建立企业约束机制实行内部市场化管理

实行企业内部市场化管理,即将企业模拟为具有延伸性和含有多元要素的社会,运用经济手段和社会市场机制,把企业内一切物质形态或非物质形态以商品形式进行流通,变无偿为有偿,并辅之以经济调节为主的管理。现在,这种模式已被一些企业所认识并开始推行。     

国有工业企业投资采购将实行规范管理

为加强企业采购的管理,防止国有资产流失,国家经贸委近日制定的《国有工业企业物资采购管理暂行规定》,并要求国有工业企业从今年五月一日起施行,其他行业国有企业也要结合本行业特点贯彻实施。     

地下矿机液压系统特点及适应措施

地下矿山机械的工作条件不同于地面上其它机械,因此它的液压系统具有自己的特点。一般地说,地下矿机的液压事故较多,泄漏严重,总结近年来的使用经验,可找出保证地下矿机液压系统正常工作的一些办法。     

论职业院校实行学分制管理模式的可行性

近年来关于职业院校实行学分管理模式的讨论越来越激烈,并且许多职业院校也正在实施学分制,希望能够通过科学的教学管理模式来提高教书育人的水平,为社会输送更多合格的建设者.结合个人多年实际工作经验,就职业院校实行学分制管理模式的可行性展开探讨,从构建课程体系、改革常规管理等方面提出了改革措施,希望能够起到抛砖引玉的作用.     

建立以预算管理为中心的企业财务管理模式探析

预算管理是企业财务管理的中心环节,建立事前有预测、决策,事中有规划、控制,事后有核算、分析的以预算管理为中心的财务管理模式,是现代企业实现企业经营和经营成果可控在控的有效途径.本文就对建立以预算为中心的财务管理模式进行了分析,以达到提高企业财务管理的目的.     

建立适应社会主义市场经济的国有资产管理与经营体制

国有企业是我国社会经济最重要的组成部分。在由计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转变、经济发展由粗放型向集约型转变过程中,如何搞好国有企业,是能否顺利实现上述两个根本性转变的关键。为此本文拟对我国国有资产管理与经营体制的若干问题作些探讨。 一、按现代市场经济的要求理顺国有资产的产权关系     

企业的量化管理

企业的量化管理是把职工在岗位所要完成的任务进行定量分析，使考核职工的标准公平合理，是一种科学的管理方法。     

露天采场规范管理模式在九架炉采区的建立与应用

随着中国铝业贵州分公司的不断发展,对铝土矿资源需求量的不断加大,面对日益紧张的资源形势,对自有露天矿山的开采力度正以前所未有的速度在不断提高,由于2000年～2005年基于成本等诸多原因的考虑,期间分公司没有下达过多的机械剥离计划,致使第一铝矿九架炉北部采区机械剥离进度严重滞后。因此,加大该采区剥离进度,尽快形成备采矿量是当务之急。文章介绍了对九架炉采区实施规范规范管理模式的做法、效果。     

Using information management to implement a clinical resource management program

BACKGROUND: This article provides a consultant's account of a 250-bed community hospital's experience in implementing the Clinical Resource Management (CRM) program, a four-stage process of using information to identify opportunities for improvement, developing an effective resource management team, implementing process improvement activities, and measuring the impact on outcomes of care. CASE STUDY EXAMPLE--CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE: The chair of the departments of internal medicine and family practice selected congestive heart failure for in-depth study. A task force focused on treatment and patient disposition in the emergency room (ER), where most of the nonelective admissions originated. A set of standardized ER orders was developed that emphasized rapid and effective diuresis through the initiation of a progressive diuretic dosing schedule directly linked to patient response. LESSONS AND REFLECTIONS: Factors critical to the success of the CRM program included allocating adequate time to promote and sell the value and importance of the program, as well as securing the support of both information systems and physicians. The main barriers to success involved limitations in the information system infrastructure and delays attributable to committee review. Short-term results from the CRM program were encouraging, with average lengths of stay reduced by 0.5 days and average costs of care reduced by 12% for the ten diagnoses studied with no adverse results. Nonstudy diagnoses showed no notable improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Recognizing the growing importance of information management not only for clinical decision support but for accommodating all the necessary internal and external reporting requirements will require a significant commitment and investment in technology and personnel resources.     

建立与实施一体化管理体系之实践

如何将质量、环境、职业健康安全管理体系中共用的要素整合在一起,形成一个有机统一的管理体系,是目前许多正在策划和实施整合型管理体系企业非常关心的问题,建立一体化管理体系对于组织实施全面的目标管理和规范化管理、合理使用资源、提高效率具有重要的现实意义。下面,笔者以一钢公司质量、环境、职业健康安全管理体系整合为例,就如何建立与实施一体化管理体系予以探讨,以飧读者。     

School choice, family characteristics, and home-school relations: Contributors to school achievement?

