毫米波AlGaN / GaN HEMT 交流特性研究

毫米波频段已经成为AlGaN/GaN HEMT研究的一个发展趋势。利用器件仿真软件TCAD,对AlGaN/GaN HEMT交流特性进行了研究。从势垒层的Al组分和厚度两个参数分析了器件特征频率变化趋势。用TCAD仿真得到的AlGaN/GaN HEMT器件本征S参数,在ADS中添加器件的非本征参数,得到器件仿真的频率特性。在器件设计的基础上,进行了器件版图设计和流片,并测量了器件频率特性。测试和仿真结果的对比表明两者较为一致,表明器件仿真的有效性和指导意义。     

AlGaN/GaN异质结构中的极化工程

从自洽求解薛定谔方程和泊松方程出发,研究了AlGaN/GaN量子阱电子气密度随Al组份比、势垒层厚度和栅压的变化,比较了能带带阶和极化电荷对沟道阱能带和电子气特性的影响,研究了在势垒层和缓冲层中夹入AlN及InGaN薄层的作用,计算了AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN双异质结的能带,最后探讨了势垒层能带的优化设计,提出了剪裁势垒层能带来钝化表面的新方法。     

AlGaN/GaN横向肖特基势垒二极管的仿真与制作

基于GaN横向肖特基势垒二极管(SBD)的频率特性和应用的需要,设计了一种基于AlGaN/GaN异质结的横向SBD.利用Silvaco Atlas软件研究了 AlGaN势垒层的厚度和Al摩尔组分对异质结AlχGaN1-χ/GaN SBD电学性能的影响.仿真结果表明,SBD器件截止频率随Al摩尔组分的增加先增大再减小,当AlχGaN,1-χ层中Al摩尔组分为0.2～0.25,其厚度为20～30nm时,AlGaN/GaN SBD器件的频率特性最好.在仿真的基础上,设计制作出了肖特基接触直径为2 μm的非凹槽和凹槽型AlGaN/GaN横向空气桥SBD.通过直流I-V[测试和射频S参数测试,提取了两种SBD器件的理想因子、串联电阻、结电容、截止频率和品质因子等关键参数,该平面 SBD可应用于片上集成和混合集成的太赫兹电路的设计与制造.     

AlGaN/GaN HEMT势垒层厚度影响的模拟及优化

完成了对AlGaN/GaN高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)的结构设计及器件物理特性的验证等工作.使用TCAD软件完成了该器件直流特性及微波特性等性能的模拟.建立该器件的极化效应模型是本项研究的重点.完成了对异质结条件下诸多模型参数的筛选及修正,得到了符合理论的模拟结果.器件特性的验证与优化基于势垒层厚度h的变化展开,研究...     

子阱及非对称势垒对GaN RTD电学特性的影响

利用Silvaco软件对Al0.2Ga0.8N/GaN共振隧穿二极管(RTD)进行仿真,重点研究了InGaN子量子阱结构及相应非对称势垒结构设计对其电流特性的影响。对比分析了子量子阱结构中InGaN的In组分和子阱厚度对RTD微分负阻(NDR)特性的影响,得出了提升器件性能的最佳参数范围。为了克服Al0.2Ga0.8N/GaN RTD势垒低对器件电流峰谷比(PVCR)的影响,在子量子阱结构的基础上引入了非对称势垒结构设计,通过改变收集区侧势垒的高度和厚度,将AlGaN/GaN的Ip和PVCR由基本结构的0.42 A和1.25,提高到了0.583 A和5.01,实现了器件性能的优化,并为今后的器件研制提供了设计思路。     

一种对称极化掺杂增强型高压GaN HFET

针对传统AlGaN/GaN HFET击穿电压远低于理论值,以及阈值电压与开态电流之间存在制约关系的问题,提出一种对称极化掺杂增强型高压GaN HFET。采用Al组分对称渐变的AlGaN势垒层,因极化梯度分别在正向渐变AlGaN层和逆向渐变AlGaN层中诱导产生了三维电子气(3DEG)和三维空穴气(3DHG)。利用3DHG,阻断了源极与3DEG之间的纵向导通沟道,实现了新的增强型模式。同时,正向渐变AlGaN层的高浓度3DEG显著提升了器件输出电流。器件关断时,极化电荷形成的极化结有助于耗尽漂移区,优化了电场分布,提升了器件耐压。与传统AlGaN/GaN HFET相比,新器件的击穿电压从39 V提高至919 V,饱和漏电流提升了103.5%。     

