添加剂在复合锂基润滑脂中抗磨性能的研究

采用不同黏度的基础油制备的复合锂基润滑脂中,加入极压抗磨添加剂,采用四球试验机,改变钢球之间转速,评价润滑脂的抗磨性能,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),分析钢球磨斑的形貌及元素含量.通过对钢球表面温度、磨斑直径、磨斑形貌和磨斑元素组成及含量的分析和比较,考察了基础油的黏度和钢球转速对加入固体和液体添加剂的润滑脂抗磨性能的影响.     

四种油溶性离子液体复合锂基润滑脂理化性能和摩擦学性能

合成4种不同结构的油溶性离子液体(N/P协同(a)、N/S协同(b)、P/P协同(c)、P/S协同(d))并按比例分别溶解在PAO10中作为基础油添加剂,制备4种新型油溶性离子液体润滑脂GA、GB、GC和GD.系统研究了油溶性离子液体分子结构差异,对所制润滑脂的热稳定性、滴点、锥入度以及摩擦学性能的影响.结果表明:以P...     

层状二硅酸钠作为润滑脂添加剂的摩擦学性能

通过四球摩擦磨损实验考察了微米级层状二硅酸钠粉体及改性层状二硅酸钠粉体在锂基润滑脂中的摩擦学性能,应用光学显微镜观察钢球磨斑表面,采用EDX技术对钢球表面元素进行检测。结果表明,在一定的摩擦学环境下,添加质量分数1%的改性层状二硅酸钠粉体能够提高锂基润滑脂的抗磨减摩性能;EDX检测到钢球表面存在层状二硅酸钠的特征元素,说明层状二硅酸钠和钢球表面发生了相互作用,形成了抗磨减摩性能显著的表面润滑层。     

纳米润滑添加剂的抗磨减摩机理

对几种纳米润滑添加剂的抗磨减摩机理进行了总结,提出纳米润滑添加剂抗磨减摩机理研究中值得探讨的几个问题。     

石墨烯作为锂基润滑脂添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

利用四球机研究了石墨烯和石墨作为锂基润滑脂添加剂的摩擦学性能。采用扫描电镜和X射线光电子能谱研究了磨损表面的微观形貌和表面元素含量及化合态。结果表明石墨烯的添加使锂基润滑脂的摩擦学性能得到的显著的提升,摩擦过程中,摩擦副表面形成了石墨烯的吸附膜和层积膜以及由FeO, Fe2O3, FeOOH和LiOH组成的反应膜,正是这些复合膜的综合作用,使得润滑脂的摩擦性能得到了进一步的提升。     

润滑油纳米SnO抗磨减摩添加剂的制备与摩擦学性能研究

采用乙醇超临界流体干燥技术制备了粒径约10×50nm的SnO纳米粒子。在500SN基础油中添加SnO纳米粒子,利用四球试验机和环块试验机考察其摩擦学性能。试验结果表明,加入SnO纳米粒子后提高了基础油的抗磨性和承载能力,降低了摩擦系数;含最佳SnO纳米粒子量的润滑油承载能力最高;纳米粒子在摩擦表面的沉积是SnO纳米粒子改善润滑油摩擦学性能的内在机制。     

磷氮化脂肪酸水基润滑添加剂的制备及其摩擦学性能

在脂肪酸分子中引入磷和氮元素,合成了一种新型水基润滑添加剂(PNR),并利用红外光谱对其主要官能团进行了鉴定.采用四球试验机考察了它在水中的抗磨性能与极压性能,采用X射线光电子能谱仪对其磨痕表面元素进行分析,探讨该类添加剂的极压抗磨作用机理.结果表明,磷氮化水基润滑添加剂在水中具有优良的抗磨和减摩性能.由于长链脂肪酸分子的载体作用、磷和氮的高反应活性以及三者的协同作用与摩擦金属表面形成了一层高强度的吸附膜和(或)摩擦化学反应膜,使其具有优良的润滑性能.     

植物油基润滑油添加剂的制备及其摩擦学性能

采用菜籽油与亚磷酸二正丁酯为原料通过自由基加成反应制备了环境友好植物油基润滑油添加剂(PRO)。利用四球试验与SRV微动摩擦磨损试验对比了PRO与磷酸三甲酚酯(TCP)在饱和多元醇酯基础油(3970)中的减摩、抗磨以及极压性能。结果表明,PRO在不同的载荷、浓度、温度等条件下的摩擦学性能均明显优于TCP。PRO优异的摩擦学特性主要得益于其在摩擦过程与金属表面发生摩擦化学反应,生成含有Fe2O3,Fe3O4,FeP与FePO4的边界润滑薄膜,从而起到极压、抗磨的作用。     

新型无硫磷含氮杂环润滑添加剂的制备及其抗磨减摩性能

制备了一种新型无硫磷含氮杂环润滑添加剂月桂酸-N-(喹唑啉-4-酮)甲酯,通过元素分析、FT-IR、13C-NMR对其结构进行了表征,在万能摩擦磨损模拟试验机和环块模拟试验机上评价了其在液体石蜡中的摩擦磨损性能,还考察了其热稳定性能,并采用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜观察分析摩擦副磨损表面形貌.结果表明,所制备的月桂酸-N-(喹唑啉-4-酮)甲酯添加剂热稳定性良好,能提高液体石蜡的承载能力,降低工况的磨损和减小摩擦系数,有效提高基础油抗磨减摩性能.     

