共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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以某印染厂高密度澄清池出水为处理对象,通过中试试验确定了电渗析法的极限电流密度,研究了电压、进水流量对电渗析处理工艺出水水质的影响。结果表明中试条件下电渗析器的极限电流为25 A、极限电流密度为11.57 m A/cm2、最佳电压为80 V、单位容积电渗析器进水流量为5.2 L/h。在最佳工艺运行条件下电渗析淡水电导率低至1 500μs/cm,脱盐率、脱硬率和脱氯率分别达到78.07%、85.88%和88.50%。脱盐速率随着电压增大逐渐增大,当电压为85 V时脱盐速率出现最大值(56.35 mg/L·s);脱盐速率随着流量的增大逐渐减小,当流量为1 100 L/h时脱盐速率出现最小值(54.40 mg/L·s)。电渗析脱盐成本低,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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对1,3-丙二醇发酵液离子交换耦联电渗析脱盐工艺进行了初步研究,在发酵液小试脱盐研究的基础上,主要研究了电渗析脱盐实验、离子交换树脂的选型和离子交换耦联电渗析工艺。结果表明,单独采用电渗析脱盐1,3-丙二醇损失率为11.41%;通过比较多种阴阳离子交换树脂的pH、电导率以及处理能力,确定耦联中试实验采用树脂LSI296和LSI010;采用离子交换耦联电渗析两步脱盐,效率提高到96.2%,损失率降低到5.88%。 相似文献
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考察了自制一级一段式电渗析装置在焦化厂的高盐、高硬度废水中的脱盐效果和规律。为了防止结垢对膜组件的影响,首先对高盐、高硬度废水进行了软化处理,随后确定了该软化废水的分解电压,最后详细考察了运行时间、电压、中间室废水流量及阴、阳极室废水流量对电渗析脱盐效率的影响规律。结果表明,电渗析脱盐效率随运行时间的延长而逐步下降,随着电压的升高而增大,随中间室流量的减小而增加,随阴、阳极室流量的增大而升高。当操作电压为2.8 V,中间室流量为78 mL·h-1,阴、阳极室流量为42 mL·h-1,连续运行30和60 min时的平均脱盐效率分别为6.7%和6.4%。 相似文献
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采用电渗析技术对焦化生化出水如曝气生物滤池出水及反渗透浓水进行脱盐,考察不同废水中的离子迁移、废水脱盐及离子交换膜污染情况。结果表明:2种焦化废水采用电渗析处理具有较好的脱盐效果,其中不同离子的迁移脱除与其浓度、离子半径等密切相关。膜电阻测试表明,不同焦化废水电渗析体系中不同离子交换膜的污染存在差别。扫描电镜和红外分析表明,曝气生物滤池出水主要由有机物造成阴离子交换膜污染,而反渗透浓水主要在电渗析浓室侧的膜表面形成颗粒状的无机污染,且阳膜浓室侧比阴膜浓室侧更显著。 相似文献
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在常规电去离子(EDI)的浓缩室中采取与淡水室相同的树脂填充策略构成频繁倒极电去离子(EDIR)过程,以模拟苦咸水为处理对象,重点考察了阴阳树脂比例、树脂粒径、隔板厚度、树脂填充方式对EDI苦咸水淡化过程的影响。结果表明,在阴阳树脂体积比4:6、树脂粒径0.45~0.71 mm、采用隔板厚度3 mm以及树脂均匀混合填充时,可获得最低的产水能耗。对于3 000 mg/L的进水含盐量,EDIR的脱盐率可达90%以上,耗电量1.95 kWh/m3,过程运行稳定。EDIR有望成为具备较强竞争力的苦咸水淡化新技术。 相似文献
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以长庆靖边气田被污染的三甘醇溶液为实验对象,采用四室电渗析反应器对其进行净化处理,研究了操作电压、运行时间、淡室进液流量、进液总溶解性固体(TDS)浓度等因素对处理后溶液品质的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面分析法对电渗析工艺进行了优化。优化的工艺条件为:操作电压48.92 V,运行时间128.09 min,淡室进液流量12.00 L/h,当被污染的三甘醇溶液TDS质量浓度为1 968 mg/L时,在此工艺条件下处理后TDS浓度可降至(38.3±1.2)mg/L。实验中对电渗析过程的极限电流进行了测定,在淡室进液流量为12.00 L/h时,测得极限电流为0.189 A,对应的极限电压为66 V,说明装置在优化条件下运行不会出现浓差极化等不正常现象。 相似文献
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For the last 20 years Mexico has been gradually installing desalination plants for a diversity of purposes. Within the Mexican government desalination acitivities have been promoted by two agencies. The first has been responsible for desalination in service of better quality water for power generation while in the alternate the emphasis has been in brackish and saline water conversion for community potable and consumer related water supplies. The private sector has in most instances also relied on the government agencies for satisfying of industrial needs but not to the exclusion of private industry desalination plant construction.The paper presents the facts on accomplishments here. It comments on the effectiveness of the approach utilized by the government agencies active in the field and on the possible and potential impact of the use of desalination by the private sector. 相似文献
