打印参数可变模式下3D打印批调度问题研究

研究打印参数可变模式下3D打印批调度问题,旨在对打印任务随机到达的3D打印服务系统进行优化建模.考虑到工作台尺寸的限制以及打印参数层高对打印质量的影响,论文以各个任务队列长度作为系统联合状态,以任务组合以及打印参数层高作为系统的联合控制变量,以提高生产率、减少打印质量损失、节约电能为综合目标,将优化问题描述为半马尔科夫决策过程(SMDP),以便采用策略迭代算法、Q学习等算法求解系统最优调度策略.仿真结果表明,与层高参数固定模式以及先到先服务(FCFS)模式相比,本文求解的批调度策略能够有效提高生产性能.     

基于遗传算法的拉动式浸染生产动态排产策略

为解决印染企业中不合理的人工排产使其高耗能、污染大的行业弊端更加明显的问题,提出了一种基于遗传算法的拉动式浸染生产动态排产策略,实现对实际生产中多约束条件的求解,根据染缸的运行情况,在企业资源规划(ERP)系统中实时获取订单进行排产.仿真结果对比人工排产结果表明,该策略在提高生产效率的同时也达到了节能减排的目的.     

基于增量表达式的滚动发电计划模型与其求解算法研究

滚动发电计划是对日前计划的有效补充。在实际调度过程中,基于电网当前的运行状态与最新的预测信息,制定机组的滚动发电计划,能有效消除日前计划所存在的偏差,降低实时调度工作量,提升电网运行安全性。本文针对当前滚动计划研究中存在的对日前计划改变过大,求解效率较低两方面问题,以相对日前计划改变量作为决策变量,设计了基于增量表达式的滚动计划模型;并从模型目标项含二次项的特点出发,设计了基于拉格朗日对偶法的分解协调算法。最后通过我国某省实际算例验证了所提出模型与算法的实用性。     

基于规则的烟草计划与排产系统

为提高烟草行业计划排产的实时性, 提出了符合卷烟生产特点的生产计划与调度系统, 并阐述了生产计划与调度系统的体系结构、功能模块、系统工作流程, 设计了基于规则的调度算法. 所设计的系统能够持续稳定的运行, 企业客户可应用本系统软件快速准确地根据销售合同和调度计划制定科学合理的生产调度计划, 真正实现管理与控制一体化操作.     

微粒群优化算法在车间调度中的研究与应用

在对某印染企业的生产状况进行了深入调研和分析的基础上,对流水车间调度、混合流水车间调度进行了对比,同时对微粒群算法进行了深入研究,并根据实际情况对算法进行了部分改动和改进,使之能适用于离散的生产调度问题.最后将改进后的微粒群算法应用到印染企业的车间调度中,同时实现了甘特图的动态生成.研究结果可直接应用于企业流水车间调度和作业车间调度,具有一定的实际应用价值.     

加热炉作业计划优化方法的研究与应用

加热炉的作业效率直接影响企业的最终效益.由于加热炉的复杂性,其作业计划仍然处于手动操作状态.针对加热炉这样一个复杂工业过程,提出一个优化作业计划与调度的编排方法,用于加热炉在正常和异常生产的优化排产.利用最短时间和最早缴期算法进行加热炉正常作业排序.采用蚁群算法搜索异常情况下的最优解,通过跟踪形成作业计划闭环控制,从而实现加热炉作业优化的实时控制.该方法在某钢铁公司进行了实际应用,效果良好.     

基于MAS的动态生产调度与控制及系统开发

提出基于MAS的面向敏捷制造的生产过程动态调度与控制的层次结构．1）以任务分解与分配层为中心，建立各层之间的协调工作及协同决策机制；2）引入协商式招／投标方法实现任务的分解与分配；3）采用能力匹配与动态调度相结合的方法实现任务分配与调度控制的有效集成；4）面向生产任务需求动态确定Agent粒度、组建MAS模型；5）适应制造系统状态变化的需要，进行任务的动态重构．讨论基于MAS的采用分级递阶和并行处理相结合的自治组织结构和运作模式，以及利用与组织结构相对应的层次黑板结构实现各Agent之间信息与数据共享．在支持生产过程动态调度与控制基础设施建设的基础上，结合奏川机床集团有限公司车间生产实际，研究开发了基于MAS的车间动态调度系统．     

The production scheduling problem in a multi-page invoice printing system

This paper addresses the production scheduling problem in a multi-page invoice printing system. The system comprises three stages: the stencil preparation stage, the page printing stage and the invoice assembly stage. Since each page can be considered as a component and the invoice as the finished product, the production system for multi-page invoices can be treated as an assembly-type flowshop with parallel machines at the last two stages. Moreover, two types of sequence-dependent setup operations are considered at the second stage. The objective is to minimize the makespan for all the invoice orders. We first formulate this problem into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). Then a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) is proposed for solving it due to its NP-hardness. To evaluate the performance of the HGA heuristic, a lower bound for the makespan is developed. Numerical experiment indicates that our algorithm can solve the problem efficiently and effectively.     

