白炭黑形态和官能度对冬季轮胎性能的影响(一)

本研究的目的是用动态力学分析预测标准冬季轮胎胎面胶的微观滞后损失性能。胎面胶配方中的弹性体配比(溶聚丁苯橡胶、聚丁二烯/天然橡胶)、白炭黑表面积和填充量、白炭黑与炭黑的配比对预测的冬季轮胎性能有很大影响。高聚丁二烯含量可提供理想的冬季轮胎性能;添加天然橡胶可提高暖天气干路面牵引力;添加溶聚丁苯橡胶可以降低滚动阻力;溶聚丁苯橡胶与天然橡胶并用可改善湿路面引牵引力。另外,添加较高填充量的较低表面积白炭黑(例如Hi-Sil EZ90G-D)可以提高各种冬季轮胎性能。     

稀土顺丁橡胶/丁苯橡胶并用对半钢子午线轮胎胎面胶性能的影响

研究稀土顺丁橡胶(NdBR)/丁苯橡胶并用对半钢子午线轮胎胎面胶性能的影响。结果表明:含BR9110A,BR9110B和BRCB24(3种NdBR)的胶料性能基本接近;用乳聚丁苯橡胶部分替代溶聚丁苯橡胶和NdBR,可以改善胶料的生热性能,提高抗切割性能和抗湿滑性能;采用母炼胶工艺可以明显改善胶料的综合物理性能,提高抗切割性能、抗裂口增长性能和抗湿滑性能,降低滚动阻力。     

天然橡胶/顺丁橡胶复合材料抗裂口增长性能影响因素研究

研究炭黑的种类及用量、硫化体系、硫化条件和天然橡胶(NR)/顺丁橡胶(BR)并用比等因素对NR/BR复合材料抗裂口增长性能的影响。结果表明:当炭黑用量在一定范围内时,炭黑的种类和用量影响NR/BR复合材料的抗裂口增长性能;随着促进剂NS用量的增大或硫化时间的延长,NR/BR复合材料抗裂口增长性能变差;适当提高硫化温度或增大硫黄用量,NR/BR复合材料的抗裂口增长性能提高;NR/BR并用比、炭黑分布或硫化体系不同时,NR/BR复合材料的抗裂口增长性能都有差异性。     

混炼工艺对炭黑填充天然橡胶/反式1,4-聚异戊二烯并用胶性能的影响

采用4种不同的混炼工艺制备炭黑填充天然橡胶(NR)/反式1,4-聚异戊二烯(TPI)并用胶,并对其性能进行对比研究。结果表明:采用在常温下加入炭黑和配合剂、高温下加入硫黄和促进剂的混炼工艺制备的NR/TPI并用胶加工安全性、综合物理性能和减震性能较好,动态生热较低。     

高门尼稀土顺丁橡胶在白炭黑体系中的性能研究

研究高门尼稀土顺丁橡胶(NdBR)/天然橡胶(NR)并用胶在白炭黑体系中的混炼工艺及性能。结果表明,两种高门尼NdBR/NR并用后均有较高的耐磨性能、较好的滚动阻力性能和较佳的动态力学性能。其中NdBR-1_#的动态力学性能更佳,NdBR-2_#的优势在于能进一步提高耐裂口增长性能。为了改善NdBR在白炭黑体系中的工艺性能,有必要在配方和混炼工艺上进行优化调整。     

三元乙丙橡胶_氯化聚乙烯并用胶料的工艺性能探讨

研究了三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和氯化聚乙烯(CPE)共混时的配比、补强炭黑或非炭黑填充体系的品种和配比、硫化体系、高温或低温混炼的加工行为及其相分布对并用胶性能的影响。结果表明,EPDM/CPE并用胶料采用炭黑和非炭黑填充、促进剂M/D/DM并用体系,可获得优异的耐热老化、耐臭氧老化及耐低温性能。     

炭黑对国产钕系稀土顺丁橡胶加工性及性能的影响

研究了炭黑用量及部分掺混白炭黑对钕系稀土顺丁橡胶(NdBR)加工性及性能的影响。结果表明,炭黑填充的NdBR在混炼过程中吃药较快,胶料包辊情况良好,下片光亮平整。填充胶具有较高的链结构规整度,线性好,因此具有较好的拉伸性能、耐磨耗性能和回弹性。随炭黑填充量增加,NdBR混炼胶的门尼黏度升高,正硫化时间和焦烧时间缩短;硫化胶的抗湿滑性能改善,压缩生热升高,回弹性及耐屈挠性能变差。白炭黑对缩短NdBR的硫化时间及提高其力学性能有利,但导致其硬度升高,回弹性与耐磨耗性能下降。     

