气相沉积膜层在镁合金表面改性中的应用

综述了气相沉积膜层的特性、制备技术的发展及其在镁合金表面改性中的应用,重点介绍了利用PVD和CVD技术在镁合金表面沉积保护性膜层的研究现状,并指出气相沉积膜层是传统电化学镀层的良好替代物,在镁合金表面改性中具有广阔的应用前景.     

钕铁硼永磁材料物理气相沉积技术及相关工艺的研究进展

着重概述了国内外应用于NdFeB永磁材料的物理气相沉积(PVD)技术的种类、特点及所制备防护涂层耐腐蚀性能的研究进展,总结了NdFeB永磁材料的前处理和后处理工艺的研究现状,并提出NdFeB永磁材料PVD技术及相关工艺的改进方法。     

不同表面处理工艺下H13钢的高温耐磨性能

首先对调质处理状态的H13钢进行了渗氮、物理气相沉积(PVD)镀膜、渗氮+PVD镀膜三种不同的表面处理,然后在UMT-3型摩擦磨损试验机上,对处理后的试样进行600℃的高温摩擦磨损试验,研究了不同工艺下H13钢的高温耐磨性能。结果表明:试样的磨损形式主要是粘着磨损+磨粒磨损,经表面处理后试样的表面硬度大幅度提高,摩擦系数大幅度降低;其中渗氮+PVD镀膜表面处理试样的高温耐磨性能最好。     

从工艺参数角度探讨AZ系镁合金表面磁控溅射单层铝及氧化铝膜的耐腐蚀和耐磨损性能

AZ系镁合金在工业领域具有广阔的应用前景,但其耐腐蚀性能和耐磨损性能差阻碍了其发展。绿色环保的磁控溅射表面涂覆技术是防止镁合金腐蚀和磨损的方法之一。简要地介绍了磁控溅射镀膜技术的原理及特点,评述了当今磁控溅射的重要发展。结合近几年的实验研究,回顾和总结了溅射沉积薄膜技术的发展历程和应用现状,重点分析了溅射工艺参数对薄膜耐腐蚀和耐磨损性能的影响。最后,展望了磁控溅射技术未来的发展趋势。     

基于线性离子束技术的镁合金表面类金刚石膜的制备与性能研究EI北大核心

为了提高AZ31镁合金的力学性能和耐蚀性能,采用线性离子束技术在其表面沉积了类金刚石薄膜。分别利用原子力显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了薄膜的表面形貌和截面形貌,利用X射线衍射分析了薄膜的相结构,利用X射线光电子能谱分析了薄膜中元素的价态。利用纳米压痕仪和显微硬度计考察了镁合金镀膜后的表面硬度。利用极化曲线考察了镀膜镁合金在3.5%(质量分数)氯化钠溶液中的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,利用线性离子束可以获得光滑致密的类金刚石膜,镀膜后镁合金的表面硬度和耐蚀性能得到显著提高。     

物理气相沉积在耐腐蚀涂层中的应用

PVD(物理气相沉积)作为一种新型绿色的镀膜技术,由于涂层具备硬度高、耐磨性好、摩擦系数低、化学性能稳定、耐热耐氧化的特点,使其在机械、电子和光学行业得到广泛应用。近些年来随着PVD技术应用领域的不断扩展,对涂层的性能提出了更高要求,在保障力学性能的同时,如何提高涂层耐蚀性成为研究热点。概述了PVD技术应用于材料防腐的相关研究,综述了PVD涂层的成分、结构与耐蚀行为的关系,同时分别阐述了在PVD技术中提高涂层耐蚀性能的方法与机理。     

空心叶片内腔化学气相沉积设备及抗氧化涂层研究

由于高效气冷空心叶片内腔的结构越来越复杂,采用物理气相沉积(PVD)和等离子喷涂(PS)技术不能进行空心叶片内腔冷却通道的涂层防护,化学气相沉积可以进行冷却通道内表面抗氧化涂层的防护.通过CVD涂层设备的研制、涂层沉积工艺、高温涂层性能等研究,对内腔涂层的涂覆机理、工艺方法和内腔涂层的应用进行了讨论.结果表明:研制的CVD设备可靠、工艺参数稳定、内腔表面涂层涂覆达到100%,所研究的化学气相渗铝涂层具有优良的高温抗氧化性能,其在先进航空发动机高效气冷空心叶片内腔表面有很好的工程应用前景.     

