电感耦合等离子体质谱法快速测定烟用接装纸中砷、铅、镉、铬、镍、汞的研究

建立了电感耦合等离子体质潜法测定烟用接装纸中砷、铅、镉、铬、镍、汞含量的方法,并采用该方法测定了25个接装纸样品中的砷、铅、镉、铬、镍、汞含量.结果表明:①砷、铅、镉、铬、镍、汞的平均回收率在97.9%～101.6%之间;日内重复性变异系数<2%,日间重复性变异系数<5%;检出限分别为0.001 mg/kg,0.002 mg/kg,0.008 mg/kg,0.004 mg/kg,0.007 mg/kg,0.016 mg/kg.②所测25个接装纸样品中,7个样品超过砷的限量标准1 mg/kg,2个样品超过铅的限量标准5 mg/kg,镉、铬、镍、汞的含量全部低于其限量标准.     

不同产地薏米铅、镉、汞、砷和铜残留量测定

通过测定4个不同产地薏米中铅、镉、汞、砷、铜5种重金属含量,对薏米质量和食用安全进行评价.采用硝酸高氯酸混酸消解样品,铜含量利用原子吸收光谱法测定,铅、镉含量利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定,砷含量利用原子荧光光谱法测定,汞含量利用全自动汞分析仪测定.4个产地薏米样品中铅、镉、汞、砷、铜含量均低于标准规定限量值.此方法具...     

北部湾海产品中重金属元素的测定及评价

采集94个北部湾沿海不同区域、不同季节、不同品种的海产品,用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定砷、铅、汞、镉、铬、锡、锑、铜、铝等9种重金属元素的含量,以了解广西北部湾海产品是否受到重金属污染。测定结果表明,海产品中镉含量平均合格率为55%,应是污染所致,无机砷、铅、汞、铬、铜、铝含量平均合格率在89%~96%之间,受污染程度较轻,而锡、锑含量合格率为100%,未受污染。     

海虾中砷、铅、汞、镉、铬5种元素含量的测定研究

研究了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法快速测定海虾中砷、铅、汞、镉、铬5种元素含量。比较了微波消解法与干法灰化法,建立了微波消解-ICP-AES法测定海虾中砷、铅、汞、镉、铬5个元素含量的方法。结果表明,此方法线性良好,r~2≥0.999 0,检出限小于0.03 mg/kg,回收率在83.3%~107.8%之间,精密度在0.95%~8.16%之间。     

烟用接装原纸的砷来源及其控制方法的探讨

确定烟用接装原纸砷含量检测的分析方法,在最优化的仪器条件下对烟用接装原纸中各原材料以及造纸用水进行砷含量检测．分析影响烟用接装原纸砷含量的主要因素,从数据分析结果可以看出是碳酸钙和造纸用水中砷含量的高低对最终成纸砷含量的影响程度最大。进一步对比国内外不同厂家的碳酸钙原料以及相应的成纸砷含量。结果显示国内碳酸钙的砷含量普遍高于进口钙．但仍有国产供应商碳酸钙的砷含量与进口钙的数值相接近,并且能满足烟用接装原纸用户对砷含量的要求。     

浅析烟用接装纸产品的卫生安全性

从卷烟过滤嘴所用接装纸中的铅元素、砷元素、荧光增白剂、挥发性有机物、菌落总数等有害指标出发,探讨了卫生指标对接装纸产品质量的影响。     

便携式能量色散X射线荧光光谱法快速检测玩具中5种元素

本文研究并建立了便携式能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪直接快速测定玩具样品中铅、镉、铬、汞、砷含量的分析方法。方法精密度实验表明,各元素相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)在1.59%~6.21%之间,铅、汞、砷的检测限均小于2 mg/kg,镉、铬的检测限小于3 mg/kg。方法用于塑料类和皮革类玩具样品分析,测定结果与湿法分析结果一致,能够满足实际样品铅、镉、铬、汞、砷元素同时快速分析的要求。     

