共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 296 毫秒
1.
昆虫受到外界刺激后,能产生抗菌肽,这是一种高度同源性的广谱抗菌活性多肽。本文介绍了从蚕及蚕蛹中产生抗菌肽的研究进展,包括抗菌肽的诱导剂、构效关系、抗菌机理、基因表达及生物医学应用前景。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
研究了乳源抗菌肽的抗菌效果,研究表明乳源抗菌肽提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和乙型溶血性链球菌皆有明显的抗菌活性,但对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性强于乙型溶血性链球菌,酶法制备的乳源抗菌肽,有较好的抑菌效果。 相似文献
6.
抗菌肽是在多种生物体中表达的具有抗菌活性的肽类物质的总称。由于抗菌肽具有普通抗生素所不具有的一系列优点,抗菌肽的研究已经成了现代学术和应用研究的一个热点。文中简要介绍了抗菌肽的发现过程,对抗菌肽的结构、分类、来源、抗菌活性等方面的研究进展进行了综述,并展望了抗菌肽研究进展及存在问题。 相似文献
7.
8.
病原微生物引起的感染性疾病严重威胁人类公共安全,特别是多重耐药性细菌。抗菌肽可使细菌不产生耐药性或降低耐药性,而且具有热稳定性好、抑菌活性高、特异性强、对哺乳动物细胞毒副作用少等优势,具有主动防御和免疫等生理功能,有望成为抗菌药物最理想替代品。抗菌肽对细胞具有多靶点单独或协同抑菌作用,因此研究抗菌肽多作用靶点抑菌机制对抗菌肽应用研究具有重要指导意义。作者从细胞壁损伤机制、细胞膜损伤机制、胞内生物大分子合成影响机制、物质与能量代谢关键酶活性影响机制、线粒体损伤机制和免疫调节机制等多作用抑菌靶点视角对抗菌肽抑菌机理进行了系统综述,并对抗菌肽抑菌机理研究进行了展望,以期为抗菌肽抑菌机理研究提供参考。 相似文献
9.
阳离子抗菌肽分子设计的研究现状 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着传统抗生素的大量使用,许多病原微生物对抗生素产生了耐药性。不断寻找新一代的抗菌药物已经成为制药科研工作者的共有目标。阳离子抗菌肽具有相对分子量小、抗菌谱广、热稳定性好和抗菌机理独特等优点,有望成为新一代的抗菌药物。最大限度地提高其活性和稳定性、降低毒性和成本,是抗菌肽新药开发的首要问题。用分子设计手段改造抗菌肽已成为解决这一问题的关键。国内外的研究者在抗菌肽的分子设计方面做出了大量的努力,本文对抗菌肽的人工设计方法进行综述,分析了各种设计方法的优缺点,同时对抗菌肽分子设计的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
10.
抗菌肽(AMPs)是一类具有抗菌活性的生物活性肽,由于热稳定性好、细胞选择性强、对哺乳动物细胞毒副作用少和不易产生耐药性等优势,成为近年来生物活性肽领域重要的研究热点。该文简要介绍了抗菌肽的分类,综述了抗菌肽的一级结构与空间结构特点,并从改变净正电荷数量与分布、调整抗菌肽α-螺旋度、提高抗菌肽蛋白酶耐受性、改变疏水性及平均疏水矩大小、改变两亲性、改变氨基酸残基位置及肽链长度、构建杂合抗菌肽、降低哺乳动物细胞毒性和制备金属抗菌肽提升抗菌活性与拓展抗菌谱等方面阐述抗菌肽的结构改造策略,并对抗菌肽结构优化策略研究进行了展望,旨在为抗菌肽结构优化策略的选择提供理论参考。 相似文献
11.
通过体壁损伤法诱导家蝇幼虫产生免疫血淋巴,经沸水浴热变性,透析浓缩处理,后经Tricine SDS PAGE得到诱导前后家蝇幼虫血淋巴中蛋白差异表达带,将该条带电泳回收,复性,抗菌活性检测等步骤,分离纯化得到3种抗菌肽:MDL 1、MDL 2、MDL 3.研究结果表明:MDL 1分子中富含Gly,相对分子质量为6200,对革兰氏阴性菌E.coli有较强抗性;MDL 2分子中富含Pro,相对分子质量为11000,对革兰氏阴性菌E.coli和革兰氏阳性菌S.aureus均有抗性;MDL 3分子中富含Gly,相对分子质量为14000,对革兰氏阳性菌S.aureus有较强抗性;3种抗菌肽具有很强的温度耐受性,均没有凝血活性和溶血活性.同时电泳制备抗菌肽的实验方法为此类微量生物活性物质的分离纯化提供了有效的途径. 相似文献
12.
13.
《Journal of dairy science》2023,106(6):3779-3790
Antibacterial peptides can be released from yak milk casein. To date, the amino acid sequences and mechanism of action of yak casein–derived antibacterial peptides remain unknown. The current study identified antibacterial peptides from yak casein and their molecular mechanism of action. Our results showed that yak α-casein, β-casein, and κ-casein could be effectively hydrolyzed by Flavourzyme (Solarbio Science and Technology Co. Ltd.), and the 2-h hydrolysate showed the highest antibacterial rate of 43.07 ± 2.59% against Staphylococcus aureus. The 1,000 to 3,000 Da fraction accounted for 23.61% of the 2-h hydrolysate and had an antibacterial rate of 62.64 ± 4.40%. Three novel peptides with antibacterial activity were identified from this fraction, and the β-casein–derived peptide APKHKEMPFPKYP showed the strongest antibacterial effect (half-maximal inhibitory concentration = 0.397 mg/mL). Molecular docking predicted that APKHKEMPFPKYP interacted with 2 important enzymes of Staph. aureus, dihydrofolate reductase and DNA gyrase, through hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding, salt bridge, and π-π stacking interactions. Our findings suggest that the yak casein–derived peptides may serve as a potential source of natural preservatives to inhibit Staph. aureus. 相似文献
14.