Complex scheduling of a printing process

The intricate nature of scheduling at a printing company is described. Many of its subtle operational complexities and sophisticated work order selection rules are explained in depth to emphasize the highly refined nature of a strongly sequence-dependent process. A simulation-based scheduling tool integrated with an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is used to capture the required level of process detail. The results are comprehensive schedules that reflect the collective needs of the entire production process, improved understanding of interdepartmental effects, increased productivity, better visibility of future production requirements, and faster schedule turn around times.     

An efficient heuristic for adaptive production scheduling and control in one-of-a-kind production

Even though research in flow shop production scheduling has been carried out for many decades, there is still a gap between research and application—especially in manufacturing paradigms such as one-of-a-kind production (OKP) that intensely challenges real time adaptive production scheduling and control. Indeed, many of the most popular heuristics continue to use Johnson's algorithm (1954) as their core. This paper presents a state space (SS) heuristic, integrated with a closed-loop feedback control structure, to achieve adaptive production scheduling and control in OKP. Our SS heuristic, because of its simplicity and computational efficiency, has the potential to become a core heuristic. Through a series of case studies, including an industrial implementation in OKP, our SS-based production scheduling and control system demonstrates significant potential to improve production efficiency.     

微粒群算法在印染企业车间调度中的研究应用

在对某印染企业的生产状况进行了深入调研和分析的基础上,对流水车间调度、混合流水车间调度和作业车间调度进行了对比研究。同时对微粒群算法进行了深入研究,并根据实际情况对算法进行了部分改动和改进,使之能适用于离散的生产调度问题。最后将改进后的微粒群算法应用到花布印染企业的车间调度中,对加工任务进行优化调度,并实现甘特图的动态生成。论文的结果可直接应用于企业流水车间调度和作业车间调度,具有一定的实际应用价值。     

QPSO算法在生产调度中的研究与应用

在对某印染企业的生产状况进行深入调研和分析的基础上,对微粒群算法及量子粒子群算法进行了对比研究,并根据实际情况对算法进行了部分改进,使之能适用于离散的生产调度问题。最后将量子粒子群算法应用到花布印染企业的生产调度中,对加工任务进行优化调度,并实现甘特图的动态生成。该结果可直接应用于企业车间调度中,具有一定的实际应用价值。     

A study of roll‐printing technology for TFT‐LCD fabrication

Abstract— Recently, potential breakthrough technologies for low‐cost processing of TFT‐LCDs and new process developments for flexible‐display fabrication have been widely studied. A roll‐printing process using etch‐resist material as a replacement for photolithographic patterning was investigated. The characterization of the properties of patterns formed in roll printing, a method to fabricate cliché plates for fine patterns, and the design of a new formulation for resist printing ink is reported. The pattern position accuracy, which is one of the most important issues for the successful application of printing processes in display manufacturing was studied and how it can be improved by optimizing the blanket roll structure is explained. New design rules for the layout of the thin‐film‐transistor array was derived to improve the compatibility of roll printing. As a result, a prototype 15‐in.‐XGA TFT‐LCD panel was fabricated by using printing processes to replace all the photolithographic patterning steps conventionally used.     

基于改进粒子群算法的多机器多任务3D打印智能调度方法

针对批量3D打印成本高,多机器多任务的3D打印批次调度复杂的问题,建立以最小单位体积平均成本为目标的优化模型,并提出一种基于改进粒子群算法的智能调度方法求解该模型;首先,分析打印工场、生产流程,构建3D打印单位体积平均成本模型;之后基于改进粒子群算法,以单位体积平均成本为适应度,以调度序列为粒子的位置信息,采用十进制顺序二维编码方式表示问题的解,并在更新策略上应用线性递减权值的动态惯性因子来调整全局与局部的搜索能力;算法迭代后,得到目标函数最优值及对应解集;经实验算例结果表明,该方法较单独打印加工的单位体积平均成本降低了0.101 3GBP/cm3,有效地降低工厂生产的总成本,提高了3D打印机的利用效率。     