梵净山绿茶中10种有害元素含量测定分析

了解梵净山绿茶中铅、砷、镉、铬、汞、铜、锌、钴、镍、锡10种有害元素含量,为茶叶的加工生产和安全质量控制提供科学依据。采用微波消解法消解样品,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定样品中重金属元素含量。结果表明:从整体水平上看,梵净山绿茶中重金属含量远低于国家卫生标准,重金属含量处在安全的水平,茶叶中10种重金属平均含量为锌铜镍铬钴铅锡砷镉汞,其中锌的含量最高达36.476 3 mg/kg,Hg未检出。本方法在0~1 000 ng/m L内呈良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 9),元素检出限为0.000 056 46 ng/m L~0.098 85 ng/m L,加标回收率为96.00%~102.20%,相对标准偏差为0.90%~4.33%。     

卷烟滤嘴材料中汞、砷的HG-AFS测定

采用硝酸-过氧化氢常压加热消解或微波消解和氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定了接装 纸、成型纸、醋纤丝束、聚丙烯丝束、三醋酸甘油酯、聚丙烯丝束胶粘剂、白乳胶、热熔胶等8种 卷烟滤嘴材料195个样品中的汞、砷.结果显示①汞、砷的检出限、RSD和平均回收率分别为 0.1和1 ng/mL、1.14%～5.31%和2.83%～6.37%、93.58%～101.5%和95.58%～102.3%; ②这些卷烟滤嘴材料中的汞、砷含量范围分别为0.002～0.051 mg/kg和0.025～0.651 mg/ kg.该方法适用于卷烟滤嘴材料中汞、砷的测定.     

ICP-MS法同时测定进口饮料中21种无机元素

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)同时测定进口饮品中镁、铝、钾、钙、钛、钒、铬、锰、铁、镍、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉、锡、锑、铽、汞、铅和铋共21种无机元素的分析方法。样品在硝酸过氧化氢体系中经微波消解后直接上样分析,采用氦气碰撞模式消除了多原子离子质谱干扰,以钪、锗、铑、铟、铱作为内标元素校正了质谱分析中基体效应并补偿了信号漂移。结果表明,该方法加标回收率(n=6)在84.6%~106.6%之间,选择国家一级标准物质豆角(GBW10021)、胡萝卜(GBW10047)和芹菜(GBW10048)验证方法的可靠性,待测元素测定结果均在标准值允许范围内,日间相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.1%~16.2%之间。试验对6种进口韩国饮料中上述21种元素进行了测定,铅、镉、砷、锡等有害元素含量均低于国家标准。该法适合于饮料中多种元素的同时测定。     

Toxic metal content in 52 frequently prescribed herbal medicines on the Korean market

This study was conducted to investigate the toxic metal content (Pb, As, Cd and Hg) of 52 frequently prescribed herbal medicines and to identify herbal medicines that exceed the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) maximum limits. A total of 3534 samples, including 1966 domestic samples and 1568 imported samples, were analysed using an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). Total amounts of Pb, As, Cd and Hg were significantly different between domestic (0.63 mg kg^?1) and imported (0.81 mg kg^?1) medicines (p < 0.05). Among the 52 kinds of samples, 4 kinds of herbs required quality control for Pb and 12 kinds of herbs required quality control for Cd. No sample contained As and Hg above the limits.     

2019年河北省市售虾蛄(皮皮虾)重金属污染情况调查

目的了解2019年河北省市售虾蛄中重金属污染情况。方法按照《2019年河北省食品污染物风险监测方案》的要求,对河北省11个地市及雄安新区共计106份虾蛄样品进行Pb、Ni、Hg(总)、As(总)、Li、V、Mn、Ba、Cd、Cr、Al、Sb、Cu、Sn、Se共15种元素的检测,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果 Hg、As、Mn、Cd、Cu、Se的检出率为90%以上, As、Cd的检出率达到了100%,其余元素的检出率在36.8%~89.6%之间,元素镉超标率达到了86.8%。Pb、Ni、Hg(总)、As(总)、Li、V、Mn、Ba、Cr、Al、Sb、Cu、Sn、Se元素均检出,但并未超出GB 2762—2017《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》中的限值要求。结论去除虾腺可降低镉元素的检测值,虽然河北省虾蛄抽查样品89.9%镉超标,但经过计算评估,虾蛄中的镉元素对人体健康的风险可以接受。     

Multi-element survey of wild edible fungi and blackberries in the UK.

