响应面法优化淡水鱼内脏酶法水解工艺研究

通过对5种常见淡水鱼内脏基本成分及氨基酸组成进行分析比较,选择鲢鱼内脏为研究对象,并采用酶法对其进行水解,以提油率、蛋白回收率、水解度(DH)为指标,确定水解用酶及单因素试验各因素的优化范围。在单因素试验基础上,以pH、加酶量、温度为影响因素,提油率为响应值,响应面法优化得到鲢鱼内脏酶法水解最优工艺条件为:选用胰蛋白酶进行水解,pH 7.94,加酶量1.1%,温度47.24℃,时间2 h,料水比1∶1。在最优工艺条件下,提油率为91.24%,蛋白回收率为83.61%,水解度为53.57%。     

响应面法优化组成型壳聚糖酶酶解条件

以壳聚糖为原料,通过蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）发酵所得壳聚糖酶水解壳聚糖产生壳寡糖,对酶解pH、温度、底物浓度和时间分别进行单因素试验,并在此基础上,通过响应面法研究这4种因素对壳寡糖产量的影响,优化酶解条件。结果表明,壳聚糖酶酶解的最佳条件为pH值5.6,酶解温度53 ℃,壳聚糖质量分数2.09%,酶解时间157 min。在该优化条件下,壳寡糖的浓度为35.73 μmol/mL,与模型预测值35.476 μmol/mL接近,则该模型可用于优化壳聚糖酶酶解条件。     

Optimum conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis of citron waste juice using response surface methodology (RSM)

This study investigated the optimum conditions, including pH, temperature, incubation time, and enzyme concentration, for the enzymatic manufacture of citron waste juice by pectinase and cellulase using response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design was used as an experimental design for the allocation of treatment combination. The highest yield was 71.1% at pH 5.00, 51.15°C, 53.74 min, and 0.44%, whereas the lowest turbidity was 0.20 at pH 4.87, 50.21°C, 49.99 min, and 0.44%. The highest hunter’s L (lightness), a (redness), and b- (yellowness) values were 47.39 (pH 4.86, 50.72°C, 51.60 min, and 0.44%), −1.34 (pH 5.48, 49.36°C, 46.29 min, and 0.21%), and 13.18 (pH 5.49, 50.05°C, 43.31 min, and 0.23%), respectively. The highest electron donating activity was 68.36% at pH 4.51, 50.62°C, 47.00 min, and 0.23%. The highest limonin and nomilin contents were 3.49 mg/100 g (pH 4.51, 50.30°C, 48.34 min, and 0.21%) and 1.56 mg/100 g (pH 4.59, 50.08°C, 66.07 min, and 0.30%).     

Optimization of the enzymatic hydrolysis of chicken meat using response surface methodology

ABSTRACT:  The hydrolysis of chicken breast meat by the commercial protease Alcalase^® 2.4L was studied to evaluate the influence of temperature (43 to 77 °C), enzyme:substrate ratio (0.8% to 4.2%), and pH (7.16 to 8.84) on the responses of degree of hydrolysis and protein recovery. The enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized for maximum degree of hydrolysis and protein recovery using response surface methodology. The optimum conditions determined were the following: 52.5 °C, 4.2% (w/w) enzyme:substrate ratio, and a pH value of 8.00. Under these conditions, a degree of hydrolysis of 31% and protein recovery of 91% were obtained. A characterization of the protein hydrolysate obtained using the optimized process conditions was carried out, evaluating the chemical composition, electrophoretic profile and amino acid composition.     

