FBG-based ultrasonic wave detection and acoustic emission linear location system

The ultrasonic (US) wave detection and an acoustic emission (AE) linear location system are proposed, which employ fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) as US wave sensors. In the theoretical analysis, the FBG sensor response to longitudinal US wave is investigated. The result indicates that the FBG wavelength can be modulated as static case when the grating length is much shorter than US wavelength. The experimental results of standard sinusoidal and spindle wave test agree well with the generated signal. Further research using two FBGs for realizing linear location is also achieved. The maximum linear location error is obtained as less than 5 mm. FBG-based US wave sensor and AE linear location provide useful tools for specific requirements.     

Two Improvements in Grover＇s Algorithm

When the current Grover algorithm is applied to searching some targets in an unsorted quantum database, the differences of the significance for each target are not taken into consideration. When the targets are more than a quarter of the total items, the probability of finding targets rapidly falls with the increase of the targets, and when the targets are more than half of the total items, the algorithm will be invalidated. Aiming at these problems, flrstly, an improvement based on the weighted targets is proposed in which each target is endowed a weight coefficient according to its significance. Using these different weight coefficients, we give a quantum superposition of all target states, which may make the probability for each target equal to its weight coefficient. Secondly, an improved phase matching is proposed in which two directions of phase rotation are same, and two magnitudes are determined by the inner product of the superposition of target states and the initial system state. When this inner product is more than 1/2, using the improved phase matching. The targets can be found with a probability of 100% and by the only one Grover iteration. Finally, the validity of these measures is validated by a simple searching example.     

A Novel Temperature-Compensated, Intensity-Modulated Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor System

An intensity-modulated, fiber Bragg grating （FBG） sensor system based on radio-frequency （RF） signal measurement is presented. The RF signal is generated at a photodetector by two modulated optical signals reflected from the sensing FBG and a reference one. Bragg wavelength shift of the sensing FBG changes intensity of the RF signal by changing phase difference between the two optical signals, with temperature effect being compensated automatically by the reference FBG, Strain measurement with a maximum sensitivity of -0.34 μV/με has been achieved.     

Digital Cross-Correlation Detection of Multi-Laser Beams Measuring System for Wind Field Detection

A cross-correlation detection method to process backscatter signals of multi-laser beams measuring(MLBM) is presented,which can be firstly filtered by the digital filter composed of average median filter and finite impulse response(FIR) digital filter.The processing of backscatter signals using single-pulse and three-pulse cross-correlation detection methods is depicted in detail.From calculation results,the multi-pulse cross-correlation detection could effectively improve signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).Finally,both wind velocity and direction are determined by the peak-delay method based on the correlation function which shows high measuring precision and high SNR of the MLBM system with the assistance of the digital cross-correlation detection.     

Interrogating a Fiber Bragg Grating Vibration Sensor by Narrow Line Width Light

A method to interrogate fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor by narrow line width light is demonstrated. The interrogation scheme takes advantage of the intensity modulation of narrow spectral bandwidth light, such as distributed feedback laser, when a reflection or transmission spectrum curve of an fiber Bragg grating （FBG） moves due to the strain which is applied on the sensor. The sensor＇s response to accelerating frequency and amplitude is measured by experiment. The factors which have impacts on the sensitivity of the interrogation system are also discussed.     

Performance analysis and simulation of OCDMA system based on FBGs encoder/decoder

The encoding/decoding scheme based on Fiber Bragg Grating （FBG） for Optical Code Division Multiple Access （OCDMA） system is analyzed and the whole process from transmitting end to receiving end is researched in detail. The mathematical mode including signal transmission, summing, receiving and recovering are established respectively. One of the main sources of Bit Error Rate （BER） of OCDMA system based on FBGs is the unevenness of signal power spectrum, which leads to the chip powers unequal with each other. The Signal to Interfere Ratio （SIR） and BER performance of the system are studied and simulated at the case with uneven distribution of chips＇ powers.     

Modulating nitric oxide levels in dorsal root ganglion neurons of rat with low-level laser therapy

A novel fiber Bragg grating(FBG)rain gauge is proposed in this paper to achieve high precision rainfall measurement.One core sensitive FBG,a temperature compensation FBG and a mechanical transition system construct this novel FBG rain gauge.Sensing principle of this FBG rain gauge is explained in detail,and its theoretical calculation model is also established,which shows that the relationship between center wavelength of sensitive FBG and external rainfall has very good linearity.To verify its detection performance,the calibration experiment on one prototype of this FBG rain gauge is carried out.After experiment data analysis,the detection precision of this FBG rain gauge is 15.4μm which is almost two orders of magnitude higher than that of the existing rainfall measurement device.The experimental data confirm that this FBG rain gauge can achieve rainfall measurement with high precision.     