A survey of 12 metals including lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As) and platinum (Pt) was carried out using ICP-MS in 34 samples of wild fungi and 48 samples of wild blackberries collected from sites across the UK. On a fresh weight basis (mg/kg) levels of Pb were in the range 0.003-5.990, Cu 0.596-34.800, Cd<0.001-19.6, Hg<0.001-4.150, As 0.001-0.972 and Pt (microg/kg) 0.006-0.200, with higher concentrations found in fungi than in blackberries. The results of the survey showed that the concentrations of the metals were consistent with previous studies, where available. Concentrations in wild fungi of Pt, tin (Sn), and titanium (Ti) were significantly higher at urban sites than at rural sites. Urban blackberries had significantly higher levels of Pb, Ti, and Cd than rural ones, but lower levels of manganese (Mn). Pb, Ti and Sn concentrations were significantly higher in blackberries sampled near main roads rather than in rural areas.     

ICP-AES法测定水产品贝壳肉中16种金属元素

利用ICP-AES法测定钱塘江近海水域水产品贝壳肉中Al、Ca、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Ni、Se、Sb、Sn、V 、Zn、Cd、As、Pb、Hg十六种金属元素含量。结果表明:所采样品金属元素含量丰富,对铅、铝的吸附量相对较高,部分样品金属元素含量相对偏高,不宜多食。ICP-AES法具有检测灵敏度高、回收率好、快速、简便等好的检测效果。     

ICP-AES法测定苦荞麦中的矿物元素

采用ICP-AES法(电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法)测定苦荞麦中Fe、Cr、Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Ca、Mg、Sn、Mo、Se等13种矿物元素,并采用高压消化罐法、干法进行样品处理.试验表明,高压消化罐消化样品消化完全、省时、省力、环保,而且精密度高,测定值准确,该方法的回收率为96%～102%,RsD小于5%.并通过与普通小麦的对比分析,发现苦荞麦中Fe、Cr、Ca、Mg、Se等对人体有功能作用的元素均高于普通小麦.     

Toxic and micronutrient elements in organic,brown and polished rice in Brazil

Concentration levels of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Tl, Sn, Sb Co, Cu, Mn, Se, Zn, Cr, Ni and Mo in different types of rice cultivated in irrigated fields in Brazil were evaluated. Arsenic, Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn and Cu were found in higher concentrations in brown rice samples, suggesting the prevalence of these elements in the bran. Meanwhile, lower concentrations of Pb, Mo, Cr, Se and Co were found in parboiled rice. Organic rice did not differ of cultivated conventionally rice. Thallium, Hg and Sb were not detected in any rice sample whose limits of detection were 0.7 μg kg^?1, 2.5 μg kg^?1 and 8 μg kg^?1, respectively. The concentrations of the investigated elements were compared with those reported for polished rice and brown rice from other countries, unveiling concentrations in general at the same level for rice produced at non-contaminated sites.     

贵州喀斯特地区土壤-辣椒体系重金属元素的生物迁移积累特征

采集喀斯特地区(遵义虾子与贵阳花溪)的辣椒及种植土壤样品,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪检测辣椒和土壤中13种重金属元素(As、Cd、Pb、Hg、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni、Tl、Co、Sb、Sn、Mn)的含量,探讨土壤-辣椒体系重金属元素的生物迁移积累特征。结果表明:与HJ/T 332—2006《食用农产品产地环境质量评价标准》相比,土壤中Cd平均含量超标了9.33%,点位超标率为57.89%。与GB 2762—2012《食品中污染物限量》相比,遵义地区辣椒中Cd含量部分超标,超标率为85.71%,花溪地区2个辣椒样品Cr含量超标,分别超标了15.36%和12.18%。辣椒的13种重金属生物富集系数大小顺序为CdCuZnHgSnTlMnSbNiCoCrAsPb,辣椒Cd的生物富集系数为1.138,Pb的生物富集系数为0.001 9。辣椒中Co、Ni、Sn含量与土壤对应金属含量呈显著正相关(P0.05),其余重金属含量与土壤对应元素含量无显著相关性(P0.05)。食用辣椒途径的Cd和Cr每周重金属摄入量远小于世界卫生组织提出的专门针对敏感人群临时性每周人体可耐受摄入量,辣椒Cd、Cr超标不会对人体健康造成影响。在贵州喀斯特Cd高背景值地区种植辣椒应注重辣椒对Cd的富集。     

