金黄葡萄球菌ClfA活性基因的克隆及原核表达

目的克隆金黄葡萄球菌表面蛋白凝集因子A(ClfA)活性基因,并进行原核表达。方法以金黄葡萄球菌基因组DNA为模板,采用PCR方法扩增ClfA(221-550)活性基因,克隆入载体pET28a(+)中,构建重组表达质粒pET28a-ClfA(221-550),转化感受态大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达,并对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析。结果PCR扩增出987bp的目的基因片段,重组表达质粒经双酶切证明构建正确。表达产物经SDS-PAGE分析,在相对分子质量约36000处可见目的条带,目的蛋白表达量约占菌体总蛋白的36.76%,且具有良好的反应原性。结论已成功克隆了金黄葡萄球菌ClfA活性基因,并在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达了目的蛋白。     

大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素B亚单位的原核表达及活性鉴定

目的克隆大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素B亚单位(ltB)基因,构建其原核表达质粒,并对表达产物进行活性鉴定。方法采用PCR技术从产毒大肠杆菌129株基因组DNA中扩增ltB基因,克隆入载体pET-32a(+)中,构建原核表达质粒pET-32a(+)-ltB,转化E.coli BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达,Ni2+-NTA树脂层析柱进行纯化,纯化产物采用ELISA法鉴定其与牛GM1的结合活性。结果重组表达质粒经菌落PCR鉴定证明构建正确,所克隆的ItB基因与GenBank中报道的相应核苷酸序列的同源性为99.9%。重组菌诱导4h,目的蛋白表达量最高,约占菌体总蛋白的25%。纯化的重组LTB蛋白纯度约为96%,具有与牛GM1特异性结合的生物学活性。结论已成功克隆了ltB基因,并构建了其原核表达质粒,表达的重组蛋白具有一定的生物学活性。     

结核分枝杆菌PPE68蛋白的原核表达及纯化

目的构建结核分枝杆菌PPE68基因的原核表达质粒,并在大肠杆菌中进行表达和纯化。方法以结核分枝杆菌H37Rv基因组DNA为模板,PCR法扩增PPE68基因,将其克隆至pET-32a(+)载体中,构建重组原核表达质粒pET-32a(+)-PPE68,转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,IPTG诱导表达。表达产物经SDS-PAGE及Western blot鉴定后,进行纯化。结果重组表达质粒pET-32a(+)-PPE68经PCR及双酶切鉴定构建正确,测序结果与GenBank中登录的PPE68基因序列一致。表达的Trx-PPE68融合蛋白相对分子质量约为57000,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的41%,可与结核分枝杆菌免疫小鼠血清发生特异性反应。纯化的重组蛋白纯度约为93%。结论已成功构建了结核分枝杆菌PPE68基因重组原核表达质粒pET-32a(+)-PPE68,原核表达并纯化了重组蛋白,为PPE68作为结核病特异性诊断抗原的开发及重组BCG疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

慢性粒细胞白血病Bcr/Abl基因OD域融合蛋白的原核表达及纯化

目的原核表达并纯化慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)Bcr/Abl基因OD域融合蛋白。方法将TAT、OD和HA基因片段顺次克隆入pET32a(+)原核表达载体,构建重组原核表达质粒pTAT-OD-HA,经PCR、双酶切和测序鉴定正确的重组质粒转化E.coliBL2(lDE3),IPTG诱导表达,表达产物经SDS-PAGE及Westernblot分析后,用镍离子亲和层析柱纯化。结果所构建的重组质粒pTAT-OD-HA经PCR、双酶切及测序鉴定正确;表达的重组蛋白相对分子质量约为30000,诱导6h蛋白表达量达最高,约为10%;Westernblot分析显示,该蛋白可与鼠抗HA单克隆抗体发生特异性反应;纯化后纯度约为95%。结论已成功原核表达并纯化了TAT-OD-HA融合蛋白,为进一步研究其在CML中的作用奠定了基础。     

