Effect of Solid Solution Supersaturation on Precipitation of γ'''' in Rapidly Quenched Ni-Al Binary Alloys

The effect of solid solution supersaturation on the precipitation of γ' in rapidly quenched Ni-Al binary alloys containing 11.6, 14.2 and 16.5 at. Pct Al was investigated. The samples were solutioned at 1250℃, quenched in iced brine, and then analyzed by electron microscopy and XRD (X-ray diffraction) techniques. In Ni-11.6 at. Pct Al alloy, ordering and phase separation took place simultaneously, resulting in a uniform distribution of γ'. A transition from uniform to bimodal γ' phase distribution occurred in the composition range between 14.2 and 16.5 at. Pct Al. This transition was accompanied by changes in the morphology of γ' precipitates. The microstructural observations were discussed in view of both kinetics and crystallographic considerations.     

硼元素对18Ni合金在固溶处理中析出行为的影响

本文研究了硼元素对18Ni(2400MPa 级)马氏体时效钢在固溶处理加热和保温过程中,析出行为的影响。研究结果表明,硼元素不仅促进合金在固溶化加热过程中第二相质点从α相中析出,而且在奥氏体状态下保温时,也发生硼化物的析出,聚集长大和重新溶解过程。     

Ca~(2+)和臭氧对A3碳钢表面磷化膜的影响

在低温磷化条件下, 在磷化液中加入Ca ²⁺并以臭氧作为促进剂, 在A3碳钢表面制备了磷化膜。通过SEM、
XRD、EDS、FT--IR以及腐蚀电化学测试等手段对磷化膜进行表征, 研究了Ca ²⁺和臭氧对磷化膜的结构和性能的影响。结果表明, 在磷化液中添加Ca ²⁺所得磷化膜的质量随着Ca ²⁺浓度的提高而减小, 添加Ca ²⁺可细化磷化膜的晶粒、提高磷化膜的致密度和耐蚀性能; 溶解在磷化液中的臭氧具有细化磷化膜晶粒和促进晶粒生长的作用, 能大幅提高磷化膜晶粒的形核率和磷化膜的主体形成速度。当磷化液的pH=2.70、Ca ²⁺浓度为1.8 g/L、臭氧含量为2.50 mg/L时, 磷化膜的质量为5.46 g/m², 其耐硫酸铜点滴腐蚀时间超过122 s, 在5% NaCl溶液中的腐蚀电流为0.50 μA/cm²。     

超快冷对碳素钢中渗碳体析出强化行为的影响*

用超快速冷却技术并控制轧后冷却温度, 研究了3种碳含量不同的碳素钢热轧后组织中渗碳体的析出行为和强化机制。结果表明, 在超快速冷却条件下0.04%C和0.5%C(质量分数, 下同)实验钢的主要强化方式分别是细化晶粒和细化珠光体片层间距, 没有纳米级渗碳体颗粒析出, 而在0.17%C实验钢的组织中则有大量弥散的纳米级渗碳体析出, 颗粒直径范围为10-100 nm, 通过超快速冷却技术实现了在不添加微合金元素的条件下纳米级渗碳体的析出。随着超快速冷却终冷温度的降低纳米渗碳体的析出强化作用使0.17%C钢的屈服强度提高110 MPa, 强化效果明显。在超快速冷却的工艺基础上若继续采用形变热处理工艺, 可进一步提高0.17%C实验钢的位错密度, 促进渗碳体均匀形核, 实现纳米级渗碳体颗粒在整个组织中更加均匀弥散的分布, 达到更好的均匀强化效果。在超快速冷却和形变热处理工艺条件下0.17%C钢的屈服强度可达到650 MPa以上, 强化效果提高300 MPa以上。     

Investigation of the rotary swaging and heat treatment on the behavior of W- and γ-phases in PM 92.5W–5Ni–2.5Fe–0.26Co heavy alloy

The effects of rotary swaging and different heat treatment procedures on the W- and γ-phases behavior of PM 92.5W–5Ni–2.5Fe (wt.%) heavy alloy microalloyed with cobalt have been studied. The investigation was performed on sintered and cold rotary swaged samples deformed with area reduction from 5 to 30%. One batch of swaged samples was annealed in vacuum at 1473 K for 7.2 ks and then furnace-cooled to the room temperature, whereas another batch of swaged samples was previously deformed 30% and strain aged in argon and nitrogen in the temperature range between 473 and 1123 K for 3.6 ks. Strengthening of W- and γ-phases was investigated by applying microhardness measurements. Effects of the degree of deformation, parameters of heat treatment and strain aging on microstructural changes have been studied. Mechanical properties, hardness and microhardness of phases as a function of the degree of deformation and heat treatment were analyzed by applying statistical modeling. A correlation between deformation behavior of phases, effect of heat treatment and alloy properties was also discussed.     

Effect of strip location on the air-side pressure drop and heat transfer in strip fin-and-tube heat exchangerEffet de la localisation des gaufrures d’ailettes sur la chute de pression de l''air et sur le transfert de chaleur dans un échangeur à tubes à ailettes

This work discusses about the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of a plain fin, a strip fin and combinations thereof in the fin-and-tube heat exchanger. Experimental apparatus and test algorithm using scale-up model fin geometry are discussed. The present work uses the electric heaters inside of the tube as the heating source to simulate the hot water loop in the wind tunnel test. The test results of the plain and strip fins are compared with the existing correlation and experimental data. It was found that a hybrid fin, plain fin at front row and strip fin at rear row, was more effective to enhance the heat transfer than that of the whole strip fin at the same fan power.

Résumé

Dans l’article, on traite des caractéristiques de la chute de pression et du transfert de chaleur d’une ailette lisse, d’une ailette gaufrée et de combinaisons de ces deux types d’ailettes dans un échangeur de chaleur à tubes ailetés. Le dispositif expérimental et l’algorithme utilisant une géométrie des ailettes échelonnées sont présentés. On utilise des équipements de chauffage électriques à l’intérieur du tube, comme source de chaleur, pour simuler la boucle d’eau chaude dans le tunnel expérimental. Les résultats expérimentaux concernant les ailettes lisses et les ailettes gaufrées sont comparés avec la corrélation existante et les données expérimentales. On a observé que des ailettes hybrides, c’est-à-dire lisses à la rangée frontale et gaufrées à la rangée arrière, étaient plus efficaces pour intensifier le transfert de chaleur que des ailettes entièrement gaufrées, à la même puissance du ventilateur.