响应面优化酶法水解京尼平苷工艺

目的:优化京尼平苷的酶解工艺。方法:以京尼平含量为响应值,在单因素实验基础上,以酶添加量、酶解温度、酶解时间、p H为实验因素,采用响应面法建立数学模型,筛选最佳酶解工艺条件。结果:通过二次回归模型响应面分析,影响京尼平苷酶解的因素按主次顺序排列为:酶添加量>酶解温度>p H>酶解时间;确定京尼平苷酶解最佳工艺条件为酶添加量6.6 m L(约140 U),酶解温度56.5℃,酶解时间150 min,p H4.0,此条件下京尼平含量为4.66 mg/m L,模型方程理论预测值为4.80 mg/m L,两者相对误差小于3%。结论:采用响应面法优化得到了京尼平苷酶解的最佳工艺,该工艺方便可行。      

响应面法优化美味牛肝菌蛋白质的酶解工艺

为提高美味牛肝菌的食用价值,在单因素实验的基础上,选取酶解时间、酶解温度和料液比为影响因素,以美味牛肝菌蛋白质的水解度作为响应值,通过三因素三水平的Box-Behnken响应面分析法优化美味牛肝菌酶解条件。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为酶解时间5 h、酶解温度50℃、料液比1∶36,在此条件下,蛋白质水解度达到47.37%。水解液富含多种营养物质,可进一步加工为美味牛肝菌调味品。      

Optimization of the roasting temperature and time for preparation of coffee-like maize beverage using the response surface methodology

The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimal roasting temperature and time for preparing a coffee-like beverage from maize kernels. Maize kernels were roasted at different temperatures (160–240 °C) for different lengths of time (10–50 min) and subsequently extracted with hot water. Yield, levels of free sugar and phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and sensory scores for overall preference of the maize beverage were significantly affected by the roasting conditions. Roasting temperature was the most important factor affecting the quality indicators of the maize beverage. Surface and contour plots indicated that the optimal roasting temperature and time were 207 °C and 24 min, respectively.     

响应面分析法优化猪骨素提取工艺条件的研究

利用响应面法对猪骨素的提取工艺进行优化。在单因素实验基础上选取主要的实验因素与水平,根据中心组合(Box-Benhnken)实验设计原理,采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法,依据回归分析确定各工艺条件的影响因素,以提取液中的胶原蛋白含量和游离氨基酸含量的综合指标为响应值作响应面回归。在分析各个因素的显著性和交互作用后,得出猪骨素提取的最佳工艺条件:提取压力为0.11MPa,时间为226min,液料比为3:1。在此条件下,实际测得综合指标含量为0.5339%。     

Optimization of fermentation conditions for ting production using response surface methodology

This study investigated the effect of fermentation conditions (time and temperature) of sorghum on the composition of ting, using the Doehlert design of response surface methodology (RSM). Fermentation temperature and time were optimized and pH, titratable acidity (TTA), total viable bacteria count (TBC), total lactic acid bacteria count (TLABC), total fungal and yeast count (TFYC), tannin content (TNC), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activities (AA) were determined. Experimental and predicted values obtained were similar, with statistical indices indicating the validity of the models generated (R² between 93.45 and 99.71%, AAD values close to 0, B_f and A_f values close to 1). Numerical multi‐response optimization of parameters suggested optimal fermentation conditions to be 34 °C for 24 hr. Physicochemical characterization of ting samples using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed slight changes in morphology, similarity in diffraction patterns and presence of different functional groups, respectively. Results of this study could provide information for the commercialization of quality ting.

Practical applications

Response surface methodology was used to study the influence of fermentation conditions on the quality of ting and optimal fermentation conditions were obtained at 34 °C for 24 hr. The findings in this study will be useful for ting processors to obtain a product with maximal beneficial composition and traits.     

响应面法优化蛋清酶解前处理条件的研究

蛋清对蛋白酶都有不同程度的抑制作用。为了以消除或减轻该抑制作用,本实验在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面设计法设计实验,用统计软件SAS进行模拟得到二次多项式回归方程预测模型。以蛋清蛋白水解度作为响应值,对前处理条件进行优化,最终确定了蛋清最佳酶解前处理条件为:pH11.1、温度81.9℃、时间78.9 min。     

响应面分析法优化糖化酶与酵母菌共固定化条件

以聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠复合凝胶为载体,采用包埋法共固定化糖化酶和酵母菌.以糖化酶包埋量、酵母菌包埋量和复合凝胶浓度为3个主要因素,以共固定化颗粒的酒精发酵度为评价指标,利用响应面分析法得出共固定化糖化酶和酵母菌的最佳条件是:载体溶液20mL,糖化酶包埋量72.4mg、酵母菌包埋量34.2mg、复合凝胶浓度8.1%,此条件下理论酒精度为10.4%vol.对最佳共固定化条件经过验证性试验,重复3次得到平均酒精度为10.2%vol,与模型预测值基本相符.     

