谈风电机组地基基础的设计要点

结合工作经验,从荷载工况的选择、确定基础类型和形式、基础底面脱开面积的验算等方面阐述了风电机组地基基础设计的要点,为设计人员提供了参考。     

中美欧风电机组独立基础设计方法对比分析

针对中国、美国和欧洲相关风电基础设计标准中有关独立基础的设计规定,探讨了3种标准在材料强度指标、地基承载力特征值、基底尺寸确定方法、基础高度验算方法、抗倾覆与抗滑移稳定性验算方法以及弯矩及配筋计算方法等方面的不同特点,总结分析了3种标准关于独立基础设计方法的异同和原因。针对风电机组独立基础的受力特点,通过工程算例,对风机基础在极端荷载工况下按3种标准进行了设计计算,分析了设计结果的差异,并给出了相关设计建议。     

谈压缩机大块式基础设计与构造要求

对压缩机大块式基础的设计与构造进行了论述,包括设计资料的收集,基础尺寸的确定,静力分析和动力分析,基础设计与构造及设计中应注意的一些问题,通过各环节的严格控制,使基础设计准确、可靠,满足要求。     

墩基础的设计与构造探讨

墩基础在工程中的应用还是比较广泛的,但是,目前为止还没有统一的设计规定。通过查阅一些文献,对墩基础的一些设计方法和构造要求进行了探讨。     

独立基础加抗水板基础设计方法及构造要求

目前地下车库中大量采用独立基础加抗水板的基础形式。为此,对正锥型和倒锥型的承载力计算进行演示,并介绍了这种基础的构造要求。     

风电机组自动消防系统设计及联动试验研究

自动消防系统作为风力发电机组中的安防系统,随着近些年机型不断扩大、项目配置不断优化,自动消防系统已成为风电领域不可或缺的一环,如果在前期方案设计时过多考虑成本压缩而降低工艺、质量、配置选型等要求,一旦风机出现消防系统误报、误喷、有火灾无法启动等问题,不仅会造成更大的财产损失,也会造成周边环境的破坏。因此,对于自动消防系统当前较为全面的方案设计和联动试验进行了分析探讨,以期降低风机机组中火灾事故造成的损失。     

风电机组基础环基础低强问题的加固措施研究

由于运输条件的限制,某些位于偏远山区的风电项目无法采用商品混凝土,而现场搅拌的混凝土因质量难以达标,出现了强度过低导致的基础环基础开裂、压碎和刚度降低等现象。针对上述问题,对基础环基础提出了一种环向预应力加固方案,即在柱墩侧壁设置钢绞线,通过施加环向预应力减小基础柱墩的受拉区域,使柱墩处于三向受压状态,充分发挥混凝土受压性能良好的特点,限制基础混凝土裂缝的进一步发展。并以某风力发电塔基础为例,建立精细化有限元模型,分析了混凝土未达到设计强度的基础在加固前后的应力状态和应变分布。分析结果表明,环向预应力加固方案能够有效减小基础裂缝宽度和因受拉、压产生的塑性区域,显著提高基础刚度,加固效果显著,对同类工程的加固处理有一定参考价值。     

墙下条形基础构造要求与设计

地面建筑物对地下基础造成了较大的受重荷载,若重力载荷偏大则难以满足基础结构的承载标准,极有可能对地基层产生不利的危害。墙下条形基础构造是现代建筑基础常用的一种,其在减小上部结构受力荷载方面的作用显著。本文分析了地下条形基础构造的应用特点,并结合建筑案例对其构造要求及设计方案做了进一步的分析。     

也谈地基处理与基础设计

结合两个实例,介绍房屋建设工程的地基 (粘土地基和被有毒物质严重污染的壤土地基 )处理与基础设计及其建议与体会。     

某风力发电场风电机组基础的优化设计

风力发电作为目前我国大力发展的一种绿色能源利用技术,已经得到日益广泛的应用。然而风电机组地基基础的设计,目前还没有国家统一的规范可遵循。为此,在某风力发电场地基基础工程项目中,依据现有的行业规范和风电机组的受力特点,对风电机组基础的原设计方案进行了优化,从而既保证了结构的安全与正常使用,又提高了结构的耐久性,取得了良好的经济效益。     

海拉尔小良风电场风机基础设计

针对钻孔灌注桩基础的设计进行论述,采用“丰海高桩墩台”程序模块计算桩的内力,复核采用后注浆工艺的钻孔灌注桩的单桩承载力并计算桩的配筋,进行了一系列的结构计算,从而得到了一些有益的结论。     