Urban low-income 5th-graders participated in a school-choice study. Families utilizing choice schools (N?=?73) were more likely to be African American, lower-income, and high-risk neighborhood residents than families whose children attended assigned schools (N?=?100). Firm-responsive parenting, family togetherness, and family supportiveness also were linked positively to utilization of choice. Parent involvement in children's schooling was higher in neighborhood schools. School choice positively predicted children's mathematics achievement and school orientation. Parents who chose schools rated the teachers as practicing more parent-involvement strategies than parents of assigned students, but teachers reported equal practices. Parent ratings of school quality did not differ between conditions, nor did teachers or parents report better relationships in either condition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Descriptive, theoretical, and behavioral characteristics of subdoctoral school psychologists.

Reports an analysis of theoretical and behavioral characteristics of a group of applicants and enrollees to an advanced National Defense Education Act Institute held for school psychologists in 1967. Data collected are discussed in relationship to the training, background, theoretical orientation preferences, work load and time allocation to alternate school psychology activities, and behavioral characteristics of applicants and enrollees. Findings suggest that theoretical orientation does appear to effect dimensions of school psychology practice. Factor analyses and step-wise regressions were completed on both paper-pencil measures and observational data obtained from video tape analysis. Results suggest that school psychologists have been recruited for the most part from the ranks of teachers and counselors within the public school setting. Traditional and novel predictors and multiple criteria are discussed in relationship to the emergence of a task-oriented social-learning model for school psychology training and practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Job characteristics, work–school conflict, and school outcomes among adolescents: Testing a structural model.

A conceptual model of work–school conflict was developed and tested. This study extends prior adolescent employment research by investigating the process by which job characteristics are associated with school outcomes. Data were obtained from a sample of 319 adolescents (16 to 19 years old) who were full-time students and part-time workers. The model was tested using structural equation modeling techniques. Results supported the hypothesized path model. Job characteristics (workload, number of work hours, and job dissatisfaction) were positively related to work–school conflict. Work–school conflict was negatively related to school readiness. School readiness was positively related to school performance, which was negatively associated with school dissatisfaction. In addition, results support a feedback relation, such that school dissatisfaction is negatively related to school readiness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Practicing school psychologists: Their characteristics, activities, and populations served.

Administered the National School Psychology Questionnaire, which was developed for the present study, to a nationwide, random sample of 877 school psychologists. The measure was designed to assess demographic characteristics, actual and desired activities, and actual and desired amount of time spent with various student groups. Results indicate that the majority of time was spent in assessment (54%), followed by intervention (23%), consultation (19%), and research (1%). A reduction in assessment and increases in intervention, consultation, and research were desired. Ss devoted 84% of their time to exceptional students, whereas they wanted to spend more time with the general school population and less time with learning disabled and mentally retarded students. A regional analysis indicated a more clinical approach to school psychology in the northeastern US and a more assessment-oriented approach in the Southeast. Ss in schools with a student ratio of less than 1:1,500 devoted more time to intervention and less time to assessment than did Ss in schools where the student-to-psychologist ratio was higher. It is noted that, despite the documented desire by school psychologists to alter their roles and functions, few changes in recent practices have occurred. (11 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The planum temporale: a systematic, quantitative review of its structural, functional and clinical significance

The planum temporale (PT) is a triangular area situated on the superior temporal gyrus (STG), which has enjoyed a resurgence of interest across several disciplines, including neurology, psychiatry and psychology. Traditionally, the planum is thought to be larger on the left side of the brain in the majority of normal subjects [N. Geschwind, W. Levitsky, Human brain: left-right asymmetries in temporal speech regions, Science 161 (1968) 186-87.]. It coincides with part of Wernicke's area and it is believed to consist cytoarchitectonically of secondary auditory cortex. Consequently, it has long been thought to be intimately involved in language function. The PT is, therefore, of relevance to disorders where language function is impaired, such as schizophrenia and dyslexia. The gross anatomical boundaries remain in dispute, and only recently has its cytoarchitecture begun to be studied again after 60 years silence, and finally its functional significance is only now being explored. In the first part of this review the structural aspects and anatomical boundaries of the PT in the normal brain from post mortem and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and methods of measurement are discussed. In the second part, studies of the functional significance of the PT in the normal brain are reviewed critically. Finally a meta-analysis of MRI measurements of the distribution of planum anatomy in normal subjects is presented. Comparison is made with clinical populations, including schizophrenia and dyslexia, and the influence of handedness and gender on such measurements is quantified. Although there are many ways of defining and measuring the PT with a wide variety of results, overall there is a significant leftward asymmetry in normals, which is reduced in left handers and females. The leftward asymmetry is much reduced in patients with schizophrenia due to a relatively larger right PT than normal controls. The review is intended to guide future researchers in this area.     

校长职责与学校管理

随着我国基础教育新的课程管理体系开始试运行,使教育管理体制改革更加深入,学校将获得更多具有实质意义的办学自主权.校长职责与学校管理将是新时期值得研究的重要内容之一.