用放射性同位素技术测量PVD沉积层的厚度

在表面保护和表面装饰等领域中,表面金属物理气相沉积(PVD)层的厚度一般为若干纳米至若干微米,所沉积的质量及其厚度是一个重要的技术参数。由于PVD新技术的迅速发展,现有的许多分析测量方法如:触针测量法、电镜照像测量法、X-射线法等等和工程测量方法(如:沉积速率计算法,石英晶体测量法等)已难以精确地测出极薄的PVD沉积层厚度。放射性同位素测量是一门较成熟的测量技术,灵敏度和精度极高,在一定程度上能解决这一问题,可定量而精确地测出     

镀覆NiTi根管锉的钛锆氮氧膜的制备工艺与性能

采用多弧离子镀技术在NiTi合金根管锉表面制备TiZrNO膜层,考查了沉积偏压、氧气流量对膜层表面组织形貌、成分等方面的影响;通过模拟临床制备根管(备牙)试验,观察镀膜根管锉表面形貌变化,进而确定其耐磨性能;通过电化学试验,确定了TiZrNO镀膜根管锉的耐腐蚀性能;在对试验结果综合对比分析的基础上,获得了优化的NiTi合金根管锉表面镀覆TiZrNO膜层的沉积工艺,确认了TiZrNO膜层具有良好的耐磨性和耐蚀性。     

刀具镀层的技术进展

综述了化学气相沉积（CVD）和物理气相沉积（PVD）工艺的特点与开发，以及CVD和PVD镀层及金刚石镀层刀具的性能和应用。中温CVD，PVD和金刚石镀层刀具等技术的进展标志着先进镀层应用时代的来临。     

医用钴合金表面改性技术的研究进展

钴合金具有优异的生物力学特性、耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能,在医学植入领域有着广阔的应用前景,其表面改性技术已成为医用金属材料的研究热点和重点。本文简述了钴合金材料表面改性技术的优势,包括钴合金材料的生物力学特性、耐磨性能、耐腐蚀性能等。同时归纳了钴合金材料因人体体液腐蚀和摩擦磨损会释放出Co、Cr等金属离子而导致生物致敏等问题。在上述基础上,重点综述了近年来钴合金表面改性技术的研究进展,包括离子注入技术、选区激光熔化技术、真空沉积技术。其中,离子注入技术主要包括氮离子注入、钇离子注入、镧离子注入和钛镍离子注入等;选区激光熔化技术主要包括粉层厚度、激光功率、组分含量、扫描方式和扫描速度等;真空沉积技术主要包括物理气相沉积和化学气相沉积。针对不同钴合金表面改性技术,分别从钴合金材料的生物力学特性、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性和生物相容性等方面进行了归纳分析。最后分析了钴合金表面改性的发展趋势,认为钴合金表面改性技术应朝着高生物相容性、无金属离子释放、生物功能化、高耐腐蚀性和高耐磨性的方向发展。     

The effect of PVD coatings on the wear behaviour of magnesium alloys

In this study, AlN/TiN was coated on magnesium alloys using physical vapour deposition (PVD) technique of DC magnetron sputtering, and the influence of the coating on the wear behaviour of the alloys was examined. A physical vapour deposition system for coating processes, a reciprocating wear system for wear tests, a universal hardness equipment for hardness measurement, a X-ray diffractometer (XRD) for compositional analysis of the coating, and a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface examinations were used. It was determined that the wear resistance of the magnesium alloys can be increased by PVD coatings. However, small structural defects which could arise from the coating process or substrate were observed in the coating layers.     