单增李斯特菌溶血素O的原核表达及纯化

目的原核表达并纯化单增李斯特菌溶血素O(Listeriolysin O,LLO)。方法 PCR扩增LLO hly基因,并插入pET-32a载体,构建重组表达质粒pET-hly,转化入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达,切胶纯化重组蛋白,并进行Westernblot分析。结果克隆的hly基因长1 515 bp,与GenBank中登录的hly基因的核苷酸序列同源性为99%;重组表达质粒pET-hly经酶切鉴定构建正确;表达的重组蛋白相对分子质量约为55 000,表达量占细菌总蛋白的45.2%;纯化的重组蛋白可与单增李斯特菌阳性血清反应。结论已成功原核表达并纯化了LLO,为下一步诊断试剂盒的研制奠定了基础。     

X盒结合蛋白1-u的原核表达及纯化

目的构建X盒结合蛋白1-u(XBP1-u)基因原核表达质粒,表达并纯化XBP1-u蛋白。方法利用RT-PCR技术从肝癌细胞HepG2中扩增XBP1-u基因,先插入中间载体pGEM-Teasy,再将其克隆至原核表达载体pET32a,构建重组原核表达质粒pET32a-XBP1-u,转化E.coliBL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达。表达产物经Ni-NTA树脂柱亲和层析纯化后,进行Western blot鉴定。结果测序分析证实,克隆入pET32a的XBP1-u序列与GenBank中登录的XBP1-ucDNA序列一致。IPTG的最佳诱导浓度为0.5mmol/L,最佳诱导时间为6h。目的蛋白以包涵体形式表达,相对分子质量约为33000。纯化的蛋白经SDS-PAGE分析显示单一条带,且具有良好的反应原性。结论已成功构建了XBP1-u基因原核表达质粒,表达并纯化了XBP1-u蛋白,为XBP1-u在肿瘤发病中的作用机制及在应激性疾病临床治疗中的研究奠定了基础。     

羊布氏菌vjbR基因的克隆及原核表达

目的克隆并原核表达羊布氏菌强毒株16M vjbR基因。方法 PCR扩增羊布氏杆菌16M株vjbR基因,亚克隆至原核表达载体pET-28a中,构建重组原核表达质粒pET-28a-vjbR,转化感受态大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达。表达的重组蛋白经His Trap FF纯化后,进行Western blot分析。结果扩增的vjbR基因大小为708 bp,与预期一致;重组原核表达质粒pET-28a-vjbR经双酶切及测序证明构建正确;表达的重组蛋白相对分子质量约为29 000,诱导4 h表达量可达6.84 mg/ml;纯化的重组蛋白纯度为65.7%,能被羊布氏杆菌阳性血清所识别。结论成功在大肠杆菌中表达了羊布氏菌VJBR蛋白,为其功能的研究、羊布病诊断试剂盒的研制及亚单位疫苗的研发奠定了基础。     

牛Ⅱ型链球菌van B2蛋白的原核表达及纯化

目的原核表达并纯化牛Ⅱ型链球菌(Streptococcus bovis biotypeⅡ)van B2蛋白。方法采用PCR法从牛Ⅱ型链球菌基因组DNA中扩增van B2基因,克隆至原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,构建重组表达质粒pET-28a-van B2,转化大肠杆菌Rossata(DE3),IPTG诱导表达。表达的重组蛋白经Ni柱亲和层析纯化后,进行SDS-PAGE及Westernblot分析。结果 PCR扩增获得597 bp的van B2基因片段;重组表达质粒pET-28a-van B2经双酶切及测序证明构建正确;表达的重组van B2蛋白相对分子质量约为29 000,主要以可溶性形式表达;纯化的重组蛋白纯度为70%,可被小鼠抗牛链球菌血清Ⅱ型多克隆抗体特异性识别。结论原核表达并纯化了牛Ⅱ型链球菌van B2蛋白,为van B2基因的耐药性研究奠定了物质基础。     