响应面法优化草鱼内脏油脂的工艺及品质评价

采用单因素实验和响应面优化实验对草鱼内脏中鱼油的钾法提取工艺进行研究,并对其脂肪酸组成和氧化稳定性进行了分析。实验结果表明:鱼油提取的最佳工艺条件为pH 8.4,水解温度61.28℃,水解时间41.6 min,KCl用量为4.29%,液料比为1∶1,盐析时间为10 min。采用逐步回归拟合,获得鱼油提取率的预测模型如下:提取率/%=-1 374.0+102.780A+11.111B+28.912C+26.190D-7.005 5A2-0.071 5B2-0.302 2C2-10.259D2+3.495 0AD-0.086 2BC+0.289 5BD+0.353 0CD,最佳提取率预测值为55.95%,实测值为55.84%。通过对精炼鱼油的脂肪酸分析,共检出13种脂肪酸,脂肪酸中以棕榈酸、油酸和亚油酸为主。其中不饱和脂肪酸占74.32%,饱和脂肪酸占25.68%,必需脂肪酸占24.14%。ω-3脂肪酸(EPA和DHA)含量占多不饱和脂肪酸含量的2.94%,顺式脂肪酸含量占不饱和脂肪酸含量高达99.98%。氧化稳定性研究表明,鱼油的诱导时间为0.18 h。     

响应面法优化鸡胸肉肌原纤维蛋白酶法水解工艺条件

以鸡胸肉为原料,提取肌原纤维蛋白,测定其蛋白质浓度及氨基酸组成;以水解度为测定指标,利用响应面法优化该肌原纤维蛋白酶解工艺条件,并考察其产物肽分子量分布。结果表明:提取的肌原纤维蛋白浓度为59.27%;该蛋白氨基酸种类齐全,组成比例均衡,必需氨基酸含量高达40.90%;碱性蛋白酶是肌原纤维蛋白酶解的最佳用酶;在单因素实验基础上,经Box-Behnken实验优化得到碱性蛋白酶水解肌原纤维蛋白最佳工艺条件为:加酶量3500 U/g、p H7.8、温度44℃,此条件下经6 h酶解,水解度达33.17%;肽分子量分布分析知,最佳水解条件下酶解液中<1000 u的小肽含量高达61.5%,说明碱性蛋白酶能较高程度的水解肌原纤维蛋白。      

响应面法优化鸡胸肉肌原纤维蛋白酶法水解工艺条件

以鸡胸肉为原料,提取肌原纤维蛋白,测定其蛋白质浓度及氨基酸组成;以水解度为测定指标,利用响应面法优化该肌原纤维蛋白酶解工艺条件,并考察其产物肽分子量分布。结果表明:提取的肌原纤维蛋白浓度为59.27%;该蛋白氨基酸种类齐全,组成比例均衡,必需氨基酸含量高达40.90%;碱性蛋白酶是肌原纤维蛋白酶解的最佳用酶;在单因素实验基础上,经Box-Behnken实验优化得到碱性蛋白酶水解肌原纤维蛋白最佳工艺条件为:加酶量3500 U/g、p H7.8、温度44℃,此条件下经6 h酶解,水解度达33.17%;肽分子量分布分析知,最佳水解条件下酶解液中1000 u的小肽含量高达61.5%,说明碱性蛋白酶能较高程度的水解肌原纤维蛋白。     

Optimization of fermentation conditions for production of the jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) spirit using the response surface methodology