Design of wear and corrosion resistant PVD‐coatings for magnesium alloys

Although magnesium alloys became popular in the first half of the 20^th century, the bad corrosion properties prevented their breakthrough in industrial mass production. Since the technology for the production of high purity alloys was introduced in the 1970s, magnesium alloys became more and more in the focus of industrial attention. Today magnesium alloys are state of the art in structural parts in automotive industry. Despite its outstanding properties like good castability, low density and nearly unlimited availability the negative aspects like weak corrosion and wear behaviour still limit the application of magnesium in industry [1]. So, the only economic solution is the deposition of a coating or a suitable surface treatment which provides both, wear and corrosion resistance. Today, plasma electrolytic anodisations are state of the art [2–5]. They provide acceptable corrosion resistance and protect the magnesium from mechanical damage due to their high hardness. On the other hand, their high porosity limits their use in combination with electrochemically noble materials, leading to galvanic corrosion [6]. In addition, the high surface roughness of the plasma electrolytic anodisations restricts their use in tribological applications, particularly under dry sliding conditions [7]. On the other hand, due to the high life time recommendations the application of magnesium in the automotive industries motion component field is a long term process. Nevertheless, there is a quite high industrial interest to apply magnesium in the motion component field in consumer applications like do‐it‐yourself or gardenig. Some examples are motor components of lawnmovers, motor saws or drills. Especially for these fields of application there are quite high demands on the corrosion properties due to undefined storage and the conditions during usage. In order to achieve smooth surfaces with high quality, the PVD technology moves into the centre of interest. Since the 1980s PVD coatings are well established and widely used for different industrial applications, mainly for steel and tool coatings. The authors were the first who carried out serious studies on the development of PVD coatings for magnesium alloys since 1999 [6, 7]. The extensive research activities lead to the recent development of a coating system, which provides both, good wear properties as well as good corrosion behaviour.     

Verschleiß- und Korrosionsschutz durch Chrom und Chromnitrid (PVD-Abscheidung auf Al und Mg)

Wear and corrosion protection using Cr and CrN (PVD coating on Al and Mg) Investigations of the wear behaviour of uncoated Magnesium and Aluminium alloys (AZ 91hp, AlSi 7Mg) are showing very high wear rates of these materials. To improve the wear behaviour both materials were coated with 9 μm CrN using PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) technology. The tribological behaviour of the coated light metals was tested afterwards by using a plate on cylinder tribometer. Looking at the results, wear is reduced enormously. The great number of defects in the coating of the magnesium alloy is showing almost no influence to the wear behaviour. The corrosion behaviour of chromium and chromium nitride coatings was tested on the magnesium alloy. Because of the defects in the coating, caused by defects like pores in the magnesium, only a short term protection of the alloy can be achieved. The corrosion behaviour of multilayer coatings is better than the behaviour of single layer coatings.     

The effect of PVD coatings on the corrosion behaviour of AZ91 magnesium alloy

In this study, multilayered AlN (AlN + AlN + AlN) and AlN + TiN were coated on AZ91 magnesium alloy using physical vapour deposition (PVD) technique of DC magnetron sputtering, and the influence of the coatings on the corrosion behaviour of the AZ91 alloy was examined. A PVD system for coating processes, a potentiostat for electrochemical corrosion tests, X-ray difractometer for compositional analysis of the coatings, and scanning electron microscopy for surface examinations were used. It was determined that PVD coatings deposited on AZ91 magnesium alloy increased the corrosion resistance of the alloy, and AlN + AlN + AlN coating increased the corrosion resistance much more than AlN + TiN coating. However, it was observed that, in the coating layers, small structural defects e.g., pores, pinholes, cracks that could arise from the coating process or substrate and get the ability of protection from corrosion worsened were present.     

铝基非晶合金防腐蚀耐磨损性能的研究进展

Al基非晶合金具有优异的防腐蚀耐磨损性能.综述了Al基非晶合金由热处理和变形处理引起的晶化,介绍了Al基非晶合金材料防腐蚀耐磨损性能的研究现状,指出Al基非晶合金在控制非晶纳米晶比例、提高该非晶纳米晶涂层中非晶含量的研究动态,展望了Al基非晶合金材料在海洋装备防护等领域的运用价值.     

A review: Hot topics on magnesium technology in China

Magnesium alloys have wide applications in automobiles, aerospace and so on due to many advantages, while a number of undesirable properties including poor corrosion resistance, inferior creep resistance and bad plastic processing ability have hindered their applications. Creep-resistant magnesium alloy design, plastic processing of magnesium alloys and rapid solidification processing of magnesium alloys have become the hot topics in magnesium technology. Other than these, surface modification as well as laser beam welding are also involved. The research progress and development in magnesium technology in China are reviewed in the paper.