1-羟甲基苯并三氮唑与异丙胺复配物的缓蚀性能研究

以苯并三氮唑（BTA）和甲醛为原料合成了l-羟甲基苯并三氮唑,将其与异丙胺复配得到一种新的铜缓蚀剂。通过静态挂片、极化曲线以及交流阻抗等实验方法对其缓蚀性能进行了测定。实验结果证明该缓蚀剂在1％的HCI溶液中10mg／L的质量浓度下对黄铜的缓蚀率达到85％,比BTA缓蚀效果有很大提高。极化曲线测试结果表明1-羟甲基苯并三氮唑与异丙胺复配是混和型缓蚀剂。     

含苯并三氮唑基团硅烷偶联剂用于铁质文物防腐

硅烷偶联剂γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)与缓蚀剂苯并三氮唑可以进行开环反应,生成具有缓蚀基团的硅烷偶联剂。KH560与苯并三氮唑摩尔比对封护效果有较大影响,苯并三氮唑配比过高时缓蚀性能急剧下降。封护液的浓度对封护效果也有很大影响,浓度过低性能不好。最优结果为配比1∶1.2,质量分数为30%乙醇溶液。     

1-羟甲基苯并三氮唑复配物的缓蚀性能研究

以苯并三氮唑(BTA)和甲醛为原料合成了l-羟甲基苯并三氮唑,将其与乙二胺复配得到一种新的铜缓蚀剂。通过静态挂片、极化曲线以及交流阻抗等实验方法对其缓蚀性能进行了测定。实验结果证明,该缓蚀剂在3%的10 mg/L NaCl溶液中对黄铜的缓蚀率达到90%,比BTA缓蚀效果有很大提高。极化曲线测试结果表明,1-羟甲基苯并三氮唑与乙二胺复配得到的是混合型缓蚀剂。     

海洋环境中二维码标签用铜合金缓蚀剂的筛选

采用失重试验、极化曲线与电化学阻抗谱等方法,评价了九种缓蚀剂在人工海水中对铜合金的缓蚀效果。结果表明:九种缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率依次为苯并三氮唑2-巯基苯并噻唑2-巯基苯并咪唑三聚磷酸钠钼酸钠重铬酸钾硫酸锌亚硝酸钠钨酸钠。抑制阳极为主的混合型缓蚀剂苯并三氮唑、2-巯基苯并噻唑和2-巯基苯并咪唑是最佳的缓蚀剂,根据失重试验得出三者的缓蚀效率分别为97.04%、91.13%和90.96%。     

高浓度氯离子环境中铜合金缓蚀的电化学研究

应用线性电位扫描(LSV)和Tafel实验等电化学测试技术,研究了苯并三氮唑(BTA)浓度、缓蚀剂的复配、温度对铜合金在高浓度氯离子(25%氯化钙溶液)环境中腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:缓蚀剂浓度改变将引起缓蚀效果的变化,BTA浓度较低时,铜合金腐蚀电位随缓蚀剂浓度增大而升高,腐蚀速率降低;BTA浓度超过0.2%后,铜合金腐蚀电位和腐蚀速率趋于稳定;NaNO2、Na2MoO4、(NH4)2MoO4等缓蚀剂与BTA复配,对改善缓蚀效果有一定作用;温度对缓蚀效果有重要影响,铜合金在高浓度氯离子溶液中的腐蚀速率随温度的升高而加快,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果随温度的升高而降低。     

铜及铜合金用缓蚀剂——苯并三氮唑及其衍生物的发展

苯并三氮唑是一种优秀的金属缓蚀剂，为提高其对多种金属及各种介质中的缓蚀 效率，进一步对其衍生物的开发研究工作已经受到科技界的关注。专家黄魁元简要介绍了国内外金属缓蚀剂“苯并三氮唑及其衍生物”对铜及铜合金在腐蚀性介质中及不同工艺条件下的缓触效果，并指出笨并三氮唑及其衍生物在金属防护中的开发研究前景。     

酸性介质中脱氢松香基咪唑啉系缓蚀剂对金属铜缓蚀作用研究

本文利用静态失重法，测定了脱氢松香基咪唑啉系缓蚀剂，在盐酸，硫酸，硝酸介质中金属铜的腐蚀速度和缓蚀效率，实验结果表明，在本研究涉及的范围内，该缓蚀剂对盐酸，硫酸的缓蚀性能优于苯并三氮唑，对硝酸的缓蚀性能与苯并三氮唑相当。     

松香咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚对金属铜的缓蚀性研究

以松香、二乙烯三胺(DETA)和环氧乙烷(EO)为原料合成了不同环氧乙烷聚合度的松香咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚(RIEO)。利用静态失重法测定了RIEO在硝酸介质中对铜的缓蚀效率,讨论了影响缓蚀效率的因素,得出RIEO较适宜的缓蚀条件:环氧乙烷聚合度10,缓蚀剂浓度0.1%～0.2%,硝酸浓度10%～20%,温度50～60℃。RIEO-10对金属铜有较强的缓蚀能力,其缓蚀性能与苯并三氮唑(BTA)相当。     

氧化型杀生剂对苯并三氮唑缓蚀性能影响的研究

对苯并三氮唑在氧化型杀生剂作用下的氧化反应机理进行了分析,苯并三氮唑被氯氧化后其缓蚀效果会下降,提出了含氧化型杀生剂循环水中提高苯并三氮唑缓蚀效果的措施,在工业应用中取得了良好的效果.     

