天然橡胶瓦斯球的研制

对产品用材料、配合剂的选择和生产工艺进行了多次试验，并不断改进配方，使产品多年来满足了用户的需要。     

发泡剂H的活化机理及其对天然橡胶发泡的影响

研究发泡剂H与尿素的相互作用机理以及两者并用对天然橡胶(NR)硫化和发泡的影响。结果表明:发泡剂H与尿素并用时的分解历程与它们各自单用时不同,两者反应温度在130～180℃之间,峰值温度约为150℃;发泡剂H/尿素并用比在等当量或尿素稍过量时效果最佳,两者对NR的硫化都有明显的促进作用;尿素的分散性对发泡体的泡孔均匀性影响显著。     

发泡剂对EPDM海绵性能的影响

采用模压一步法制备EPDM海绵。研究发泡剂品种和用量对其性能的影响。结果表明，以发泡剂AC，OBSH或H制备EPDM海绵，最佳用量分别为5，5和3份；发泡剂用量为5份时，以发泡剂H制备的EPDM海绵发泡倍率最大。以发泡剂AC／OBSH，AC／H或OBSH／H并用制备EPDM海绵，最佳并用量分别为5，4和2份；发泡剂并用量为5份时，以发泡剂AC／OBSH并用制备的EPDM海绵发泡倍率最大。扫描电子显微镜观察发现．以发泡剂AC／OBSH井用制备的EPDM海绵微孔分散均匀。     

SY—P3A粉状发泡胶的研制

介绍了ＳＹ－Ｐ３Ａ粉状发泡胶的组份选择、工艺特性、主要性能以及在飞机上的应用情况。     

天然橡胶发泡材料的压缩行为与能量吸收特性

用发泡剂N,N′-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺(简称发泡剂H)制备了天然橡胶(NR)发泡材料,研究了不同密度的NR发泡材料的压缩行为和能量吸收特性。结果表明,随着发泡剂H用量的增加,NR发泡材料的密度与硬度均降低;NR发泡材料的压缩应力-应变曲线有2个阶段:线性弹性阶段和致密化阶段;随着发泡材料密度的减小,线性弹性区变宽,相对弹性模量降低。在应力较小的时候,密度小的NR发泡材料吸收能量较多,在应力较高的时候,密度大的NR发泡材料吸收能量多。随着发泡材料密度的减小,其吸能效率最大值与理想参数最大值提高。     

EPDM发泡海绵制品

该文阐述了含有双环戊二烯的EPDM与有机过氧化物、有机发泡剂配合,制成发泡倍率为3.0的EPDM高倍发泡海绵制品.该发泡海绵耐热性优异.发泡倍率高,交联、发泡时的预热时间大为缩短.     

发泡剂对EPDM发泡橡胶性能的影响

采用热空气自由发泡制备EPDM发泡橡胶,研究发泡剂品种和用量对其性能的影响。结果表明,以发泡剂OBSH、AC和H制备EPDM发泡橡胶时,它们的最佳用量分别为10份、15份和10份;当发泡剂用量为10份时,以发泡剂OBSH制备的EPDM发泡橡胶发泡倍率最大。观察发泡橡胶内部结构发现,用发泡剂OBSH制备的EPDM的发泡橡胶内部泡孔结构较均匀、孔径最小。     

发泡剂对EPDM海绵性能的影响

采用热空气自由发泡制备EPDM海绵,研究发泡剂品种和用量对其性能的影响。结果表明,以发泡剂AC、OBSH和H制备EPDM海绵,最佳用量分别为15、10和10份;当发泡剂用量为10份时,以发泡剂OBSH制备的EPDM海绵发泡倍率最大。     

NR发泡胶的抗菌性能研究

试验研究几种抗菌剂对NR发泡胶性能的影响.结果表明,在NR发泡胶中加入抗菌剂可以提高硫化胶的耐压缩永久变形性能,对其它物理性能影响不大;无机抗菌剂XT-02的抗菌效果良好,而有机抗菌剂XT-11的抗菌效果更显著;加入2份有机抗菌剂XT-11即可提高NR发泡胶的抗菌性能;抗菌剂XT-11/XT-02用量比为1.5/2时,NR发泡胶的抗菌性能较好。     

纳米氧化锌在天然橡胶发泡中的活化作用

以天然橡胶(NR)为基体,偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)为发泡剂,比较了纳米氧化锌和普通氧化锌对NR纯胶和NR混炼胶发泡的活化作用,并研究了纳米氧化锌对NR发泡胶料硫化的影响。结果表明,粒径较小且分布均匀的纳米氧化锌无论是在NR纯胶还是在NR混炼胶中,都能使AC的分解峰值温度低于用粒径较大的普通氧化锌活化时AC的分解峰值温度,且随着纳米氧化锌用量的增加,AC的分解峰温逐渐下降;在NR发泡胶料中,2份纳米氧化锌可达到甚至超过5份普通氧化锌的硫化效果。     

加工工艺对发泡橡胶结构的影响

通过对不同配方的混炼胶门尼粘度、发泡剂用量与所得发泡橡胶微孔尺寸及微孔间隙关系的分析，讨论了加工工艺对天然及丁腈发泡橡胶结构的影响。其中混炼胶的门尼粘度对发泡橡胶尺寸的影响有较强的规律。发泡橡胶微孔单元内外压差与尺寸的关系和这一规律有很大的相似性。为调节工艺来获得所需结构的发泡橡胶提供了一种可行的方法。     

液体天然橡胶氧化降解制备工艺的比较

采用了3种新的降解体系硝基苯-过氧化氢、过硫酸钾-丙醛和高碘酸制备液体天然橡胶(LNR),并与传统的降解剂苯肼进行了对比.通过正交实验考察了降解剂用量、温度、时间等对粘均相对分子质量(Mη)的影响,并通过红外光谱对降解后橡胶分子的结构进行了探讨,得到最佳降解体系.结果表明:高碘酸降解所得LNR结构单一稳定,当其用量为干胶质量的0.3％、30℃下反应6h可得到Mη为13 067的LNR,高碘酸是最佳的天然橡胶降解剂.     