插环式风机基础疲劳损伤机理研究

通过对国内多台问题风机基础进行现场勘查和基础环水平度,混凝土强度及基础环下法兰视频探测等,分析了插环式风机基础的风致疲劳损伤。结果表明插环式风机基础疲劳损伤形成及演变主要包括3个阶段,即主风向初始裂缝;裂缝扩展至下法兰,下法兰松动导致其周边混凝土经研磨形成空腔,上穿环孔内及周边混凝土压溃;随着下法兰周边空腔的加大,基础环因上下位移加大而导致上穿环钢筋与基础环接触而被疲劳剪断,风机筒身亦因倾斜过大以致于无法正常运行。根据风机基础荷载,对最不利穿环钢筋单元进行了基于极端荷载和疲劳强度工况下的承载力验算,认为穿环钢筋的存在难以满足风机基础受剪承载力要求,建议设计中应采取相应措施予以加强。     

关于风机基础大体积混凝土冬期施工的探讨

结合风机基础大体积混凝土冬期施工的特点,对施工中常见的质量问题(冻害和开裂)进行了分析,并阐述了病害的产生机理,提出了一些冬期施工的注意事项,包括现场管理、材料控制、混凝土浇筑、拆摸、养护等。     

Robust design and optimization procedure for piled-raft foundation to support tall wind turbine in clay and sand

A geotechnical design and optimization procedure for piled-raft foundations to support tall wind turbines in clayey and sandy soil are presented in this paper. From the conventional geotechnical design, it was found that the differential settlement controlled the final design and was considered as the response of concern in the optimization procedure. A parametric study was subsequently conducted to examine the effect of the soil shear strength parameters and wind speed (random variables) on the design parameters (number and length of piles and radius of raft). Finally, a robust design optimization procedure was conducted using a Genetic Algorithm coupled with a Monte Carlo simulation considering the total cost of the foundation and the standard deviation of differential settlement as the objectives. This procedure resulted in a set of acceptable designs forming a Pareto front which can be readily used to select the best design for given performance requirements and cost limitations.     

Dynamic characterisation of wind turbine towers account for a monopile foundation and different soil conditions

The response of wind turbines is induced by dynamic loads such as wind, transient and cyclic loads, and also extreme loads such as earthquakes. Thus, the structural design requires an accurate evaluation of the modal parameters of the system because it is strongly required that no resonances are excited. Moreover, it has been concluded from previous research works that soil–structure interaction (SSI) should be accounted for the analysis. In the present paper, the structural dynamic response of wind turbine towers is investigated considering different soil conditions using a numerical model. This research is focused on SSI effects. Firstly, changes in the modal parameters of three different wind turbines considering the effect of three soils are evaluated. The results show that the evaluation of the natural frequency and the resulting classification of the wind turbine design type can be affected by SSI. The obtained results could be used to evaluate the decrement of the natural frequency of the wind turbine account for the soil and the foundation in relation to the frequency computed without soil interaction. Next, the seismic response of the wind tower is analysed considering two seismic events: a horizontally polarised shear incident wave and El Centro earthquake.     

On the evaluation of wind loads for wind turbines' foundation design: Experimental and numerical investigations

In the past two decades, wind farms have been enjoying renewed interest as means for clean and renewable energy production. Larger and taller wind turbines are used for harvesting wind energy. In this paper, a boundary‐layer wind tunnel experiment was carried out on a model of the 5‐MW National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) wind turbine, to evaluate overall wind‐induced base loadings in a parked condition. While mean and background base loadings were measured experimentally, a posttest dynamic analysis framework is developed to assess inertial loads analytically. The analytical analysis is carried out under both rigid and flexible tower‐foundation assumptions. Whenever applicable, the wind tunnel measurements are compared with NREL results, which were obtained by using the Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures, and Turbulence (FAST) software. The comparison shows a good agreement between the proposed approach and the available FAST results. In addition, the study indicates that the flexibility of the foundation may result in a reduced overall wind loads, due to base isolation effects. However, the assumption of a rigid foundation results in a slightly conservative base loads. This said, depending on the available foundation system, the methodology followed in the current paper remains in force and the base stiffness can be updated to permit the estimation of actual foundation loadings.     

Optimization design of spar cap layup for wind turbine blade

Based on the aerodynamic shape and structural form of the blade are fixed,a mathematical model of optimization design for wind turbine blade is established.The model is pursued with respect to minimum ...     

谈汽机基座土建施工的经验与措施

以伊犁新天煤化工热电站1号汽轮发电机基座为例,对该工程土建施工中的重点和难点进行了简单的分析,分别总结了模板、脚手架、混凝土等分部工程的施工要点,为今后同类汽机基座土建施工提供了宝贵经验。     

我国陆上风电场风机基础形式研究

对目前国内陆上风电场常见的基础形式进行了介绍,并对重力式扩展基础、桩基础、岩石锚杆基础、预应力墩式基础、梁板式基础的优缺点进行了比较分析,为风电场建设时选择合理的基础形式提供了参考依据。