松香咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚对金属铜的缓蚀性研究

以松香、二乙烯三胺(DETA)和环氧乙烷(EO)为原料合成了不同环氧乙烷聚合度的松香咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚(RIEO)。利用静态失重法测定了RIEO在硝酸介质中对铜的缓蚀效率，讨论了影响缓蚀效率的因素，得出RIEO较适宜的缓蚀条件：环氧乙烷聚合度10，缓蚀剂浓度0．1％—0．2％。硝酸浓度10％—20％。温度50—60℃。RIEO—10对金属铜有较强的缓蚀能力，其缓蚀性能与苯并三氮唑(BTA)相当。     

佛山市顺德新城区降水中污染物的监测和分析

为掌握佛山市顺德新城区降水中污染物的情况,2015年7月至8月,文章作者分别在雨天进行了降水取样,对降水中的pH、电导率、常见阴离子(F-、Cl~-、NO_3~(2-)、SO_4~(2-))及部分重金属(铅和镉)进行监测分析。选择有相关数据的珠江三角洲和石家庄、厦门等地的降水中污染物的情况进行对比。结果表明,顺德新城区降水中的p H和部分阴离子浓度优于珠江三角洲平均值,酸雨类型属于硫酸和硝酸混合型;其水体洁净程度略差于石家庄;铅和镉的浓度也高于厦门,甚至部分超出了人体能直接接触的安全范围。     

Metabolism of trideuterated iso-lignoceric acid in rats in Vivo and in human fibroblasts in culture

Saturated very long chain fatty acids (fatty acids with greater than 22 carbon atoms; VLCFA) accumulate in peroxisomal disorders, but there is little information on their turnover in patients. To determine the suitability of using stable isotope-labeled VLCFA in patients with these disorders, the metabolism of 22-methyl[23,23,23-²H₃]tricosanoic (iso-lignoceric) acid was studied in rats in vivo and in human skin fibroblasts in culture. The deuterated iso-VLCFA was degraded to the corresponding 16- and 18-carbon iso-fatty acids by rats in vivo and by normal human skin fibroblasts in culture, but there was little or no degradation in peroxisome-deficient (Zellweger’s syndrome) fibroblasts, indicating that its oxidation was peroxisomal. Neither the 14-, 20-, and 22-carbon iso-fatty acids nor the corresponding odd-chain metabolites could be detected. In the rat, the organ containing most of the iso-lignoceric acid, and its breakdown products, was the liver, whereas negligible amounts were detected in the brain, suggesting that little of the fatty acid crossed the blood-brain barrier. Our data indicate that VLCFA labeled with deuterium at the ω-position of the carbon chain are suitable derivatives for the in vivo investigation of patients with defects in peroxisomal β-oxidation because they are metabolized by the same pathways as the corresponding n-VLCFA. Moreover, as iso-VLCFA and their β-oxidation products are readily separated from the corresponding n-fatty acids by normal chromatographic procedures, the turnover of VLCFA can be more precisely measured. A preliminary report of part of this work (Reference 18) was presented at the 5th International Symposium on the Synthesis and Applications of Isotopes and Isotopically Labelled Compounds, Strasbourg, France, June 20–24, 1994.     

高效液相色谱法分析化妆品中微量成分的研究进展

综述了高效液相色谱法在化妆品中防腐剂、防晒剂中紫外线吸收剂以及性激素的检测等几个方面的应用;同时,介绍了分析所用的色谱柱、流动相、使用的检测手段以及样品的提取方法;最后针对目前存在的问题,提出了高效液相色谱用于化妆品中微量成分分析的研究方向和发展前景。     

Denitrification in shallow groundwater in a coastal agricultural area in Japan

In a coastal agricultural area in the central part of Japan (Shizuoka), we found decreasing nitrate concentration with depth in a shallow groundwater, where the depth to water table varied between 0.6 and 1.2 m below ground surface. High nitrate concentrations (5–29 mg N L^–1) were often observed in the upper layer (0–2 m) of the groundwater, but the concentration decreased to less than 1 mg N L^–1 in the deeper layer. Ammonium was scarcely detected, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen was usually low (< 1 mgO₂ L^–1) in the groundwater. Nitrate in the groundwater often had very heavy nitrogen stable isotope ratios (>20{}). There was a negative relationship between nitrogen stable isotope ratio of nitrate and its concentration. When nitrate was injected into the groundwater with acetylene and bromide (a conservative tracer), nitrate concentration decreased to 20% of the initial level within 5 days, accompanied by the increase in nitrite and nitrous oxide concentration and a little change in bromide concentration. These results indicate that microbial denitrification plays a potential role in the decrease of nitrate in shallow groundwater at the study site.     

我国硝酸工业生产技术新进展

系统叙述了我国硝酸工业2000-2007年生产现状及主要技术成果,尤其指出了国产"四合一"机组的成功投运,使我国硝酸国产化装置取得较大的进步,表现在吨酸的铂耗、氨耗和能耗等方面接近国外引进装置水平,同时介绍了国外双加压法硝酸生产技术的进展.我国已成为硝酸生产大国,仍需以先进的技术改造和发展我国硝酸工业,确保我国硝酸工业健康有序地发展,加快从硝酸生产大国向强国迈进的步伐.