高起泡性和稳泡性蛋白基发泡剂的研制

以碱性蛋白酶催化水解明胶制备了发泡剂母液，并与十二烷基苯磺酸钠和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠复配，制得多种新型蛋白基发泡剂。基于气泡指标对这些发泡剂进行初选，并利用初选后的发泡剂制备气泡混合轻质土试样，测定了试样的密度。结合气泡性能指标和试样密度确定的性能最优的发泡剂配方是自制发泡剂F-6（明胶10%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠11.4%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠12.6%）和F-7（明胶10%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠7.8%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠15.4%）。这两种发泡剂的1 h消泡占比分别为52.52%和53.18%，发泡倍数分别为82.61和81.66，综合性能优于一般市售发泡剂，且制出的试样密度较小，强度可达4MPa，完全满足工程要求。     

Preparation and characterization of organoclay nanocomposites based on natural rubber

Rubber compounds based on natural rubber (NR) reinforced with octadecylamine‐modified bentonite have been prepared via a vulcanization process and characterized by several techniques. The silicate nanolayers are exfoliated and uniformly dispersed in the polymer chains. Monsanto measurements have shown that the organoclay accelerates the vulcanization reaction and, furthermore, gives rise to a marked increase of the torque, indicating that the elastomer becomes more crosslinked in the presence of the organoclay. These results were corrobated by swelling measurements since a noticeable increase in the curing degree was observed when the organoclay was added to the rubber recipe. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters have shown an increase in the structural order of the nanocomposite. In addition, thermal analysis supports the assumption that the degree of curing of the elastomer increases when the organoclay is added to the elastomer. An appreciable increase of the involved heat during the curing reaction has been observed. Moreover, the T_g of the NR increases in the presence of the organoclay due to the confinement of the elastomer segment into the organoclay nanolayers, which restricts the mobility of the chains. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

一种角蛋白发泡液的制备

以猪蹄甲为原料制备发泡液。采用响应面法对影响猪蹄甲角蛋白发泡液泡沫稳泡时间的4个主要影响因素(亚硫酸氢钠质量浓度、反应温度、反应时间、反应体系pH)进行优化,结果表明,当亚硫酸氢钠质量浓度37.06 g/L、水解温度75.4℃、水解时间6.06 h、反应体系pH=5.54时,稳泡时间最大,最大预测值32.18 h,实际测得平均稳泡时间为32 h,与模型理论预测值相比相对误差在0.57%,所以采用响应面法优化得到的参数准确可靠,具有实用价值。     

Preparation and thermal stability of brominated natural rubber from latex

The effects of pH value of reaction system, reaction time, reaction temperature, bromine concentration, and amount of potassium persulfate on the bromination reaction in the preparation of brominated natural rubber (BNR) from natural rubber latex were discussed. It has been found from the thermal analysis, that is, the thermal degradation of BNR in nitrogen is a two‐step reaction, and 16% carbonide with a stable structure remained at 470–650°C. The thermo‐oxidative degradation of BNR in air is also a two‐step reaction, and the percentage of degraded BNR reaches to nearly 100% at 600°C. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Thermal behavior of natural rubber and chlorinated rubber blends

A solid-state chemical reaction occurs when a solvent cast film of a blend of masticated natural rubber and chlorinated natural rubber is heated in the presence of air at 150°C. The thermal behavior of solvent cast films of chlorinated natural rubber, masticated natural rubber, and a 1 : 1 w/w blend (2% w/v in xylene) of these two polymers has been studied using differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. The results suggest that carbonyl groups are incorporated into the blend on heating and that the vinyl functionality of the isoprene units is modified during this apparent oxidation. Heating for 2 h at 150°C results in a material that no longer contains the rubber-like cis-1,4-polyisoprene units. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65: 1379–1384, 1997     

Cure characteristics and mechanical properties of hydrogenated natural rubber/natural rubber blends

The cure characteristics and mechanical properties of blends consisting of hydrogenated natural rubber (HNR) and natural rubber (NR) blends were investigated. The HNR/NR blends at 50/50 wt ratio were vulcanized using various cure systems: peroxide vulcanization, conventional vulcanization with peroxide, and efficient vulcanization with peroxide. The HNR/NR vulcanizates cured by the combination of peroxide and sulfur donor (tetramethylthiuram disulfide, TMTD) in the efficient vulcanization with peroxide exhibited the best mechanical properties. It was also found that the hydrogenation level of HNR did not affect the tensile strength of the vulcanizates. The tensile strength of the blends decreased with increasing HNR content because of the higher incompatibility to cause the noncoherency behavior between NR and HNR. However, the HNR/NR vulcanizate at 50/50 wt ratio showed the maximum ultimate elongation corresponding to a co‐continuous morphology as attested to by scanning electron micrographs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Effect of non‐rubber substances on vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber

Effect of non‐rubber components on vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber was studied with the use of a Rheometer MDR‐2000. The results show that the rate constants of induction period and curing period of natural rubber (NR) are greater than that of natural rubber extracted with acetone (NR_E), and the activation energies of induction period and curing period of NR are lower than that of NR_E. The activation energy of induction period of NR is reduced by16.9% and the activation energy of curing period of NR is reduced by 3.2% compared to the activation energies of NR_E. The time t_dis of NR is shorter than that of NR_E at the same temperature. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012