GaN基HEMT器件抗逆压电性能研究

可靠性问题是GaN基HEMT器件走向实用化的关键,逆压电效应导致器件退化是近年来比较引人瞩目的理论之一。对于GaN基HEMT器件,当其承受外加电场时,由于逆压电效应,电场最终转化成弹性势能。当电场足够大,突破势垒层材料所能承受的临界弹性势能,势垒层材料就会发生松弛。根据逆压电效应导致器件退化机理,从弹性势能的角度出发,对低Al组分AlGaN势垒层、InAlN势垒层和AlGaN背势垒等三种结构进行理论分析。分析表明,三种结构均能较大程度地改善GaN基HEMT器件的抗逆压电能力,从而提高器件可靠性。     

RF-MBE生长的高Al势垒层AlGaN/GaN HEMT结构

采用RF-MBE技术,在蓝宝石衬底上生长了高Al组分势垒层AlGaN/GaN HEMT结构.用三晶X射线衍射分析得到AlGaN势垒层的Al组分约为43%,异质结构晶体质量较高,界面比较光滑.变温霍尔测量显示此结构具有良好的电学性能,室温时电子迁移率和电子浓度分别高达1246cm2/(V·s)和1.429×1013cm-2,二者的乘积为1.8×1016V-1·s-1.用此材料研制的器件,直流特性得到了提高,最大漏极输出电流为1.0A/mm,非本征跨导为218mS/mm.结果表明,提高AlGaN势垒层Al的组分有助于提高AlGaN/GaN HEMT结构材料的电学性能和器件性能.     

氧等离子体对GaNHEMT器件的影响

研究了不同条件下氧等离子体对GaN器件表面的影响。在合适的条件下,氧等离子体可以使AlGaN表面发生氧化,形成Al2O3薄氧化膜,提高肖特基势垒,从而降低GaN器件的阈值电压,提高器件导通电流。该结果可望用于更高性能AlGaN/GaN HEMT器件制备的应用中。     

蓝宝石衬底上生长AlGaN/AlN结构的应变分析

采用低温和高温AlN复合缓冲层的方法在蓝宝石衬底上外延生长AlGaN/AlN结构,并进行了应变分析.通过X射线双晶衍射ω-2θ扫描曲线和拟合曲线分析发现,AlN是由两个不同弛豫度的应变缓冲层组成,弛豫度分别为96%和97.2%.AlN缓冲层在低温下不完全弛豫,导致高温下存在一个继续弛豫过程.X射线双晶衍射和透射光谱分析发现,AlGaN层Al组分由于未知的AlGaN弛豫度而无法确定.对AlGaN带隙公式和实验结果进行拟合,推算出弯曲系数为1.05 eV,这与已有文献相吻合.     

MOCVD-Grown AlGaN Buffer GaN HEMTs With V-Gates for Microwave Power Applications

We report the performance of AlGaN buffer GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. GaN HEMTs on high-quality AlGaN buffer were grown on SiC substrates. The incorporation of an AlGaN buffer into the GaN HEMT significantly improves channel confinement and suppresses the short-channel effect. Advanced deep-recess V-gate structures were employed to optimize the device for better microwave power performance. With a 10-nm GaN channel layer sandwiched between the AlGaN barrier and buffer, excellent power performance was achieved. The output power density is 13.1 W/mm, and the associated power-added efficiency is 72% at 4-GHz frequency and 48-V drain bias. This power performance is comparable to the state-of-the-art GaN HEMTs grown on GaN buffers, indicating that the AlGaN buffer in our optimized device structure does not introduce any noticeable trapping.      