HIV-1 HXB2株Tat核心碱性区多肽Tat_(38-61)的原核表达及其免疫反应性

目的 构建HIV-1 Tat核心碱性区多肽Tat38-61重组原核表达质粒,在大肠杆菌中表达融合蛋白并进行纯化及免疫反应性检测。方法采用PCR法从HIV-1 HXB2株Tat1-101基因中扩增编码Tat38-61的基因序列,克隆至原核表达载体pET32a(+)中,构建重组原核表达质粒pET32a(+)-Tat38-61。转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达。表达产物经Ni2+-NTA柱亲和层析法纯化后,ELISA法鉴定其免疫反应性。结果重组原核表达质粒pET32a(+)-Tat38-61经双酶切及测序表明构建正确;SDS-PAGE分析显示,在相对分子质量约21 300处可见目的 蛋白条带,表达量占菌体总蛋白的67.4%,主要以可溶形式表达;纯化后融合蛋白的纯度可达97%以上;ELISA结果显示,该融合蛋白与兔抗PEPTIDE-Tat1-101血清及HIV阳性血清均呈特异性反应。结论已成功构建了HIV-1 Tat核心碱性区多肽Tat38-61的重组原核表达质粒,表达并纯化了PET32a(+)-Tat38-61融合蛋白,该融合蛋白碱性区表位得到较好的保留,为Tat38-61噬菌体突变文库的构建及亲和筛选奠定了基础。     

人Bid蛋白的原核表达及纯化

目的克隆人Bid基因,原核表达并纯化目的蛋白。方法用PCR方法从HeLa细胞cDNA文库中扩增人Bid基因,克隆至pGEX-6P-1表达载体,构建重组表达质粒pGEX-6P-1-Bid,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达。表达产物经GST亲和层析纯化。结果PCR扩增得到588bp的DNA片段,重组表达质粒pGEX-6P-1-Bid经双酶切鉴定和测序表明构建正确。表达的目的蛋白相对分子质量约48000,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的50%,纯化后纯度可达97%。结论已成功克隆并原核表达了人Bid基因,得到纯度较高的Bid蛋白,为进一步研究其结构和功能奠定了基础。     

金黄葡萄球菌肠毒素C2对小鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

目的采用小鼠移植瘤模型,对金黄葡萄球菌肠毒素C2的抗肿瘤作用进行研究,以进一步揭示超抗原在肿瘤治疗方面的意义。方法从金葡菌发酵液中提纯SEC2蛋白,并经SDS-PAGE及测序分析;构建小鼠S180肉瘤和Lewis肺癌移植瘤模型,分别腹腔注射高、中、低剂量(800、400、200 ng/kg)的SEC2,连续给药10 d,同时以环磷酰胺为阳性对照,生理盐水为阴性对照。于给药后第11天处死小鼠,将肿瘤组织分离并称重,比较SEC2对S180肉瘤及Lewis肺癌移植瘤的抑瘤效果。结果在相对分子质量约30 000处可见目的条带,与理论值相符,N-未端氨基酸测序与文献报道一致;SEC2对两种移植瘤均产生较明显抑制作用,高、中、低剂量SEC2对S180肉瘤的抑瘤率分别达到50.60%、31.81%和19.38%,对Lewis肺癌的抑瘤率分别达到55.62%、45.70%和37.78%。结论从动物水平上确认了SEC2的抑瘤效果,为进一步开展超抗原抗肿瘤研究奠定了基础。     