纳米润滑添加剂

本文对纳米微粒作为润滑添加剂的种类及其相应的摩擦学性能进行了描述，对纳米微粒的制备方法以及表面修饰进行了概括归纳，对纳米微粒作为润滑添加剂的抗磨减摩机理进行了详细的叙述，同时对纳米润滑添加剂进行了评述。     

Preparation and Tribological Properties of Lanthanum-doped Muscovite Composite Particles as Lubricant Additives in Lithium Grease

Lanthanum-doped muscovite(MC) composite particles(hereinafter abbreviated as La-MC) were prepared by the mechanical solid-state-chemistry-reaction method, followed by surface modification with oleic acid. The microstructure of materials was characterized by SEM, XRD, EDS and FTIR. Furthermore, the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of MC and La-MC as lubricant additives in lithium grease were evaluated using a four-ball friction and wear tester. The results showed that La(OH)_3 nanoparticles were coated on the surface of muscovite. Both MC and La-MC can effectively improve the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of lithium grease and La-MC presents better tribological properties than MC. The excellent tribological properties of La-MC can be attributed to the formation of the adsorbed La-MC film and the chemical reaction film mainly composed of Fe_2O_3 and SiO_2 on the worn surface, as well as the catalysis of lanthanum element during the friction process.     

环境友好含氮润滑油添加剂的合成及其摩擦学性能研究

设计合成了4种不同结构类型的新型环境友好润滑〖JP2〗油添加剂（LA1~LA4）,采用1H NMR和MALDI TOF MS〖JP〗确证了其分子结构。考察了4种添加剂的油溶性、热稳定性和抗腐蚀性;在四球摩擦机上考察了其在液体石蜡（LP）中的摩擦学性能;用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了钢球磨损的表面形貌,并用能谱分析仪（EDS）分析了钢球磨斑表面的元素组成,初步探讨了其摩擦作用机理。结果表明,4种添加剂具有优良的油溶性、热稳定性和抗腐蚀性,能够满足实际工况的要求;LP+10% LA2（质量分数,下同）的最大无卡咬负荷（PB）值比LP提高了87%,LP+10% LA3的烧结负荷（PD）值是LP的2倍,LP+10% LA3的钢球磨斑直径（WSD）只有LP的50%;SEM显示4种添加剂的加入能明显减小WSD,减少表面磨痕数量;EDS结果表明,添加剂在摩擦过程中形成复杂的反应膜。添加剂结构中的官能团会影响其性能,黄原酸酯基和羧酸酯基能够提高添加剂的极压抗磨性能。     

一种防卡咬螺纹润滑剂的理化和摩擦学性能研究

Di-aromatics base oil and graphite powder, adding with viscosity index improver and anti-oxidant and rheological additive, were used to prepare a kind of anti-seize thread lubricant. Its physical chemistry properties, such as water resistance, thermal oxidation and aging properties, tribological performance were evaluated and compared with those of some commercial product. The results show that the overall the overall performance of the anti-seize thread lubricant met the level of some commercial product, and some properties such as thermal stability, anti-wear and anti-friction properties were better. It is more suitable for high temperature conditions.     

Synthesis and Tribological Behaviour of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Schiff Base Derivatives as Multifunctional Lubricant Additives

Six new 1,3,4-thiadiazole Schiff base derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy and ~1H NMR spectrometry, and their anti-corrosion properties and thermal stability were investigated via thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and copper strip corrosion test. The tribological behavior of the said Schiff base derivatives was evaluated on an Optimol SRV~?4 oscillating reciprocating friction and wear tester. The worn surfaces of the steel discs were investigated using a scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer(EDS). The test results indicated that these thiadiazole Schiff base derivatives possessed favourable thermal stability, corrosion inhibiting ability and the capability of improving the tribological characteristic of the base oil effectively. It is assumed that the adsorbed additives probably reacted with the steel surfaces during the friction process, resulting in the formation of a protective film composed of sulphates, sulphides and organic nitrogen compounds.     

