中国生态城镇发展现状问题的批判性分析

为了实现节能减排,中国不少城市将生态域的发展作为城镇发展的战略目标.生态城的规划和建设成为中国当前城市发展的一个重要主题.然而,在中国生态城的规划和建设过程中存在一系列的问题.在对中国生态城镇调研和案例分析的基础上,作者论述了中国生态城的发展现状和存在的7个主要的共性问题.作者认为作为一种创新型的城市发展模式,中国生态城镇在探索过程中出现各种各样的问题是难免的,尽管存在困惑,但仍然在成长.     

生态型城市规划标准研究

认为生态型城市规划标准对于生态城市规划建设具有积极的意义与作用,是城市规划专业实质性介入生态城市规划建设的重要举措之一。提出了建立生态型城市规划标准的三个途径,提出了生态型城市规划标准矩阵的设想和构成内容。以上海市为例,分析了生态型城市规划标准具体指标的选取与应用方法。     

The role of international actors in low-carbon transitions of Shenzhen's International Low Carbon City in China

This study looks into one of the most promising low carbon city planning initiatives in China, namely Shenzhen's International Low Carbon City (ILCC). First as a collaborative project between the Dutch and Chinese partners, the ILCC's international partners have expanded to include other countries, such as Germany, Italy, France, Australia and the US. This paper investigates the influence of these international actors in the development process of the ILCC and their benefits in the long run, through knowledge transfer and accumulation of resource.The paper first highlights a broad understanding of ‘low carbon city’ followed by detailed discussions on discourses of ‘low carbon city’, ‘eco-city’, and ‘low carbon eco-city’ in China. Then it provides insights on knowledge transfer in low carbon city development, and particularly the Sino-Foreign cases of China. The authors then introduce the case of study (ILCC) and highlight its visions, project planning, and partnerships. Using primary and secondary data, it then maps the ILCC's international actors and their roles, and then analyses their behaviours and impacts in the project's planning and development process. Next, the paper summarises the research findings with further updates on the case of ILCC. The authors conclude that the engagement between Chinese and international partners differ in three forms and they are (1) the type of involvement; (2) the level and timeframe of involvement; (3) the level of Influence in the project's multiple stages. The paper concludes that the role played by an international partner evolves as the project proceeds.     

基于“生态城市”理念的城市规划工作改进研究

目前,我国的城乡发展面临着巨大的变革。随着城市化日程的不断加速,生态城市成为可持续发展的最佳选择。本文对基于“生态城市”理念的城市规划工作改进进行了探究和分析,以期对我国生态城市的规划工作有所参考。     

生态城绿色街区可持续发展指标系统构建

分析了可持续发展理论的研究进程和我国生态城建设实践中的问题,以可持续发展指标的理论内涵和研究方法为基础,从指标的要素选择、具体内容确定、实施策略、指标测评和修正等方面建立生态城绿色街区可持续发展指标系统。以指标系统为指导原则,为提出具有实效性的生态城市规划策略提供科学依据,弥补当前生态城规划在中微观层面研究的不足,为生态城的规划建设提供科学、有效的指导。     

上海生态城市建设及绿色建筑发展

建设生态城市是上海发展的愿景,文章简要分析了上海在生态城市建设和绿色建筑发展方面的现状和趋势,并从建筑师的角度出发,提出了其在生态城市建设和绿色建筑发展方面的主要策略。     

对中国生态城现状问题的批判性分析

为了实现节能减排,中国不少城市将生态城的发展作为城镇发展的战略目标。通过对中国生态城镇的调研以及对生态城镇的理解,提出生态城镇应当实现经济、环境和社会的一体化和可持续发展,生态城镇的基本任务是实现发展模式和生活方式的转变。以此为基础,论述了中国生态城的发展现状和七个主要的共性问题。     