Comparison of electrical characteristics between AlGaN/GaN and lattice-matched InAlN/GaN heterostructure Schottky barrier diodes

Lattice-matched Pt/Au–In_0.17Al_0.83N/GaN hetreojunction Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) with circular planar structure have been fabricated. The electrical characteristics of InAlN/GaN SBD, such as two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) density, turn-on voltage, Schottky barrier height, reverse breakdown voltage and the forward current-transport mechanisms, are investigated and compared with those of a conventional AlGaN/GaN SBD. The results show that, despite the higher Schottky barrier height, more dislocations in InAlN layer causes a larger leakage current and lower reverse breakdown voltage than the AlGaN/GaN SBD. The emission microscopy images of past-breakdown device suggest that a horizontal premature breakdown behavior attributed to the large leakage current happens in the InAlN/GaN SBD, differing from the vertical breakdown in the AlGaN/GaN SBD.     

栅槽刻蚀工艺对增强型GaN HEMT器件性能的影响

基于凹槽栅增强型氮化镓高电子迁移率晶体管(GaN HEMT)研究了不同的栅槽刻蚀工艺对GaN器件性能的影响。在栅槽刻蚀方面,采用了一种感应耦合等离子体(ICP)干法刻蚀技术与高温热氧化湿法刻蚀技术相结合的两步法刻蚀技术,将AlGaN势垒层全部刻蚀掉,制备出了阈值电压超过3 V的增强型Al_2O_3/AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMT器件。相比于传统的ICP干法刻蚀技术,两步法是一种低损伤的自停止刻蚀技术,易于控制且具有高度可重复性,能够获得更高质量的刻蚀界面,所制备的器件增强型GaN MIS-HEMT器件具有阈值电压回滞小、电流开关比(I_ON/I_OFF)高、栅极泄漏电流小、击穿电压高等特性。     

Time-dependent degradation of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures grown on silicon carbide

The AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) were grown on 4H-SiC substrates by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) with a range of Al compositions (30–35%) and AlGaN barrier thicknesses. Films with higher strains exhibited a time-dependent degradation of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) that varied from days to weeks. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of the degraded films revealed a hexagonal cracking pattern with an increase in the medium-scale surface roughness. The localized strain relaxation of AlGaN barriers and increased roughness of the AlGaN/GaN interface and AlGaN surface result in a broad shoulder at the lower angle of the AlGaN peak and a loss of satellite fringes in the (0006) reflection x-ray diffraction (XRD) curve. This degradation raises serious questions with regard to reliability and survivability of AlGaN HFETs and may complicate device fabrication.     

An AlN/Ultrathin AlGaN/GaN HEMT Structure for Enhancement-Mode Operation Using Selective Etching

A novel device structure incorporating an ultrathin AlGaN barrier layer capped by an AlN layer in the source–drain access regions has been implemented to reliably control threshold voltage in AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors. A recessed-gate structure has been used to decrease 2-D electron gas (2DEG) density under the gate, thus controlling threshold voltage while maintaining low on-resistance and high current density. The structure presented in this letter implements an ultrathin AlGaN structure grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition capped with AlN to maintain a high 2DEG density in the access regions. A selective wet etch using heated photoresist developer is used to selectively etch the AlN layer in the gate region to the AlGaN barrier. We have demonstrated a repeatable threshold voltage of $+$ 0.21 V with 4-nm AlGaN barrier layer thickness.      

AlGaN/GaN 高电子迁移率晶体管在施加阶梯电压应力之后的参数和特性自变化机制

研究了在AlGaN/GaN高电子迁移率晶体管的栅极施加阶梯电压应力之后器件参数和特性的自变化现象。在去除应力之后每5分钟测量一次器件。大信号寄生源（漏）电阻、转移特性、阈值电压、漏源电流、栅-源（漏）反向电流-电压特性在去除应力后发生自发变化。自变化的时间常数大约为25-27分钟。在该过程里,栅-源（漏）电容-电压特性保持稳定。当器件被施加应力时,电子被表面态和AlGaN势垒层陷阱捕获。AlGaN势垒层陷阱所捕获的电子在10秒内释放了出去。表面态释放电子持续发生在整个测量过程中,导致了测量结果的自变化现象。