Re-modulated technology of WDM-PON employing different DQPSK downstream signals

This paper proposes a kind of modulation architecture for wavelength-division-multiplexing passive optical network(WDM-PON)employing optical differential quadrature phase shift keying(DQPSK)downstream signals and two different modu-lation formats of re-modulated upstream signals.At the optical line terminal(OLT),10 Gbit/s signal is modulated with DQPSK.At the optical network unit(ONU),part of the downstream signal is re-modulated with on-off keying(OOK)or inverse-return-to-zero(IRZ).Simulation results show the impact on the system employing NRZ,RZ and carrier-suppressed return-to-zero(CSRZ).The analyses also reflect that the architecture can restrain chromatic dispersion and channel crosstalk,which makes it the best architecture of access network in the future.     

Study on reflection characteristics of underwater target and laser echo power

For the design of the underwater laser detection system, the echo power equation of underwater target is derived, and the effects of water’s attenuation coefficient and incident angle on target’s echo power are analyzed. The bidirectional reflection distribution function(BRDF) of the single-station model is used to study the reflection characteristics of the target. The influence of the correlation coefficients of specular and diffuse reflection components on the reflected light intensity of special axisymmetric targets is studied. The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) values of three types of target under different surface BRDF are given. The simulation results show that the larger the attenuation coefficient is, the smaller the echo power received, and the incidence angle is closer to 90°, the echo power is equal to 0. A smaller surface slope or a larger diffuse reflected coefficient will cause a smaller reflected intensity.     

Implementation of Dynamic System Control Circuit Board Test System of Pure Electric Vehicles

The dynamic system control circuit board(DSCCB)is one of the most important components for dynamic system of pure electric vehicles. The current detection of the DSCCB is done manually, which is not only inefficient in the detection but also difficult to guarantee the data accuracy. In order to improve the detection efficiency and accuracy, a new testing system is designed by Labview. The total test time can be further reduced by about 75% compared with the results of the manual detection. In this paper, the three-parameter sine wave curve-fit algorithm theory is applied to the phase delay detection of the current sensor sampling circuit on the DSCCB. This method solves the problem of big error in the phase delay detection.     

具有温度补偿功能的双匹配FBG振动传感系统研究

为了提高光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)振动传感系统的 解调灵敏度和解调范围,消除环境温度对解调信号的影响,设计了一种具有 温度补偿功能的双匹配FBG振动传感系统。系统采用两个中心波长对称地位于传 感FBG两侧的透射式匹配FBG,建立 了两个互补对称的传感通道,并利用差分原理实现振动传感。通过Matlab软件对系统性能进 行了仿真分析,结果表明,与传 统方法相比,本文方法有效地提高了系统解调灵敏度和解调范围。将匹配FBG与热电制冷器( TEC)集成封装,并建立温度补偿判断通道,当 判断通道输出电压超过已设置好的阈值时,利用TEC改变封装环境温度,使匹配FBG 与传感FBG中心波长重新匹配, 实现系统温度补偿。经实验测试,系统的归一化解调灵敏度为5.168/ nm,解调范围为1.2nm,判断通道的归一化阈值电压 为0.890。在4种不同环境温度下,利用本系统 对同一振动信号进行测量,实验结果验证了系统温度补偿的可行性。     

基于自外差探测的多光纤光栅远程传感系统

提出并实验证明了一种基于自外差探测和波长扫描技术的光纤布拉格光栅远距离传感系统。该系统将远程光纤光栅阵列的反射信号光与本地参考光进行差频探测,并通过声光调制器对探测光的频移及脉冲进行调制,有效地提高了系统的探测灵敏度和传感距离。在没有放大的情况下,在171km的探测距离处,光纤光栅传感器的反射布拉格波长信号的信噪比达到33dB。该系统可以准确地绘制出远端光纤光栅阵列的反射谱,实验结果显示两个光纤光栅的布拉格波长与温度均成良好的线性关系,且传感灵敏度为11pm/℃。     