浅淡生态城市规划设计

生态城市建设在我国已取得了一定成绩,但仍存在不足。在此背景下,本文分析了我国生态城市规划设计中存在的问题,并有针对性地提出了我国生态城市发展策略。     

Analysis Framework for the Low Carbon Eco-City Regulatory Plan Administration System: The Case Study on the Planning of Eco-City of Taihu New City,Wuxi, China

Chinese cities need the appropriate administration system and governance model to support the implementation of low carbon eco-city projects, and to effectively scale up this urban development model across the nation. Currently, local planning authorities are piloting the implementation of these low carbon eco-city projects through the statutory Regulatory Plans system(the local district zoning plans system). However, the focus has been put primarily on the use of the relevant technologies and the control through design approval. There is a lack on research and study on the establishment of an effective planning administration and governance environment for the subsequent promulgation of this development model. This situation is affecting the speed in the scaling up of the implementation of low carbon ecological projects in Chinese cities. This paper argues that while technology applications and design issues are important factors, attention shall be put to setting up innovative planning administration and governance models for the statutory Regulatory Plan to facilitate the implementation of the low carbon eco-city projects. This paper puts forth an analysis framework on the administration and governance system which includes 4 governance components:(1) Administration platform and local capacity;(2) Planning conditions and approval process;(3) External public policy context;(4) Developers involvement and participation. A case study was undertaken based on Taihu New City eco-city project located at Wuxi, China. Based on research and analysis of the project implementation process, the study examines the challenges faced by the local planning offi cials and development companies during the implementation stage of the low carbon eco-city project. Finally this paper puts forth initial recommendations that could lead to further research in this important area.     

Khartoum

Khartoum is the capital of a country whose creation resulted more from colonial politicians' desires for straight boundaries than from local social or political realities. This profile traces Khartoum's history of growth and planning legislation since its establishment as an administrative capital at the turn of the century. The city, developed from three separate towns, grew rapidly after independence as administrative functions grew and industrial development started. However, lack of an effective mechanism for planning and control of the city's growth has meant that a pattern of sprawling low-density land uses has developed, with inadequate services and deteriorating environmental standards. What planning control does exist operates through land-use zoning and building byelaws, though often arbitrarily applied. Planning problems are exacerbated by high population growth rates and national economic problems.     

基于可持续发展理念的规划策略——天津市“中新生态城”解读

天津"中新生态城"将为我国城市的可持续发展提供又一创新实践.笔者从各个方面对"中新生态城"规划策略的可持续发展理念进行解读.认为,"中新生态城"的成功与否不仅在于其本身的创新实践,更要关注这一创新实践能否在我国的广大地区得以推广和复制.     

红色革命老区绿色山水新城——安徽省金寨县新行政办公区规划设计回顾

在金寨这个地域特色突出的城市进行新行政办公区的规划处于一种复杂的境地。方案很难摆脱建筑群规划设计的时代流行趋向这一强势话语的控制。在当前的时代背景下,理想与现实之间总是具有相当大的一段距离。在金寨新行政办公区的规划设计中,建筑师力求认识现实,从具体的地域环境出发,寻求能获得共识的、改良式的发展交流途径,为绿色山水城市的建设找到一条现实可行的循序渐进之路。     

世界生态城市——上海东滩生态城的规划实践

文章在中国城市化危机的背景下提出生态城市是中国城市发展的必然选择,同时对东滩在全球化视野以及地域维度下应用生态城市理论进行批判性思考。并审慎乐观地认为通过东滩实践,可以渐进式地实现可持续的、多元价值的社会经济秩序,最终达到生态城市的理想。     

How to Build a Sandcastle: An Analysis of the Genesis and Development of Masdar City