基于窗口的印刷车间作业动态调度研究

为了解决实际印刷车间突发设备故障和紧急插单问题,采用滚动窗口技术结合遗传算法的方法,建立适合实际印刷车间生产的动态再调度模型;设定若干印品订单、机器设备的加工工序以及各工序加工时间、工序约束条件等,以订单的最大最小加工时间和再调度的偏离度为多目标优化,采用周期与事件混合驱动策略,将滚动窗口再调度机制和遗传算法相结合进行流程设计和编码,构建印刷车间再调度模型;采用标准问题FT06和FT01验证了文章设计的模型算法的有效性和可行性;运行程序,模拟正常加工时紧急插单和机器故障突发时,系统生产新的调度计划即调度甘特图,仿真结果表明该动态调度模型可以用于印刷作业的正常排产调度,在遇突发状况时可生成稳定、符合交货日期的再调度方案。     

An effective detailed operation scheduling in MES based on hybrid genetic algorithm

A detailed operation scheduling solution based on hybrid genetic algorithm is proposed and integrated with the manufacturing execution system (MES) for multi-objective scheduling. The constraints and influences from real-time production information collected by MES will all be considered in scheduling procedures. Each order can be scheduled forward or backward and the various constraints such as the ones from working calendar, processing capacity of manufacturing resources and the connection type between the operation and the previous operation will be obeyed in scheduling. A genetic algorithm is designed according to the features of the scheduling problem. Two methods of operation sequence (OS) initialization (named as OSIOP and ROSI) and three methods of manufacturing resource selection (named as RSAPT, RSWTB and RRS) are designed for population initialization. A variable neighborhood search is designed and implanted in the process of GA to improve the scheduling results. The experiments are made and the results have proved the feasibility of the hybrid GA. This scheduling solution is programmed in \(\hbox {C}^{\#}\) and applied to a commercial MES software successfully.     

一个版面智能调度与输出系统的设计与实现

报业的集团化趋势和规模化经营促使报纸印刷业务不断扩大,大型报社需要输出的版面作业成倍增长、需要同时控制的输出系统种类和数量不断增加,用手工方式进行输出控制已经不能满足用户的需要。该文通过抽象调度参数和调度规则的定义,提出了报纸版面作业的智能调度与自动输出策略,实现了一个适用于报业集团与大型印务中心的版面作业智能调度与输出系统。该系统还结合实际应用情况,解决了输出系统的自动监控、版面作业参数的远程规划与实时传递、版面数据的自动接收、版面作业状态监控等问题。     

Distributed joint dynamic maintenance and production scheduling in manufacturing systems: Framework based on model predictive control and Benders decomposition

Scheduling the maintenance based on the condition, respectively the degradation level of the system leads to improved system's reliability while minimizing the maintenance cost. Since the degradation level changes dynamically during the system's operation, we face a dynamic maintenance scheduling problem. In this paper, we address the dynamic maintenance scheduling of manufacturing systems based on their degradation level. The manufacturing system consists of several units with a defined capacity and an individual dynamic degradation model, seeking to optimize their reward. The units sell their production capacity, while maintaining the systems based on the degradation state to prevent failures. The manufacturing units are jointly responsible for fulfilling the demand of the system. This induces a coupling constraint among the agents. Hence, we face a large-scale mixed-integer dynamic maintenance scheduling problem. In order to handle the dynamic model of the system and large-scale optimization, we propose a distributed algorithm using model predictive control (MPC) and Benders decomposition method. In the proposed algorithm, first, the master problem obtains the maintenance scheduling for all the agents, and then based on this data, the agents obtain their optimal production using the distributed MPC method which employs the dual decomposition approach to tackle the coupling constraints among the agents. The effectiveness of the proposed method is investigated on two case studies.     

复杂生产过程计划调度级联模型在选矿MES中的应用研究

针对大型选矿生产线运行和管理特点,分析了选矿企业生产成本、原矿处理量、精矿品位、金属回收率等综合生产指标在计划层、执行层和控制层间的交互关系;说明了选矿企业计划调度主要特征是将综合指标逐层分解优化为日生产线指标的思想;建立了在保证产品质量合格前提下总成本最小为目标和在保证合理精矿品位的前提下,以减小精矿库存、最大限度地满足设备生产能力为目标的计划与调度两阶段级联优化模型;提出了决策选矿生产线日原矿处理量和精矿品位与尾矿品位等生产指标的生产计划调度优化方法,并应用于某选矿企业制造执行系统(Manufacturing execution system, MES),取得显著应用成效.