光纤光栅应力传感器信号检测中双值问题的研究

介绍了采用匹配光纤布拉格光栅解调法(detector FBG)进行强度解调的基本原理，选择反射谱与传感光纤布拉格光栅(sensor FBG)反射谱部分重叠的解调光栅，通过探测解调光栅反射光强的变化进行解调。对这种光栅匹配解调法引起的反射光功率与应力为高斯函数而不是线性对应的问题——双值问题进行了研究，提出了一种新颖的多档光栅并联解调的解决方案，选择并联解调光栅的中心波长和带宽，从而实现所传感的应力与探测到的光功率之间的线性对应，并建立理论模型进行了模拟，从理论上进行了公式推导。最后以两档光栅并联解调为例，用实验证明了该方案切实可行，同时达到的传感范围为522με，测量精度为2．6με。     

一种同时测量温度和应变的光纤光栅传感器

报道了一种新型实用的用单根光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)实现温度和应变分离传感的技术。当光纤光栅一部分包层直径变小时，整个光栅可以看成由两个周期相同但直径不同的子光栅连接而成。理沦分析和实验都证实了这两个子光栅具有相同的温度敏感性和不同的应变敏感性．由此实现光纤光栅传感器中温度和应变两参数的分离测量，而且这两个子光栅的中心波长间距可以直接测量应变大小．温度变化不影响所测量的应变值。实验中光栅的一部分包层直径被HF酸腐蚀到82μm．获得了两子光栅应变响应系数分别为0．00201nm/με．0．000858nm/με，二峰间距的应变响应系数为0．00116nm／με．二峰的温度响应系数均为0．01nm/℃的测量结果．依据这些结果可以对温度和应变进行同时分离测量。     

用于产生ps量级双脉冲的光纤光栅

设计了一种用于ps级单脉冲变换到双脉冲的光纤光栅(FBG)。依据傅立叶光学理论,数值模拟了光脉冲经不同强度光栅反射后的输出光脉冲的特性,随着光栅强度的增加,输出脉冲间的强度差别变大,但输出光脉冲具有与输入光脉冲相同的谱形和脉宽。设计出的FBG折射率调制函数是sinc函数的叠加。当FBG是弱光栅满足一阶波恩近似时,光脉冲经光栅反射后的输出双脉冲具有相同的强度,且谱形和脉宽与输入脉冲相同。在强光栅情况下,改变光栅折射率调制sinc函数的相对强度,仍然可以使输出双脉冲具有相同的强度。     

光纤Bragg光栅滤波响应的轴向分布特性研究

为揭示光纤Bragg光栅（FBG）的局部滤波特征,研究和分析了滤波响应沿光栅轴向的空间分布规律。从均匀、切趾和啁啾型等基本光纤Bragg光栅（FBG）类型出发,分析了反射带滤波光场沿轴向的分布规律。结果表明,均匀型FBG中,光场反射多集中在前1/2个光栅长度内,呈现非对称性;切趾型FBG中,光场反射在光栅长度内的均匀性...     

A Novel Temperature-Compensated,IntensityModulated Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor System

An intensity-modulated, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on radio-frequency (RF) signal measurement is presented. The RF signal is generated at a photodetector by two modulated optical signals reflected from the sensing FBG and a reference one. Bragg wavelength shift of the sensing FBG changes intensity of the RF signal by changing phase difference between the two optical signals, with temperature effect being compensated automatically by the reference FBG. Strain measurement with a maximum sensitivity of -0.34 V/ has been achieved.     

一种新型具有温度补偿功能的光纤光栅交流电流互感器

为了消除温度对实现电流测量的影响,提出了一种具有温度补偿 功能的光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)交流电流互感器。利用两个FBG和超磁致伸缩材料(GMM)组成的 传感单元分别放置在两个相邻对称的铁磁回中,并加上两个方向相反的直流偏置磁场,利用 匹配检测方法对两只FBG进行解调,实现交流的测量。测量结果表明,在温度的影响下,系 统的静态工作点几乎未发生变化,在线性区测得最大电流为93.78A , 可获得1.68%的满量程精度。这种FBG电流传感器不仅可以测量交流电 流,也可以实现直流电流的测量。     

Absolute strain measurement using an in-fibre-Bragg-grating-basedFabry-Perot sensor

A novel method far achieving both large dynamic range and high resolution for static strain measurement is proposed and demonstrated. This method is based on the combination of two in-fibre Bragg gratings (FBG) and an all-fibre Fabry-Perot interferometric sensor (FFPI) formed by the two FBGs. The FFPI is used to carry out high-resolution strain measurement via phase detection of the interferometric signal while the wavelength shift of the two FBGs forming the FFPI is used for determining the fringe number of the interferometric signal