金黄色葡萄球菌中毒休克综合征毒素1基因的检测

目的检测编码金黄色葡萄球菌中毒休克综合征毒素l(TSST-1)的tst基因,了解该基因的携带情况。方法用PCR法对产毒素金黄色葡萄球菌染色体上编码TSST-1的tst基因进行体外扩增,并对临床分离的84株金黄色葡萄球菌进行tst基因检测及序列分析。结果对tst基因进行了检测及测序,84株受检的金黄色葡萄球菌中,tst基因阳性株占19.05%(16/84),测序结果与GenBank公布的金黄色葡萄球菌产TSST-1基因的同源性较高。结论用PCR法检测tst基因,具有良好的重复性、特异性和敏感性。tst基因阳性株在临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌中占有较高的比例。     

反应温度对聚3-乙基-3-羟甲基环氧丁烷支化度的影响

以3-乙基-3-羟甲基环氧丁烷为单体,BF1·O（C2H5）2为引发剂,二氯甲烷为溶剂,在-50～30℃的不同温度下通过阳离子自缩合开环聚合,合成超支化聚3-乙基-3-羟甲基环氧丁烷,产物相对分子质量在5000左右。^13C NMR测定结果表明,聚3-乙基-3-羟甲基环氧丁烷的支化度随聚合温度的升高而增大,聚合温度在20℃以上时聚合物支化度随反应温度的变化趋势变小,趋向不变。     

A comparative study of the composition of anthracene oil polymerized by different treatments

An industrial anthracene oil (AO) was polymerized by thermal treatment with the aid of AlCl₃, sulphur and air. The composition of the reaction products was investigated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and synchronous UV-fluorescence spectroscopy. The SEC profiles show significant differences in the composition of the polymerized products. This suggests that the reactivity of the AO components and the mechanisms of polymerization are different. With sulphur and air, the polymerization involves a low number of AO components, which selectively react to form intermediate and large polymers. AlCl₃ causes a more extensive polymerization, giving rise to a product in which the fraction of oligomers of intermediate size (500–700 u) is predominant. Synchronous UV-fluorescence spectroscopy corroborates and supports the SEC results.     

Synthesis,characterization, and antimicrobial properties of oligo‐4‐[(pyridine‐3‐yl‐methylene) amino] phenol

The oxidative polycondensation reaction conditions of 4‐[(pyridine‐3‐yl‐methylene) amino]phenol (4‐PMAP) were studied using H₂O₂, atmospheric O₂, and NaOCl oxidants in an aqueous alkaline medium between 30°C and 90°C. Synthesized oligo‐4‐[(pyridine‐3‐yl‐methylene) amino] phenol (O‐4‐PMAP) was characterized by ¹H‐, ¹³C NMR, FTIR, UV–vis, size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and elemental analysis techniques. The yield of O‐4‐PMAP was found to be 32% (for H₂O₂ oxidant), 68% (for atmospheric O₂ oxidant), and 82% (for NaOCl oxidant). According to the SEC analysis, the number–average molecular weight, weight–average molecular weight, and polydispersity index values of O‐4‐PMAP was found to be 5767, 6646 g mol^?1, and 1.152, respectively, using H₂O₂, and 4540, 5139 g mol^?1, and 1.132, respectively, using atmospheric O₂, and 9037, 9235 g mol^?1, and 1.022, using NaOCl, respectively. According to TG and DSC analyses, O‐4‐PMAP was more stable than 4‐PMAP against thermal decomposition. The weight loss of O‐4‐PMAP was found to be 94.80% at 1000°C. Also, antimicrobial activities of the oligomer were tested against B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, E. coli, Str. thermophilus, M. smegmatis, B. brevis, E. aeroginesa, P. vulgaris, M. luteus, S. aureus, and B. jeoreseens. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3327–3333, 2006     

Simplification and Energy Saving of Drying Process Based on Self-Heat Recuperation Technology

A simplified drying process based on self-heat recuperation (SHR), which can further reduce energy consumption compared to previous SHR drying processes, is proposed. The specific energy consumption (SEC) of the SHR drying process was evaluated at various air flow rates and compared with a mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) drying process with superheated steam. The results show that the SEC of SHR can be reduced from 474 to 147 kJ (kg-H₂O evaporated)^?1 by removing heat exchangers for preheating. The SEC of the simplified SHR process was only 1/16 of a conventional drying process with heat recovery and 3/5 of an MVR process. Exergy transfer of the process was also analyzed and summarized as exergy flow diagrams.     