NR/BR复合材料抗裂口增长性能影响因素研究

摘要：研究了填料种类和用量、硫化体系、硫化条件和NR与BR的并用比等因素对NR/BR复合材料抗裂口增长性能的影响。结果表明：对于NR/BR复合材料,炭黑用量在一定范围内时,炭黑用量和种类影响硫化胶的抗裂口增长性能;随着促进剂用量提高或延长硫化时间,抗裂口增长性能变差;而适当提高硫化温度或硫磺用量,NR/BR复合材料的抗裂口增长性能提高;NR/BR并用比、炭黑分布或硫化体系不同时,NR/BR复合材料的耐裂口增长性能都有差异性。     

减振性能极好的天然橡胶胶料

正该减振胶料的主要组分为天然橡胶或天然橡胶和二烯烃合成橡胶的并用胶,还包括单甲基丙烯酸锌、噻唑类硫化促进剂、秋兰姆类硫化促进剂、硫黄和炭黑。单甲基丙烯酸锌和炭黑的分散程度设定为90%~100%。除了天然橡胶具有极好的阻尼性能外,此减振胶料能改善由于热应力导致的弹簧性能降低,还具有极好的抗长期热老化性能。     

天然橡胶胶料的耐低温性能研究

研究天然橡胶（NR）胶料的耐低温性能。结果表明：NR胶料的耐低温性能可以通过橡胶并用、改变填充剂和增塑剂种类、调整硫黄用量等方式进行提高。玻璃化温度低且与NR相容性好的增塑剂可以改善胶料的耐低温性能;选用低结构度炭黑可以明显改善胶料的耐低温性能;加入树脂对胶料的耐低温性能不利;促进剂并用对胶料的耐低温性能基本无影响,但硫黄用量对胶料的耐低温性能影响很大。     

Multiphase polymer processing: Controlled-ingredient-distribution mixing and its effect on some properties of styrene-butadiene (SBR)/butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer rubber blend compounds

The flex-crack-growth resistance and oil-swelling resistance of a styrene-butadiene (SBR)/butadiene-acrylonitrile co-polymer (NBR) rubber blend are studied as a function of the distribution of ingredients in the individual rubber phases. The blends consist of 70:30 weight ratio of SBR:NBR with incorporation of 82.5 phr carbon black and other ingredients via the controlled-ingredient-distribution mixing procedure. The results show that flex crack growth is affected by the distribution of carbon black. Better flex crack growth resistance could be achieved by adding 10 percent of carbon black to the NBR rubber phase and 90 percent to the SBR phase. The swelling of these rubber blends in ASTM #2 oil is also affected by the location of carbon black and by the mixing history. The blends with more black initially preloaded in the SBR phase have lower swelling, as have blends with shorter cross-mixing time or the mill. A simple equation based on the permeation/moduli of composite materials is proposed to describe the swelling of this rubber blend in terms of the swelling of the constituent rubber phases, the distribution of ingredient in the individual rubber phases, and the blend morphology. One of the key assumptions is to consider the individual black preloaded rubber as a continuum. The quantitative correlation with the observed swelling data is reasonably good.     

木质素-硅藻土复合物在三角带底胶中的应用研究

通过共沉淀-脱水法制备了木质素-硅藻土复合物填料,并湿法混炼制备了木质素-硅藻土复合物填充三角带底胶实验胶。通过无转子硫化仪、电子万能试验机、邵氏硬度计研究了硫磺和促进剂的量、天然橡胶和顺丁橡胶的量对三角带底胶实验胶的硫化特性和力学性能的影响,并将木质素-硅藻土复合物填充三角带底胶与炭黑填充的三角带底胶实验胶进行了比较。结果表明:增加硫磺和促进剂的量,提高了三角带底胶实验胶的硬度和300%定伸应力;将顺丁橡胶替换成天然橡胶则提高了三角带底胶实验胶的拉伸强度。配方调整后三角带底胶实验胶的综合性能已与N330填充胶料相当。     

国产稀土顺丁橡胶的性能

研究了中国石油锦州石化公司以环烷酸钕和新癸酸钕催化体系生产的3种稀土顺丁橡胶(NdBR)的生胶,混炼胶,硫化胶的冷流、应力-应变、混炼、生热、抗湿滑以及黏弹性等,并与镍系顺丁橡胶(NiBR)进行了对比。结果表明,NdBR不仅混炼行为优于NiBR,而且硫化胶的强伸性能、抗湿滑性能和滚动阻力等都优于后者。用新癸酸钕催化体系所得NdBR的各项性能优于用环烷酸钕体系者。     

木质素-蒙脱土复合物代替三角带底胶中炭黑的应用研究

通过共沉淀-脱水法制备了木质素-蒙脱土复合物填料,并湿法混炼制备了木质素-蒙脱土复合物填充三角带底胶试验胶。研究了硫磺和促进剂的量、天然橡胶(NR)和顺丁橡胶(BR)的质量比对三角带底胶试验胶的硫化特性和力学性能的影响。并将木质素-蒙脱土复合物填充三角带底胶与炭黑填充的三角带底胶进行了比较。结果表明:增加硫磺和促进剂的量,提高了三角带底胶试验胶的硬度和300%定伸应力。增加天然橡胶和顺丁橡胶的质量比提高了三角带底胶试验胶的拉伸强度。调整配方后三角带底胶试验胶的综合性能已与N330填充胶料相当。     