旨在高值化利用青刺果榨油后副产物青刺果粕中的蛋白质,以青刺果粕为原料,提取青刺果蛋白并制备蛋白酶解物,采用活菌吸附法联合反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)从蛋白酶解物中筛选出抗菌肽组分,评价其抑菌活性,并对抑菌活性最好的组分进行稳定性分析。结果表明:筛选出的3个抗菌肽组分(F1、F2和F3)中,F2组分抑菌活性最好,当其质量浓度为10 mg/mL时对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌活性分别达到45.5%和39.1%;抗菌肽组分F2抑菌活性随温度升高和盐溶液浓度增加均降低,最适pH为6.0,在酸性环境中极不稳定,对酸性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的耐受性均较差,对中性蛋白酶耐受性较好。综上,青刺果粕中的蛋白酶解物具有抑菌活性,具有开发青刺果抗菌肽的潜力。 相似文献
15.
As a step toward prevention of bovine mastitis, a plasmid-mediated gene transfer technique was used to enable mammary cells to synthesize and secrete bovine lactoferricin and bovine tracheal antibacterial peptides. For this purpose, a series of mammary tissue-specific expression vectors, harboring the antibacterial peptide gene, the 5′-flanking regulation sequence of goat β-casein, and the bovine growth hormone polyadenylation signal sequence, were constructed using a eukaryotic expression vector pIRES1-neo. The mammary gland tissue-specific expression vector carrying the antimicrobial peptide genes dissolved in physiologic saline was injected directly into the lactating mammary glands of goats. The milk samples after injection were checked by Tricine-SDS-PAGE and bacterium inhibition zone assay. The results of these tests showed that the mammary gland tissue-specific expression vector driven by the goat β-casein gene promoter could efficiently direct the expression of antibacterial peptides in goat milk; the expression of antibacterial proteins lasted for 3 to 6 d. All of the milk samples collected from the mammary glands that had been injected with different vectors harboring the antibacterial peptide gene(s) exhibited bacteriostatic activity against different bacterial pathogens. These results demonstrated that the mammary gland tissue-specific expression vector could be used to introduce antibacterial peptide gene into the goat mammary gland, enabling secretion of a bioactive form of antibacterial peptide in the milk. This successful expression of antibacterial peptides in goat mammary glands provided a possible method to prevent mastitis in ruminants. 相似文献
16.
17.
《Journal of dairy science》2019,102(6):4844-4856
The aim of this study was to explore the antibacterial peptides derived from dromedary lactoferrin (LFc). The LFc was purified from colostrum using a batch procedure with a cation exchange chromatography support and was hydrolyzed with pepsin to generate peptic digest. This peptic digest was fractionated by cation exchange chromatography, and the antilisterial activity of LFc, peptic digest, and obtained fractions was investigated using the bioscreen method. The growth of Listeria innocua ATCC 33090 and LRGIA 01 strains was not inhibited by LFc and its hydrolysates. Two fractions of dromedary lactoferrin peptic hydrolysate were active against both strains. A tandem mass spectroscopy analysis revealed that the 2 active fractions comprised at least 227 different peptides. Among these peptides, 9 found in the first fraction had at least 50% similarity with 10 known antimicrobial peptides (following sequence alignments with the antimicrobial peptide database from the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha). Whereas 9 of these peptides presented homology with honeybee, frog, or amphibian peptides, the 10th peptide, F152SASCVPCVDGKEYPNLCQLCAGTGENKCACSSQEPYFGY192 (specifically found in 1 separated fraction), exibited 54% homology with a synthetic antibacterial peptide (AP00481) derived from human lactoferrin named kaliocin-1. Similarly, the second fraction contained 1 peptide similar to lactoferrampin B, an antibacterial peptide derived from bovine milk. This result suggests that peptic hydrolysis of LFc releases more active antimicrobial peptides than their protein source and thus provides an opportunity for their potential use to improve food safety by inhibiting undesirable and spoilage bacteria. 相似文献
18.
分别对亚铁离子与不同分子质量桃仁多肽和不同植物多肽形成的螯合物,以及亚铁、锌、钙和镁离子与桃仁多肽形成螯合物的抑菌活性进行比较,并对螯合物进行结构表征。结果表明:小分子质量(小于5 000 Da)桃仁多肽PKP3组分与亚铁离子螯合后的抑菌活性强于大分子质量(大于10 000 Da)桃仁多肽亚铁螯合物,桃仁多肽与亚铁离子和锌离子螯合后有较强抑菌活性;4 种植物多肽与亚铁离子所形成的螯合物间的抑菌活性存在显著性差异(P<0.05),其中桃仁多肽螯合亚铁和小麦多肽螯合亚铁的抑菌活性最强,对大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)均为5.0 mg/mL,对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC分别为2.5、5.0 mg/mL;傅里叶变换红外光谱分析表明亚铁离子与4 种植物多肽分子的—COO-、N—H、C=O形成配位键,多肽与亚铁离子能有效地螯合形成多肽螯合亚铁。 相似文献