Fuelled by an increasing diffusion of “green-consciousness” in urban politics, the eco-city has recently gained momentum. In the last decade, several governments from different areas of the world have approved plans for the construction of new master-planned urban developments aiming to find a balance with nature. The eco-city phenomenon is inscribed in a critical spatio-temporal context and its effects will arguably have a strong influence on our near future. Today, cities drain most of the global resources, have a major impact on the environment, and attract an increasing percentage of the world's population. Should the mainstream projections on 2050 prove to be correct, what we build now is and will be of primary importance. Hence, it is time to bring our current paradigms into question. This paper acknowledges the popularity that the eco-city has achieved in planning and mainstream discourses on sustainable development and aims to develop an understanding of the phenomenon on the basis of empirical analysis. More specifically, the paper focuses on the nexus between eco-cities and sustainability ideology to show how the latter is understood and applied in the development of new settlements. Using Masdar City as a case study, the three canonic dimensions of sustainability: the economic, the social, and the environmental, are here explored, and their respective weight evaluated. Ultimately, it will be shown how the foundations of the eco-city are strongly grounded in economic concerns and how the social and environmental aspects form only a layer aiming to hide the real nature of the phenomenon.     

生态城区考核评价指标体系的构建

目前生态城区规划已成为继生态城市、生态工业园区、生态小区规划之后的又一个热潮，生态城区作为生态城市建设的一部分，在生态城区建设过程中发挥着其独特的功能和作用。生态城区与生态城市在构建指标体系时也有所区别，参考国内外生态城市指标体系的特点，构建生态城区独具特色的指标体系，建立相应的评价指标体系，并确定评价指标相应的标准值和权重。提出了对指标体系进行评价，来衡量城区发展的生态化水平，以指标体系来衡量生态城区建设的进展。     

浅议资源型城市的低碳生态化建设——以枣庄中心城区为例

我国资源型城市普遍面临着未来城市发展方向的忧虑。本文从资源型城市面临的资源枯竭、环境堪忧、经济发展动力不足等因素谈起,分析了这类城市建设低碳生态城市的必然性以及低碳生态城市所具有的优势。并以山东枣庄中心城区为例,分析其城市发展面对的具体困难,针对性的提出了建设低碳生态城市的方法和途径。     

广州海珠生态城生态安全格局的基础构建研究

伴随着经济的快速发展,我国城 市与自然生态保护的矛盾日益突出,生态安 全已经成为我国城市空间发展的重要前提。 作为广州市新型城市化背景下生态城市规划 的样本和示范,海珠生态城未来将建设成为 “以万亩果园为核心、具有岭南水乡魅力的 花城、水城、绿城特色生态城市样板区”。 构建海珠生态城的生态安全格局极为重要, 规划不应仅停留于理念、目标和方法研究 层面,而应更加突出生态文明实践,从战略 构想逐步走向规划实施。本文对海珠生态 城的生态安全格局的基础构建进行分析研 究,对广州中心城区的生态安全格局进行了 积极的探索     

生态城市在中国的现状与发展

目前,我国正积极构建社会主义和谐社会,以保护生态环境,实现人与自然的和谐相处。因此,城市未来的发展方向就是生态城市。本文以中新天津生态城和无锡太湖新城为出发点,分析了我国生态城市的现状,探讨了我国生态城市未来发展的对策。     

典型生态城建设指标对比分析

面对我国生态城市建设的迫切需求,笔者对比分析了欧洲绿色城市指数评价体系、美国LEED-ND、中新天津生态城指标、重庆市绿色低碳生态城区评价指标体系等4个国内外典型生态城建设指标体系,以推进生态城市的建设与健康发展。各指标体系在生态城市建设的目标和指导原则、城市功能与基础设施建设、绿色交通与低碳出行、自然生态系统构建和保护、能源利用与资源节约、人的行为层面的管理等方面具有共性特征。此外,生态城指标体系的建设应充分结合城市所在地自然环境、资源条件以及发展规划与定位,合理制定适合自身的指标体系。     

创建绿色社区,促进生态城市建设

在综合绿色社区与生态城市概念及研究进展的基础上,探讨了二者之间的内在联系,指出绿色社区对于生态城市建设具有普遍的现实意义,创建绿色社区,将会促进生态城市建设,并对创建绿色社区过程中所可能出现的问题进行了分析。