甲醇合成工艺过程模拟研究

为进一步提升甲醇的产量、质量并降低甲醇合成生产过程中的能耗，在对甲醇合成工艺进行简单分析的基础上，基于原串并联甲醇合成工艺经过初步改造形成2种串联甲醇合成工艺流程和一种并联甲醇工艺流程，重点对上述4种甲醇合成工艺流程的产品质量、产量以及能耗等指标进行对比，最终确定采用并联甲醇合成工艺制备甲醇为最佳。     

用低温甲醇净化不含硫原料气的工艺流程简化

采用低温甲醇洗净化系统模拟软件（ＲＰＳ）,针对合成氨原料气中不含硫的情况,研究了采用低温甲醇脱除ＣＯ２的净化工艺流程,最终组合成一个结构简单、能耗较低的工艺流程,供工业设计选用。     

用低温甲醇净化不含硫原料气的工艺 程简化

采用低温甲醇洗净化系统模拟软件（ＲＰＳ）,针对合成氨原料气中不含硫的情况,研究了采用低温甲醇脱除ＣＯ２的净化工艺流程,最终组合成一个结构简单、能耗较低的工艺流程,供工业设计选用。     

"煤代油"低温甲醇洗工艺流程改造方案的研究

采用低温甲醇洗净化系统模拟软件(RPS)对某化肥厂的低温甲醇洗净化工艺流程的实际运行状况及设备能力进行分析,提出了原料由渣油改为煤后的低温甲醇洗工艺流程改造方案,为"煤代油"改造工程提供了可靠的依据.     

Aspen-Plus模拟甲醇精制过程

主要模拟在采用天然气为原材料生产甲醇工艺流程中,分析了粗甲醇的组分的组成,查阅了相关的资料,了解各组分的沸点和物性参数等性质;运用ASPEN PLUS化工模拟软件中RADFRAC严格法精馏模块对甲醇多元组分系统精制过程。从能耗角度考虑,在达到相同分离要求的前提下,三塔模拟工艺流程所需的能耗小于双塔模拟工艺流程能耗,同时小于单塔模拟工艺流程能耗。     

甲醇合成工艺中一些新技术的应用

以某年产甲醇15万吨装置为例,分析甲醇合成传统工艺流程中存在的不足,在传统工艺流程的基础上进行一些技术改进和设计优化。通过采用板壳式换热器替换管壳式换热器,甲醇分离器内部增加高效分离元件,应用PRISM膜分离回收弛放气等创新技术,提高甲醇合成装置的整体效率。     

合成氨中压联醇系统优化设计研究

针对合成氨中压联醇系统优化设计的多项选择,对比了中压联醇工艺流程;通过对甲醇合成反应热和最适宜温度的计算,分析了甲醇合成塔的内件结构、工艺特点和使用情况;论述了甲醇催化剂的还原和中毒以及甲醇精馏工艺的选择.结果表明,2万t/a以上联醇工艺流程宜采用前置式副产蒸汽流程,甲醇精馏以3塔精馏流程为宜.     

碎煤移动床气化联产油、天然气、甲醇等化工产品新工艺

简述了碎煤移动床气化特点和联产工艺流程,分析了联产工艺流程中粗煤气变换,甲醇、天然气联产技术方案,甲醇、天然气最佳产量比,低位热能利用,煤气冷凝废水处理等问题。通过对联产工艺技术经济指标分析,认为通过甲醇弛放气合成天然气方案与采用深冷分离出合成气中CH4生产天然气,CO、H2合成甲醇方案相比较,前者更具竞争力。     

煤层气非催化转化制甲醇生产工艺设计与化工设备

采用非催化转化制甲醇生产工艺对煤层气的开发利用进行设计。通过对煤层气非催化转化制甲醇生产工艺流程的物料衡算可知:基于每年连续生产280 d和处理1亿m3煤层气计算,1年可获得精制甲醇产品约3.8万t。经过对煤层气非催化转化制甲醇生产工艺流程、物料和化工设备的设计,为大规模煤层气化开发利用提供依据和指导。     

低温甲醇洗与甲烷深冷回收相结合工艺的研究

本文阐述了低温甲醇洗工艺在鲁奇炉煤气制甲醇工艺流程中气体净化工段的应用以及深冷回收甲烷的新方法.传统的合成甲醇工艺为在原料气体经过净化后进入甲烷转化装置,而本设计流程省去了甲烷转化装置,得到了较纯净的甲烷副产品,可作为国内LPC燃料和天然气的替代和补充.采用低温甲醇洗工艺和深冷分离相结合的工艺流程,有效地脱除了H2S和CO2,回收了合成甲醇工段的惰性气体甲烷.本文用通用流程模拟软件对全流程进行了模拟和优化分析,设计出了更加节能的工艺流程.     

复合材料产品设计和开发中的工艺设计和控制

工艺设计是采用先进的工艺设计方案、科学合理、经济可行地实现产品的设计意图。而工艺设计的控制是确保工艺设计可以达到规定目标的适宜性,充分性和有效性的的重要保障,从而使工艺设计能够完全、正确、统一、协调。本文结合复合材料气瓶阐述了复合材料产品设计和开发中的工艺设计程序及控制内容。     

PTA氧化过程在线工艺计算技术开发与应用

介绍PTA氧化过程在线工艺计算技术开发与现场实施的重点和难点,利用基于氧化反应机理的过程模型,结合现场实施的在线模型参数校正及化验数据偏差校正的双重校正技术,开发在线工艺计算软件包,并在工业现场PTA氧化过程在线计算上得到成功应用。     

A feedback control framework for safe and economically‐optimal operation of nonlinear processes

