一种基于本体的概念相似度计算及其应用

概念的语义相似度研究,是知识表示以及信息检索领域中的一个重要内容。本文提出了基于语义相似度和相关度的综合概念相似度计算方法,考虑了语义距离和本体库特征,加入概念的信息重合度、概念的深度、概念的密度和不对称因子的辅助影响。通过实验和两种传统的语义相似度计算方法进行对比,本方法能更好地区分本体树中不同关系的概念对,验证了该方法的有效性。     

改进的本体语义相似度计算方法

概念的语义相似度研究,是知识表示以及信息检索领域中的一个重要内容。通过分析两种传统的语义相似度计算方法,对它们存在的问题进行改进,提出了一种综合的基于本体的概念语义相似度计算方法。该方法结合本体的DAG网状结构特征和语义距离计算中的多种语义影响因素,充分利用本体中概念的语义来计算概念间的语义相似度。实验结果比较合理,验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种基于本体的概念语义相似度计算研究

概念的语义相似度研究,是知识表示以及信息检索领域中的一个重要内容.通过分析两种传统的语义相似度计算方法,对它们存在的问题进行改进,提出了一种综合的基于本体的概念语义相似度计算方法.该方法结合本体网络特征和语义距离计算中的多种语义影响因素,充分利用本体中概念的语义信息计算概念间的语义相似度.实验结果比较合理,验证了该方法的有效性.     

基于医疗本体的语义相似度评估方法

为了能够正确地理解医疗概念和精确地分析临床记录,提出了一种基于概念信息量的方法来衡量概念之间的语义相似度.引进了计算概念信息量的算法,从医疗本体的分类知识中来计算概念的信息量.介绍和分析了常用的语义相似度算法,根据概念的信息量来重定义这些语义相似度算法,产生新的基于概念信息量的语义相似度算法.通过使用一个医疗术语的评估标准和一个标准的医疗本体来评估和比较这些算法.实验结果表明,相比常用的语义相似度算法,重定义后的算法有效地改善了概念相似性评估的准确性.     

概念与文档的语义相似度计算

将本体作为背景知识引入到概念之间相似度和文档之间相似度的计算中。通过图模型表示本体中概念以及概念之间的语义关系,用来将一个概念和一个文档扩展为一个语义模糊集,并计算模糊集合之间的相似度。文档相似度的计算是在概念相似度计算的基础之上。在概念相似度的计算过程中引入了语义相似度矩阵以及基于共信息理论的模糊相似度方法。     

制造资源本体的概念语义相似度研究

为了实现制造资源本体之间的语义互操作,对本体中的概念进行语义相似性计算为进行此操作的关键技术之一。本文提出了一种计算概念语义相似度的新方法,将概念语义相似度分为两部分：主体相似度和附加相似度。主体相似度综合考虑了概念自身的相似度,该概念的父概念和子概念间的相似度,以及概念间的二元关系,同时,加入了概念属性相似度,属性携带了概念的大部分语义信息,计算属性相似度可以有效提高概念语义相似度的准确性。附加相似性是指通过本体中概念的层次结构对主体相似度进行语义补充,利用概念的深度对得到的概念语义相似度进行语义调整,有效的弥补了仅仅利用主体相似度计算概念语义相似度的不足。最后,通过实例证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于本体概念的柔性相似度计算方法研究

本体可以提供强大的知识表示方法,是信息检索领域中的重要内容。传统的本体概念相似度计算方法大多采用特定于描述语言的通用推理服务来进行匹配,这些方法忽略了概念的语义信息。通过设计一个基于OWL本体的语义检索模型,介绍了如何通过概念的属性以及层次关系来表达概念的语义,计算概念间的柔性相似度。实验结果表明,该方法能充分利用OWL属性特征与层次关系来计算相关概念之间的柔性相似度,可以根据需要动态地调节匹配范围,并给出其在文本分类中的应用。     

基于知识图的汉语词汇语义相似度计算

提出了一种基于知识图的汉语词汇相似度计算方法,该方法以《知网》2005版为语义知识资源,以知识图为知识表示方法,在构造词图的基础上,以知网中的语义关系为依据对词汇概念中的义原进行分类,通过计算不同类型义原的相似度得到概念的相似度;为了对词汇相似度计算方法进行客观评价,设计了词汇相似度计算方法的量化评价模型;采用该模型对所提出的计算方法进行评价,试验结果证明此方法的有效度为89.1%。     

