marketing instrument for electricity retailers. The effectiveness of Guarantees of Origin as a policy instrument to foster renewable electricity sources is weak. This effectiveness can be raised by implementing restrictions on the international trade or the issuance of new certificates.     

Preparing for the Next Generation at Manitoba Hydro

This paper presents the design and implementation of a computer-based instrument to virtually monitor the quality of voltage, current and power in electric power systems. The proposed instrument is capable of performing online measurement functions, including data acquisition, display, and analysis, as well as data archiving. The analysis of concurrent voltage and current waveforms is performed using the wavelet packet transform (WPT) technique to provide the value of power quality (PQ) indices. In particular, the instrument also enables the display of both the temporal and spectral relationship of the original waveforms. Results of actual data are reported to validate the performance of the developed instrument.     

基于PC实现二次仪表型消光式烟度计的数据实时采集

通过对二次仪表的改造，实现了基于个人计算机的二次仪表型烟度计的数据实时采集，解决了二次仪表型烟度计不能反映摩托车瞬间排烟状况和数据采集不准的问题，并实现了软件的自校功能，弥补了二次仪表的自校缺陷；同时添加了数据的奇异性检验，消除了因试验环境的干扰所造成的奇异数据。采集数据可根据不同的试验方法进行数据处理、存盘与打印相关试验报告。     

Cosine response characteristics of some radiometric and photometric sensors

Global and diffuse irradiance and illuminance are measured with instruments that are assumed to have true cosine responses. From one refereed paper, some institutional reports, and by word-of-mouth, it is generally known that no instrument is perfect in this regard. This paper reports on measurements of cosine responses for several commercial instruments and on the cosine response of a multi-filter rotating shadowband radiometer. The measurements were made with an automated cosine response test bench using the same protocol for each instrument. The cosine bench measures with variable angular resolution as fine as 0.25°. The automated rotation is in one plane. A manual rotation allows measurements at other azimuths.     

Design and test of a stereoscopic X-radiographic observing and measuring instrument

The design and testing of a stereoscopic X-radiographic observation and measuring instrument are discussed. Its use with radiographic films is to ascertain the spatial locations and appearances of defects within a specimen. Its application makes possible three-dimensional assessment as opposed to two-dimensional assessment. The instrument is designed using the theory of parallax. It is simple in construction and proves effective in practice.     

内燃机瞬时转速的研究

内燃机运转中存在两类转速波动,即一个工作循环内的转速波动和相继循环间的转速变动.常用的转速表难以测定这些波动.本文介绍一种新测量仪器的原理,并分析了它的测量精度.该仪器曾在五种型号柴油机试验中应用,本文给出稳定工况、低速游车、突卸负载和起动过程等测量结果.     

钻井船仪表控制系统研制及硬件在环仿真测试

为有效提高钻井船生产过程火气安全切断的可靠性及船员的安全性,针对钻井船仪控系统工艺过程控制和安全切断的控制策略复杂度高,难以通过普通仪表测试,研制了具有网络冗余的分布式控制系统和采用具有安全等级的安全控制器搭建的钻井船安全仪表系统,并搭建了半物理仿真验证平台验证其控制逻辑的准确性。验证结果表明:该钻井船仪表控制系统样机的过程控制和安全系统的控制策略、关断策略安全有效,无线通讯和管理软件及报表分析、趋势预测等功能与实船需求相匹配;借助该仿真平台不仅可以优化控制效果还提高了测试效率。     

基于虚拟仪器的同步发电机励磁测试系统

利用研华PCL-818L数据采集卡、信号条理电路及计算机组成了同步发电机励磁测试系统的硬件平台,并基于LabV IEW 6.1软件,开发了测试系统的虚拟测试软件。试验结果表明,基于虚拟仪器的同步发电机励磁测试系统可准确、方便地进行同步发电机励磁系统测试数据的自动采集、存储和分析处理,从而为同步发电机励磁装置的自动测试和诊断奠定了基础。     

塔河油田固井质量评价影响因素分析

塔河油田主要采用声幅(CBL)及变密度(VDL)测井进行固井质量评价,此种评价方法存在多解性.同时,测井响应还受到固井质量之外的其他因素影响.如仪器刻度、仪器偏心、快速地层、多层套管、薄水泥环等.为减少仪器刻度和偏心对固井质量评价产生的影响,现场施工时,可收集一些同规格但不同井筒环境的自由套管刻度,选择量接近的井筒环境刻度值进行刻度;同时,在入井仪器上加装与套管内径匹配的扶正器,保证仪器在套管中处于居中位置.固井质量评价时,视具体情况,应参考固井、钻井裸眼井测井等有关数据,进行多信息综合评价.条件允许时,可采取SBT(扇区水泥胶结测井仪)等技术进行固井质量评价,该技术适用于大多数尺寸的套管,测量结果不受快地层、仪器偏心、井内流体性质或相对密度的影响、能够更加准确地获得第Ⅰ界面和第Ⅱ界面的胶结信息.     

紫外成像仪在750 kV输变电系统中的应用

根据750kV示范工程运行经验总结,主要对紫外成像仪在超高压输电工程绝缘检测中的应用做了理论性分析,介绍了目前正在电力系统推广使用的紫外成像仪的基本原理及其在750kV工程运行维护中的各种应用项目,主要是针对绝缘子绝缘能力的分析与研究。通过对绝缘子的扫描探测,可以得到图片或视频信息,以发现人肉眼不能直接观察到结构缺陷和表面轻微污秽,安排人员及时对绝缘子、金具等进行更换与清洗,保证设备的安全稳定运行。     

不依赖空气动力装置（AIP）排出气体中CO2浓度在线检测装置研制

根据闭式循环柴油机不依赖空气动力装置（CCDAIP）排出气体中CO2浓度在线检测的实际需求，结合CCDAIP排出气体测试的具体条件，研究了CO2浓度在线检测装置的系统构成特点，计算了确定了气水分离器等重要部件的结构参数，设计了CO2浓度在线检测流程，在国内首次研制出AIP排出气体成份在线检测装置。经CCDAIP排出气体吸收试验，表明CO2在线检测装置设计合理，测量精度等性能指标工程要求，解决了AIP排出气体CO2浓度在线检测技术关键。     

浑水下渗仪研制

根据西北地区灌溉水源多为含沙水的实际特点，介绍了自行研制的可用于含沙水流入渗试验的浑水下渗仪的结构及原理，经实际运用证明，该仪器精度高，稳定性好，泥沙不沉淀，容易操作，具有一定的应用价值。