Maintaining safe operation of chemical processes and meeting environmental constraints are issues of paramount importance in the area of process systems and control engineering, and are ideally achieved while maximizing economic profit. It has long been argued that process safety is fundamentally a process control problem, yet few research efforts have been directed toward integrating the rather disparate domains of process safety and process control. Economic model predictive control (EMPC) has attracted significant attention recently due to its ability to optimize process operation accounting directly for process economics considerations. However, there is very limited work on the problem of integrating safety considerations in EMPC to ensure simultaneous safe operation and maximization of process profit. Motivated by the above considerations, this work develops three EMPC schemes that adjust in real‐time the size of the safety sets in which the process state should reside to ensure safe process operation and feedback control of the process state while optimizing economics via time‐varying process operation. Recursive feasibility and closed‐loop stability are established for a sufficiently small EMPC sampling period. The proposed schemes, which effectively integrate feedback control, process economics, and safety considerations, are demonstrated with a chemical process example. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2391–2409, 2016     

Process flow sheet synthesis: Systems‐level design applied to synthetic crude production

A novel approach for conceptual design for process flow sheets at the “systems‐level” is showcased in this article. A graphical technique, called the “GH‐space,” is used to analyze the flows of material, heat and work within a process to provide insight into the interactions of various units within the process. Any unit process, which interacts with the surroundings by transferring heat and work, can be represented as a vector on the GH‐space. While material and energy balances are normally performed on a flowsheet, this vectored approach allows the material and energy balances to be used to construct a flowsheet. This article focuses on using the GH‐space to synthesis a synthetic fuels flowsheet. It was shown that a process could be designed that not only produced the desired product but could also consume carbon dioxide as a feed, along with the feeds of methane and oxygen, and could even potentially generate electricity. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 5413–5424, 2017     

固体酸烷基化工艺技术综述

综述了固体酸烷基化催化剂和烷基化工艺的研究进展,重点介绍了Akzo Nobel/ABB Lummus的AlkyClean技术、UOP公司的Alkylene技术、Haldor Topsoe公司的FBA技术和Lurgi公司的Eurofuel技术.     

Technical progresses for PVC production

This review covers recent development of PVC production technologies of the suspension polymerization process, the bulk (mass) polymerization process and the emulsion polymerization process with some historical background. The development of process for the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) production is also explained briefly. Since the suspension process is regarded to be the most important process with its 80% share of the world total production, this review follows mainly the technology development of the suspension polymerization process. Because of the importance of hygienic problems caused by VCM, the technology development in the field of emission control is also covered.     

A tribute to professor Roger Sargent: Intellectual leader of process systems engineering

This article and this issue of the AIChE Journal, is a tribute to Professor Roger Sargent who, as pioneer and intellectual leader of process systems engineering, has had a profound impact on the discipline of chemical engineering. Spanning more than five decades, his work has provided a strong mathematical foundation to process systems engineering through the development of sophisticated mathematical and computational tools for the simulation, design, control, operation and optimization of chemical processes. In this article we first give a brief overview of his career that included several leadership positions and the establishment of the Centre for Process Systems Engineering (CPSE) at Imperial College London. We next review his research contributions in the areas of process modeling, differential algebraic systems, process dynamics and control, nonlinear optimization and optimal control, design under uncertainty, and process scheduling. We highlight the tremendous impact that he has had through his students, students' students, and his entire academic family tree, which at present contains over 2000 names, probably one of the largest among the academic leaders of chemical engineering. Finally, we provide a brief overview of him as a modest and charming individual with a wonderful sense of humor. He is without doubt a true intellectual giant who has helped to expand the scope of chemical engineering by providing a strong systems component to it, and by establishing strong multidisciplinary links with other fields. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2951–2958, 2016     

Smart manufacturing: Handling preventive actuator maintenance and economics using model predictive control

Integrating components and systems of the manufacturing process is an important area of research to enable the future development and deployment of the Smart Manufacturing paradigm. An economic model predictive control (EMPC) scheme is proposed that effectively integrates scheduled preventive control actuator maintenance, process economics, and process control into a unified methodology. To accomplish this goal, a Lyapunov‐based EMPC (LEMPC) scheme is formulated for handling changing number of online actuators (i.e., changing number of manipulated inputs). Closed‐loop stability under the proposed LEMPC is proven. Subsequently, the LEMPC is applied to a chemical process network used for benzene alkylation to demonstrate that the LEMPC can maintain stability and improve dynamic economic performance of the process network in the presence of changing number of available control actuators resulting from scheduled preventive maintenance tasks. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 2179–2196, 2014     

醇氨联产工艺经济优化方案的讨论

醇氨联产工艺技术可以改变合成氨企业产品结构单一的局面,增强企业的市场应变能力。但该工艺的选用,还需与低能耗、低排放技术相结合。依据生产企业实际投资和操作费用,对中、高压醇烷化以及中、低压甲醇合成进行了分析比较,结果表明:在设计使用年限内综合考虑,高压醇烷化经济性更高,新建醇氨联产装置采用低压甲醇工艺技术的经济性较高,低压甲醇+高压醇烷化是目前醇氨联产工业中比较经济的组合方案。     

化工过程运行系统的集成

提出了基于智能体方法的化工过程运行系统的集成策略.依据过程操作响应的时间尺度,把过程运行系统分成故障检测与诊断、模拟优化和调度3个子系统,分别建立相应的智能体模型.通过信息集成和任务集成实现化工过程运行系统的整体集成.报道了该集成方法对TE过程的案例应用.结果表明：基于智能体的方法能实现多个运行决策的全局协调和集成,达到过程运行系统整体优化的目标.