Flow of carbon black loaded styrene-butadiene (SBR)-cis-polybutadiene blends through capillary dies—influence of mixing and the location of carbon black

The flow behavior of carbon black loaded styrene-butadiene (SBR)-cis-polybutadiene (BR) is investigated as a function of mixing and the location of carbon black. The blends consist of an 80:20 weight ratio of SBR and BR with the incorporation of 20 phr carbon black via three different schemes to control the location of carbon black in the individual rubber phases. These are: (A) free black mixing of the three components, (B) mixing of SBR-black masterbatch with BR, and (C) mixing of BR-black masterbatch with SBR. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) was used to characterize carbon black distribution. The damping characteristics indicate that when carbon black is masterbatched into either one of the rubbers, it continues to remain incorporated in that particular rubber phase upon blending with the second rubber. The flow behavior is measured with an Instron capillary rheometer. The results indicate that the viscosity function of these blends is not sensitive to the mixing conditions. However, the elasticity is always, dependent on mixing. Elasticity is expressed as ΔPe/σ, where ΔPe is the entrance pressure drop from the Bagley plot and σ the shear stress. In general, ΔPe/σ of the blend decreases with increasing mixing.     

淀粉/炭黑/丁苯橡胶复合材料的抗疲劳性能

采用乳液共混法,用少量淀粉等量替代炭黑,制备淀粉/炭黑/丁苯橡胶(SBR)复合材料,研究了淀粉用量对复合材料抗疲劳性能的影响。结果表明,当丁苯胶乳为100份、炭黑与淀粉的总量为50份时,淀粉最佳替代量为5～8份,在此条件下复合材料的抗疲劳性能大幅度提高;淀粉/炭黑/SBR复合材料的抗疲劳性能与硫化胶的抗切割性能、裤形撕裂强度以及损耗因子有一定的相关性。     

Experimental studies of the relationship of processing to the crack growth of carbon-black-loaded SBR—cis-polybutadiene compounds

The crack growth of a highly carbon-black-loaded SBR—cis-polybutadiene (BR) blend is investigated as a function of the distribution of carbon black in the individual rubber phases. The blend compound consists of SBR/BR/carbon black/oil = 60/40/85/60 by weight ratio and curatives. A new “old process” is devised to control the carbon black distribution in the individual rubber phases, that is, cross mixing the SBR and BR black master batches with different amounts of carbon black in the SBR and BR patches. The results show that crack growth is very sensitive to the carbon black distribution. A better crack growth resistance compound is seen containing proportionately more carbon black in the major rubber SBR phase. A simple analogy of rubber blends to the rubber-modified thermoplastics is proposed to interpret these findings. The heat buildup of the blends is also affected by the carbon black distribution. A low heat buildup compound is observed in the system in which more carbon black is in the SBR batch, which is also a better crack growth resistance compound. It is not unexpected that the strength of rubbers decreases with increase of temperature, and so the rate of crack growth becomes faster as heat builds up.     

氯化丁基橡胶/聚丙烯共混改性的研究

采用橡胶与塑料共混改性的方法，制备了具有较好加工工艺性能的氯化丁基橡胶／聚丙烯共混物。研究了橡塑共混比、共混温度以及硫化时间对共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明：氯化丁基橡胶／聚丙烯共混配比为90／10，炭黑30份，氧化锌5份，氧化镁2份，促进剂DM2份，促进剂TMTD1份，硬脂酸1份时，可获得综合性能良好的共混胶料。     

溶聚丁苯橡胶2557-A在轮胎中的应用

按照纯炭黑配方,将溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR,牌号为2557-A)同乳聚丁苯橡胶(ESBR,牌号为1712)对比应用于全钢和半钢子午线轮胎胎冠胶配方中,确定了合适的胎冠胶配方,且进行了轮胎的试制和性能检测。结果表明,与ESBR 1712全钢胎冠胶相比,同等用量SSBR 2557-A的胎冠胶拉伸强度、定伸应力、Akron磨耗性能和压缩生热等性能均得到提高,但DIN磨耗性能有所下降,且具有更优的抗湿滑性和更低的滚动阻力;与ESBR 1712半钢胎冠胶相比,SSBR 2557-A胎冠胶具有优异的抗湿滑性能,而其他性能相差不大;采用SSBR 2557-A全钢子午线轮胎胎冠胶配方试制的轮胎顺利通过了耐久性试验;采用SSBR 2557-A半钢子午线轮胎胎冠胶配方试制轮胎的外缘尺寸、强度、脱圈阻力和高速性能、耐久性均达到国家标准,且还能够较大幅度提高轮胎的抗湿滑性能和滚动噪音性能。