Characterization of branched polymers by size exclusion chromatography coupled with multiangle light scattering detector. I. Size exclusion chromatography elution behavior of branched polymers

The elution behavior of branched macromolecules during their separation by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) was studied. The elution behavior of branched polymers was investigated using samples of randomly branched polystyrene and star branched poly(benzyl methacrylate) of different levels of branching by means of a SEC chromatograph coupled with a multiangle light scattering detector. Abnormal SEC elution behavior was found to be typical for highly branched polymers. After a normal elution at small elution volumes the molar mass and root mean square radius of the eluting molecules increased with increasing elution volume. Several SEC experiments were carried out to find explanation for this effect and SEC separation was compared with the separation by thermal field flow fractionation. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 1588–1594, 2001     

Characterization of star-block copolymers having PS-b-PI arms via SEC/RI/RALLS/DV

Summary Poly (styrene-b-isoprene) (PS-b-PI) star-block copolymers were studied by triple detector size exclusion chromatography (SEC³), utilizing a combination of refractive index (RI), right angle light scattering (RALLS), and differential viscosity (DV) detectors. The relationships between the number of arms, the composition, and molecular size of the star polymers were investigated. The effect of the number of arms of the star polymer on elution behavior was established and compared to a linear polystyrene calibration curve. It was found that universal calibration was valid for star polymers having up to 32 arms. The branching parameters (g and g') were calculated from intrinsic viscosity and radius of gyration data. The results indicate that, in addition to molecular weight determinations, much useful conformational information on star-block copolymers can be obtained from SEC³. The technique is an especially useful tool for characterizing branched copolymers, which are difficult to characterize by conventional SEC. Received: 31 January 2000/Revised version: 24 February 2000/Accepted: 25 February 2000     

SEC23B Loss-of-Function Suppresses Hepcidin Expression by Impairing Glycosylation Pathway in Human Hepatic Cells

Biallelic pathogenic variants in the SEC23B gene cause congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II (CDA II), a rare hereditary disorder hallmarked by ineffective erythropoiesis, hemolysis, erythroblast morphological abnormalities, and hypo-glycosylation of some red blood cell membrane proteins. Abnormalities in SEC23B, which encodes the homonymous cytoplasmic COPII (coat protein complex II) component, disturb the endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi trafficking and affect different glycosylation pathways. The most harmful complication of CDA II is the severe iron overload. Within our case series (28 CDA II patients), approximately 36% of them exhibit severe iron overload despite mild degree of anemia and slightly increased levels of ERFE (the only erythroid regulator of hepcidin suppression). Thus, we hypothesized a direct role of SEC23B loss-of-function in the pathomechanism of hepatic iron overload. We established a hepatic cell line, HuH7, stably silenced for SEC23B. In silenced cells, we observed significant alterations of the iron status, due to both the alteration in BMP/SMADs pathway effectors and a reduced capability to sense BMP6 stimulus. We demonstrated that the loss-of-function of SEC23B is responsible of the impairment in glycosylation of the membrane proteins involved in the activation of the BMP/SMADs pathway with subsequent hepcidin suppression. Most of these data were confirmed in another hepatic cell line, HepG2, stably silenced for SEC23B. Our findings suggested that the pathogenic mechanism of iron overload in CDA II is associated to both ineffective erythropoiesis and to a specific involvement of SEC23B pathogenic variants at hepatic level. Finally, we demonstrated the ability of SEC23B paralog, i.e., SEC23A, to rescue the hepcidin suppression, highlighting the functional overlap between the two SEC23 paralogs in human hepatic cells.