一种基于本体的概念语义相似度方法的研究

提出了一种计算不同本体中概念间语义相似度的方法，该方法通过比较实例间的相似度获得初始概念间语义相似度，结合影响概念间语义相似度的两个系数，计算出最终的概念间语义相似度。与概率统计方法进行比较，验证了该方法的有效性。该研究工作可以应用于面向Web的知识检索领域。     

基于贝叶斯网络的概念间语义相似度计算

概念间语义相似度研究是知识表示和信息检索领域中的一个重要内容,也是自然语言处理研究的重要组成部分,是人工智能领域中一个亟待解决的问题。本文在本体的基础上,对传统的相似度计算模型进行改进,提出一种基于贝叶斯网络的概率推理方法,改进概念间语义距离的计算,从而提高了语义相似度计算模型的效果;同时采用D-分离的方法,解决了在推理过中的计算复杂性。     

Fuzzy rule-based similarity model enables learning from small case bases

The concept of similarity plays a fundamental role in case-based reasoning. However, the meaning of “similarity” can vary in situations and is largely domain dependent. This paper proposes a novel similarity model consisting of linguistic fuzzy rules as the knowledge container. We believe that fuzzy rules representation offers a more flexible means to express the knowledge and criteria for similarity assessment than traditional similarity metrics. The learning of fuzzy similarity rules is performed by exploiting the case base, which is utilized as a valuable resource with hidden knowledge for similarity learning. A sample of similarity is created from a pair of known cases in which the vicinity of case solutions reveals the similarity of case problems. We do pair-wise comparisons of cases in the case base to derive adequate training examples for learning fuzzy similarity rules. The empirical studies have demonstrated that the proposed approach is capable of discovering fuzzy similarity knowledge from a rather low number of cases, giving rise to the competence of CBR systems to work on a small case library.     

Establishment of transverse beam engineering knowledge coding of door-shaped structure and case-based similarity method

This study uses an overall knowledge framework concept to carry out engineering knowledge framework categorization for a door-shaped structure. Based on the engineering knowledge and important parameters, combined with agent technology, this study establishes the transverse beam engineering knowledge coding and a case-based similarity method for door-shaped structures. According to the coding model, we establish an associated case-based knowledgebase to carry out data search and inference application so as to shorten the working time. This study only considers the analytic problems of the natural frequency and stress of transverse beams. Looking at these problems, this study establishes different kinds of boundary conditions and load range in sequential order, as well as the related detail parameter coding. Finally, taking a case study which includes the general direct calculation through programs and the detailed dimension trans-coding as an example, this study establishes an automatic mesh model for finite element analysis to solve the analytical problems of vibration and stress. Through the weighting factor, similarity analysis is conducted to search for the similar cases. Furthermore, taking the most similar case located as the foundation, and matching it with regression analysis, this study carries out revised calculation and comparative investigation to rapidly acquire the analytic results. Thus, the proposed method can also shorten the time required for knowledge searching and design analysis by similar structures.     

基于维基百科的领域概念语义知识库的自动构建方法*

针对为检索服务的语义知识库存在的内容不全面和不准确的问题,提出一种基于维基百科的软件工程领域概念语义知识库的构建方法;首先,以SWEBOK V3概念为标准,从维基百科提取概念的解释文本,并抽取其关键词表示概念的语义;其次,通过概念在维基百科中的层次关系、概念与其它概念解释文本关键词之间的链接关系、不同概念解释文本关键词之间的链接关系构建概念语义知识库;接着, LDA主题模型分别和TF-IDF算法、TextRank算法相结合的两种方法抽取关键词;最后,对构建好的概念语义知识库用随机游走算法计算概念间的语义相似度;将实验结果与人工标注结果对比发现,本方法构建的语义知识库语义相似度准确率能够达到84%以上;充分验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于多重继承与信息内容的知网词语相似度计算

针对目前中文词语语义相似度方法中,基于信息内容的算法研究不足的问题,对知网信息模型上使用基于信息内容的中文词语相似度算法进行了研究。根据知网采用语义表达式表示知识而缺乏完整概念结构的特点,通过抽取知网语义表达式中的抽象概念,结合原知网义原树构建具有多重继承特征的知网义项网作为基于信息内容的计算本体。根据该义项网,对基于信息内容的词语相似度算法进行了改进,提出了新的信息内容含量计算方法。经过Miller&Charles（MC30）基准平台的测试,验证了基于信息内容方法在计算中文语义相似度方面的可行性,也证明了本文的计算策略和改进算法的合理性。     

基于案例推理的信息系统业务流程知识重用技术研究

本文在研究信息系统业务流程设计的知识表示与重用技术的基础上,提出了一种基于案例的智能化设计知识重用方法进行信息系统业务流程设计.重用方法包含案例表示、基于相似度算法和智能聚类的案例检索、案例优化、案例库组织四个方面.综合四个方面,实现了基于案例推理的业务流程案例检索和知识重用实验系统原型,并进行了实验.实验结果表明本重用方法具有较好的可行性、有效性、效率与质量.     