硫系极压抗磨剂研究进展

综述了硫系极压抗磨剂的研究进展和发展趋势,介绍了其作用机理及适用范围。根据所含活性元素的不同,硫系极压抗磨剂分为硫型、硫-磷型、硫-氮型、硫-磷-氮型以及硫-磷-硼-氮型。随着现代工业的快速发展,多功能环保型的极压抗磨剂是未来的发展方向,纳米微粒作为极压抗磨剂的研究将受到广泛关注。     

Synthesis of Two Novel Additives and Study of Their Tribological Properties in Rapeseed Oil

Two novel ashless additives - benzothiazole derivatives containing boron and chlorine, OBC and BBC, were synthesized. The tribological performances of OBC and BBC at different mass ratios as additives in rapeseed oil （RO） were examined on a four-ball machine. The worn surfaces of the lower steel balls lubricated by oil samples were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The test results showed that OBC and BBC had good solubility in the base oil, and could effectively increase the load-carrying capacity of the base oil. The maximum non-seizure load of oil sample containing 1.5 m% BBC was 1117 N, which was 2.3 times as much as that of the base oil. Both OBC and BBC could improve the anti-wear and corrosion inhibiting performance and thermal stability of the base oil, whose initial decomposition temperatures was above 350 ~C. However, OBC and BBC at different concentrations could increase the friction coefficient of the base oil. The SEM morphology of steel balls lubricated by oil samples containing 1.5 m% additives seemed to be more uniform and smoother than that of the base oil, and the scars formed were very shallow.     

PTFE颗粒对脲基润滑脂摩擦学特性的影响

采用微纳米聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)颗粒作为脲基润滑脂的添加剂。利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了微纳米PTFE颗粒添加剂的用量对润滑脂的摩擦学性能和极压性能的影响,用光学显微镜考察了磨痕表面的形貌,并测试了两种含微纳米PTFE颗粒试样的理化性能。结果表明,当微纳米PTFE颗粒添加量为1%时,润滑脂具有最佳的摩擦学性能。微纳米PTFE颗粒改善润滑脂摩擦学性能主要与其本身润滑性能较好有关。在摩擦中PTFE颗粒随润滑脂一起进入摩擦表面,在摩擦表面上形成PTFE颗粒与基体材料的复合层,阻止金属与金属的直接接触,减小了摩擦,降低了磨损。     

磷系极压抗磨剂在酯类油中的摩擦学性能

采用四球摩擦试验机对磷酸三甲酚酯（T306）和硫代磷酸铵盐（T307）2种添加剂在多元醇酯（3987）中的摩擦学性能进行了研究。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了钢球磨损表面的微观形貌,采用X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）分析了摩擦表面典型元素的化学状态,进而对摩擦机理进行了探讨。结果表明,2种添加剂均可不同程度地改善酯类油的摩擦学性能,然而,当添加剂添加浓度越大或试验载荷越高时,T306在3987中表现出较差的减摩抗磨性能,而T307在所考察的浓度或载荷范围内均可有效提高3987的减摩抗磨以及承载性能,其综合性能优于T306,这主要是由于在摩擦表面形成了复杂的含有S、P、N等元素的边界润滑膜,从而能够更好地起到降低摩擦磨损的作用。     

超细铜粉在合成润滑油PAO10中的摩擦学性能

采用高能球磨法和热还原法分别制备了长度为5 μm的片状与粒径为150 nm的球状铜粉。对比了两者在合成润滑油PAO10中的摩擦学性能,并对摩擦机理进行了讨论。结果表明,与不含铜粉的基础油相比,含超细铜粉油样的最大无卡咬负荷（P_B）最高增大了27.5%,P_B与铜粉粒度和形貌关系甚微;摩擦系数(μ)降低了43.6%,磨斑直径(WSD)减小了47.9%;热还原法制备的铜粉由于粒径小、呈球形,具有更优异的减摩抗磨性能。抛光机制、转移膜机制与反应膜机制三者的共同作用使含超细铜粉的润滑油具有良好的摩擦学性能。     

Synthesis and Tribological Properties of Graphene-Copper Nanoparticle Composites as Lithium Grease Additive

In this paper, the graphene-copper nanoparticle composites(GN/Cu NPs) were prepared by in situ chemical reduction in aqueous solution. The influence of pH value and the concentration of PVP on the particle size and structure of the GN/Cu NPs as well as the element distribution were analyzed via the scanning electron microscopy(SEM), the transmission electron microscopy(TEM), the X-ray diffraction(XRD), and the energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS). The tribological properties of the grease with GN/Cu NPs composites have been studied by SRV-IV. It was found that compared to the base grease, the GN/Cu NPs composites could help to reduce the wear loss of the disk by 85.5% and the average friction coefficient by 15.5%. The test results clearly indicated that the addition of the GN/Cu NPs composites significantly enhanced the tribological properties of grease.