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Seawater desalination plants have been utilized to supply fresh water to the Gulf Cooperation Council countries since the early 1950s. In spite of the fact that there are several types of desalination technology that can be used more efficiently and economically, one type of desalination technology, namely multi-stage flash, has been used extensively in the region. This work is an attempt to identify the most suitable technology for the specific use by soliciting expert opinions. Based on several relevant factors, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was utilized to select the most appropriate technology for seawater desalination. The selection process in this study was limited to seawater feed and seven factors and four commercially available desalination technologies, i.e., multi-stage flash, multi-effect desalination, vapor compression and reverse osmosis. 相似文献
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海水淡化是从丰富的海水资源中提取清洁淡水的技术,是解决淡水资源短缺的重要途径。传统的海水淡化技术在实际应用中已经暴露出高成本、高能耗和低效率等缺点,因此开发海水淡化新兴技术及材料成为研究重点。二硫化钼(MoS2)是典型层状过渡金属硫化物,因其化学稳定、吸光能力优异等优点,在海水淡化领域具有极大的应用前景。作为一种高效环保的海水淡化材料,MoS2及其复合材料在改善传统脱盐工艺和发展新兴脱盐技术中已得到广泛研究。本文主要论述和分析MoS2基材料在电容去离子、膜脱盐及太阳能脱盐等海水淡化应用中的研究进展以及在工业化应用中面临的挑战,并展望其今后在脱盐领域的发展方向。 相似文献
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Soumaya Gmar Ilhem Ben Salah Sayadi Jean-François Fauvarque Mohamed Tlili Mohamed Ben Amor 《分离科学与技术》2017,52(3):574-581
Water desalination was performed by electrodialysis (ED) in batch recirculation mode by means of cationic and anionic membranes containing sulfonate and ammonium groups, respectively. Variations in sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration in dilute compartment versus time during ED experiments were recorded at different voltages, flow rates, and feed concentrations. ED experiments were modelled by means of a semiempirical kinetic model. A good agreement is found between experimental data and the model. 相似文献
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Water scarcity is becoming a severe problem worldwide due to inadequate freshwater resources and swift population growth. Seawater desalination is one of the vital approaches to meet the demand for freshwater. However, energy and associated costs with conventional seawater desalination techniques are incentivizing non-conventional water desalination processes. Water desalination using gas hydrates formation is one of the emerging non-conventional processes. In this perspective article, recent advances in hydrate-based seawater desalination (HBSD) have been critically analyzed to outline a future path towards a clean and efficient hydrate-based desalination process. It provides a detailed comparison of various processes developed over decades, and measured desalination efficiencies with their process details. Moreover, the current challenges, limitations, and future perspectives of hydrate-based desalination are also discussed. The study also recapitulates the thermodynamics and kinetics aspects of the hydrate-based desalination process. In addition, various factors controlling the desalination efficiencies, such as control of the separation of hydrate crystals, salt deposition on hydrate particles, and hydrate morphology, were thoroughly investigated with their proposed process designs. The kinetics of hydrate formation is also assessed, with the possibility of a zero-induction regime and its consequent impact on hydrate morphology. The current capabilities of the thermodynamics models (Gibbs energy minimization + electrolyte equation of state) were discussed using various commercially available software. Additionally, the role of hydrate promotors is also discussed, which can reduce the higher cost associated with the hydrate-based desalination process. 相似文献