Learning fuzzy rules for similarity assessment in case-based reasoning

Fundamental to case-based reasoning is the assumption that similar problems have similar solutions. The meaning of the concept of “similarity” can vary in different situations and remains an issue. This paper proposes a novel similarity model consisting of fuzzy rules to represent the semantics and evaluation criteria for similarity. We believe that fuzzy if-then rules present a more powerful and flexible means to capture domain knowledge for utility oriented similarity modeling than traditional similarity measures based on feature weighting. Fuzzy rule-based reasoning is utilized as a case matching mechanism to determine whether and to which extent a known case in the case library is similar to a given problem in query. Further, we explain that such fuzzy rules for similarity assessment can be learned from the case library using genetic algorithms. The key to this is pair-wise comparisons of cases with known solutions in the case library such that sufficient training samples can be derived for genetic-based fuzzy rule learning. The evaluations conducted have shown the superiority of the proposed method in similarity modeling over traditional schemes as well as the feasibility of learning fuzzy similarity rules from a rather small case base while still yielding competent system performance.     

Ontology-driven web-based semantic similarity

Estimation of the degree of semantic similarity/distance between concepts is a very common problem in research areas such as natural language processing, knowledge acquisition, information retrieval or data mining. In the past, many similarity measures have been proposed, exploiting explicit knowledge—such as the structure of a taxonomy—or implicit knowledge—such as information distribution. In the former case, taxonomies and/or ontologies are used to introduce additional semantics; in the latter case, frequencies of term appearances in a corpus are considered. Classical measures based on those premises suffer from some problems: in the first case, their excessive dependency of the taxonomical/ontological structure; in the second case, the lack of semantics of a pure statistical analysis of occurrences and/or the ambiguity of estimating concept statistical distribution from term appearances. Measures based on Information Content (IC) of taxonomical concepts combine both approaches. However, they heavily depend on a properly pre-tagged and disambiguated corpus according to the ontological entities in order to compute accurate concept appearance probabilities. This limits the applicability of those measures to other ontologies –like specific domain ontologies- and massive corpus –like the Web-. In this paper, several of the presented issues are analyzed. Modifications of classical similarity measures are also proposed. They are based on a contextualized and scalable version of IC computation in the Web by exploiting taxonomical knowledge. The goal is to avoid the measures’ dependency on the corpus pre-processing to achieve reliable results and minimize language ambiguity. Our proposals are able to outperform classical approaches when using the Web for estimating concept probabilities.     

基于知识图谱的雷达软件测试用例复用研究

为了更加充分地利用雷达软件测试用例与其他测试知识的关系,进一步优化雷达软件测试用例复用效果,提出了一种基于知识图谱的雷达软件测试用例复用方法.该方法依据雷达软件测试本体关系模型,从现有的雷达软件测试管理系统中抽取测试知识构建雷达软件测试知识图谱,以实体特征属性文本的语义相似度匹配为基础,结合知识推荐和协同过滤推荐技术建...     

基于混合推理的仿真实验设计方法智能选择

针对仿真实验设计方法众多而在实际应用中难以准确选择的问题,提出一种用于仿真实验设计方法智能选择的混合推理方法.首先,给出了基于混合推理的仿真实验智能化设计流程;然后,针对案例检索策略,将仿真实验设计案例的属性分为三种类型,分别给出其属性差异度量模型及特征值归一化方法,并采用训练后的神经网络模型分配属性权重;进一步,当推荐的案例未能满足给定的相似度阈值时,引入属性优先级的概念,提出了一种基于规则的柔性逐层推理方法;在此基础上,设计了案例库和规则库;最后,通过实验验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

粗糙Vague集(值)相似性度量的一种新方法

对粗糙集和Vague集的概念、知识表示方法进行了讨论,把粗糙集和Vague集进行了融合,描述了粗糙Vague集概念,给出粗糙Vague值的相关概念及其相似性度量的一种新方法,研究了粗糙Vague集的相关性质及其相似性度量的方法。