The jabuticaba tree (Brazilian grape tree) is a tree native to Brazil that belongs to the Myrtaceae family. The jabuticaba fruit is used in some regions of Brazil to produce juices, jams, wine, and ice cream. In this work, the fermentation conditions (temperature and °Brix) for producing jabuticaba distillate were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for fermentation were found to be 20 °C and 22 °Brix. In repeated experiments to validate the model, experimental data exhibited good agreement with the predicted data. The distillate jabuticaba beverage showed a peculiar chemical composition with 20 volatile compounds that were identified and quantified. Isoamyl alcohols (2-methyl-1-butanol + 3-methyl-1-butanol) were the most abundant volatile compounds identified in jabuticaba spirit. Sensory analysis by tasters showed overall approval of jabuticaba distillate. In principal component analysis, when the beverage was evaluated by panelists under 24 y old tended to give favorable ratings of aroma and taste, as well as high overall scores. The group of panelists between the ages of 25 and 53 y old generally gave high marks for appearance in the principal component analysis. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study describes the study of fermentation conditions of jabuticaba pulp for production of jabuticaba spirit. Based on the results of this work, the proposed method can be an alternative for the use of the jabuticaba fruit, and may provide a new industrial outlet for this fruit.     

响应曲面法优化鸭肫酶解制备抗氧化肽工艺

在单因素实验基础上应用响应面法对鸭肫抗氧化肽制备工艺进行优化。在前期筛选酶解鸭肫的最佳蛋白实验中得到木瓜蛋白酶为酶解鸭肫蛋白的最佳作用酶,优化的鸭肫抗氧化肽最佳工艺条件为:酶解时间4.0 h、加酶量0.5%、酶解温度55℃、料液比1∶3 g/m L。在此条件下,酶解鸭肫蛋白的水解度可达28.30%,DPPH·清除率为75.10%。结果表明该鸭肫抗氧化肽工艺制备可行,鸭肫蛋白水解度与DPPH自由基清除能力之间不存在相关性。      

响应面法优化酸性蛋白酶发酵条件的研究

采用响应面方法对黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger357）产酸性蛋白酶的发酵条件进行了优化。首先通过全因子实验分析了温度、pH值、接种量、装液量对产酶的影响,确定主要影响因子为温度、装液量,前者为正影响,后者为负影响。用最陡爬坡实验逼近最大响应区域,利用中心组合设计及响应面分析确定主要影响因子的最佳水平。在优化的发酵条件下发酵3d,酶活达到1543、01U／mL。     

响应面法优化正己醛、反-2-己烯醛熏蒸鲜切菠萝蜜条件

为确定正己醛、反-2-己烯醛熏蒸鲜切菠萝蜜的最佳工艺条件,以八成熟\     

响应面法优化螺旋藻自溶条件的研究

以新鲜螺旋藻藻泥为原料,通过响应面实验设计方法对螺旋藻自溶条件进行优化。以可溶性肽含量为响应变量,温度、pH以及Na+浓度为自变量,应用中心复合设计-一致精度(CCD Uniform precision)法设计实验,轴值取1.43,6个中心点,共20组实验。实验结果表明,螺旋藻自溶最适温度为48.6℃、pH为9.6以及Na+浓度为1.00mol/L,最适条件下螺旋藻自溶1hTCA-可溶性肽含量比未优化(室温25℃,加蒸馏水)下高6.35倍。     

石榴皮中抗氧化物质提取条件的响应面优化

对石榴皮中抗氧化活性物质提取工艺及其成分分析进行研究,通过单因素实验和响应面优化,得到石榴皮中抗氧化物质提取工艺条件为:液固比为26mL/g、提取温度为59℃、提取时间100s、微波功率为500W,水提,此条件得到的提取物对DPPH自由基的清除率达91.067%。提取物活性成分分析表明:提取物中总多酚含量为165.67mg/g,总黄酮64.88mg/g,多糖125.04mg/g,原花青素9.16mg/g。