Mineral contents of some southern Italian wines I. Determination of B, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, Pb by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES)

Summary Using a new analytical technique, the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), 51 red and rose wines from D.O.C. areas of Southern Italy were measured for the following 14 elements: B, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, Pb.Among these elements the most abundant were Si with an average value of 19.60 mg/l, Fe 5.87 mg/l, B 5.19 mg/l, Al 2.13 mg/l and Mn 1.40 mg/l; Cu, Zn and Sn were present in average quantities between 0.10 and 1.00 mg/l; the remaining elements had average concentrations below 0.10 mg/l.

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Gehalt an Spurenelementen in einigen D.O.C.-Weinen aus Süditalien I. Quantitative Bestimmung von B, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, Pb durch ICP Atomemissions-Spektrometrie

Zusammeufassung Unter Anwendung emer neuen analytischen Methode, ICP Atomemissions-Spektrometrie, wurden in 51 Rot- und Rosé-D.O.C.-Weinen aus Süditalien, die folgenden 14 Elemente bestimmt: B, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, Pb.Unter diesen Elementen sind Si mit einem Mittelwert von 19,60 mg/l, Fe mit 5,87 mg/l, B mit 5,19 mg/l, Al mit 2,13 mg/l und Mn mit 1,40 mg/1 die häufigsten. Die mittleren Konzentrationswerte für Cu, Zn und Sn liegen zwischen 0,10 und 1,00 mg/l; während die der restlichen Elemente unter 0,10 mg/l sind.

     

Heavy metals in vegetables grown in The Netherlands and in domestic and imported fruits

The contents of cadmium, lead mercury, copper, manganese and zinc in 242 samples of 37 different species of domestic and imported fruits have been determined. Also contents of the same heavy metals, except mercury, have been determined in 205 samples of 7 species of domestic vegetables (lettuce, spinach, endive, beetroots, onions, celeriac and Swedish turnips). The median contents (in mg/kg fresh mass of the edible part) found for fruits are: Cd 0.002; Pb 0.017; Hg 0.002; Cu 0.61; Mn 0.52 and Zn 0.99. In the vegetables median levels have been found (mg/kg) of 0.009-0.073 for Cd, 0.01-0.03 for Pb, less than 0.2-0.3 for Cu, 0.69-1.41 for Mn and 0.95-5.5 for Zn. The contribution of fruits to the tolerable daily intakes of Cd, Pb and Hg is, for an average consumption pattern, less than 1%. On the other hand, the contribution to the recommended amounts of the essential elements Cu, Mn, and Zn is no more than 1%-3%. From the vegetables an average portion of spinach contains 19% and 2.6% of the tolerable daily amounts of Cd and Pb, respectively. For the other species of vegetables these figures are less than 5% for Cd (except for endive, 6.8%) and for lead less than 1%. Spinach contributes considerably to the need for Cu, Mn and Zn, in general more than 10% of the recommended daily amounts. The other species of vegetables contribute only from less than 1% to less than few percents.     

贵州云雾茶园土壤高含量重金属和砷在茶叶中的积累与浸出特征

为了研究土壤高含量重金属和砷在茶叶中的积累与浸出行为,选择贵州省云雾土壤高含量重金属和砷茶园,采集了土壤和茶叶样品各46个,对土壤-茶叶-茶汤系统重金属和砷进行分析。结果表明：云雾茶园土壤重金属Cd、Hg和As均有部分超出土壤二级标准限量值,超标率分别为80.4%、69.6%和8.7%,该茶园土壤存在严重的Cd和Hg污染。但是,茶叶和茶汤的重金属和砷并未超标,茶叶对不同土壤重金属和砷的富集能力为Cu＞Cd＞Hg＞Pb＞Cr＞As,茶叶-茶汤系统重金属和砷浸出率最高的元素为Hg,不同重金属和砷的浸出率为Hg＞As＞Cu＞Pb＞Cd＞Cr,Hg和Cu在土壤-茶叶-茶汤系统具有较大富集系数和浸出率。