热氧化制备纳米氧化锌薄膜的光致发光和室温紫外激光发射

利用低压-金属有机汽相外延(LP-MOCVD) 工艺首先在二氧化硅衬底上生长硫化锌(ZnS)薄膜,然后,将硫化锌薄膜在氧气中于不同温度下进行热氧化,制备出高质量的纳米氧化锌(ZnO)薄膜.X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,氧化锌具有六角纤锌矿晶体结构.900℃氧化样品的光致发光(PL)谱中,在波长为3.3eV处观察到一束强紫外光致发光和相当弱的深能级发射.紫外发光强度与深能级发射强度之比是80,表明纳米ZnO薄膜的高质量结晶.在受激发射实验中观察到紫外激光发射.     

衬底温度对ZnO:N薄膜结构和光学性能的影响

利用超声喷雾热解方法,以不同的沉积温度(450～510℃)在石英衬底上制备出具备较高光学质量的氮掺氧化锌(ZnO:N)薄膜。通过X射线衍射(XRD)谱研究了薄膜的结构,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了薄膜的表面形貌,用紫外可见(UV)分光光度计、光致发光(PL)谱对薄膜的光学特性进行了测试分析。结果表明,所制备薄膜在可见波段具有较高透过率,并且沉积温度对ZnO:N薄膜的透过性能有很大影响。在衬底温度为500℃时得到的ZnO:N薄膜为六角纤锌矿结构,结晶质量最好、光透过率最高。PL谱的测试结果显示,在该条件制备的ZnO:N薄膜只在389.4nm处有一个较强的近带边紫外发光峰。     

热氧化制备纳米氧化锌薄膜的光致发光和室温紫外激光发射

利用低压 -金属有机汽相外延 (L P- MOCVD)工艺首先在二氧化硅衬底上生长硫化锌 (Zn S)薄膜 ,然后 ,将硫化锌薄膜在氧气中于不同温度下进行热氧化 ,制备出高质量的纳米氧化锌 (Zn O )薄膜 .X射线衍射 (XRD)结果表明 ,氧化锌具有六角纤锌矿晶体结构 .90 0℃氧化样品的光致发光 (PL )谱中 ,在波长为 3.3e V处观察到一束强紫外光致发光和相当弱的深能级发射 .紫外发光强度与深能级发射强度之比是 80 ,表明纳米 Zn O薄膜的高质量结晶 .在受激发射实验中观察到紫外激光发射 .     

热氧化制备钠米氧化锌薄膜的光致发光特性研究

报道了热氧化制备钠米ZnO薄膜的光致发光.首先利用低压金属有机化学气相淀积(LP-MOCVD)工艺,在硅(100)衬底上制备了高质量的ZnS薄膜,然后在氧气环境下,在不同的温度下进行热氧化.X射线衍射(XRD)测量表明:在500℃退火的样品ZnS开始向ZnO转变.当退火温度为700℃时,ZnS衍射峰消失,说明ZnS完全地转变成ZnO.制备的ZnO薄膜具有六角纤锌矿型结构,但没有择优取向.在光致发光实验中,随着退火温度升高,紫外发光峰位明显地出现蓝移,而半高宽度(FWHM)逐渐变窄,直到900℃,而1000℃退火的样品出现相反的实验现象.我们认为束缚激子发射在紫外光致发光(PL)中起着重要作用,光致发光的强度与退火温度关系表现为较强的非线性.紫外发光强度与深能级发射之比是20,表明ZnO薄膜的高质量结晶.(OH18)     

脉冲激光沉积法制备氧化锌薄膜

ZnO是一种新型的Ⅱ-Ⅵ族半导体材料,具有优良的晶格、光学和电学性能,其显著的特点是在紫外波段存在受激发射。利用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在氧气氛中烧蚀锌靶制备了纳米晶氧化锌薄膜,衬底为石英玻璃,晶粒尺寸约为28-35 nm。X射线衍射(XRD)结果和光致发光(PL)光谱的测量表明,当衬底温度在100-250℃范围内时,所获得的ZnO薄膜具有c轴的择优取向,所有样品的强紫外发射中心均在378-385 nm范围内,深能级发射中心约518-558 nm,衬底温度为200℃时,得到了单一的紫外光发射(没有深能级发光)。这归因于其较高的结晶质量。     

持效疏水二氧化硅增透膜的制备和研究

为了制备结晶质量好的Cu掺杂ZnO薄膜,研究其结构和光学性质,采用脉冲激光沉积方法,在Si衬底上选择不同的衬底温度来制备薄膜.实验成功制得了结晶质量较好的Cu掺杂ZnO薄膜.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和荧光分光光度计对样品进行了测量和分析.所制备的样品均表现出高度的c轴择优取向,衬底温度为300℃时,薄膜表面形貌均匀致密;在样品的光致发光谱中,发现样品除了在380nm附近出现紫外发光峰外,在460nm附近出现了蓝光发光峰,真正意义上实现了ZnO薄膜的蓝光发射.结果表明,衬底温度对其晶体质量有较大影响.     

利用P-MBE在Si(111)衬底上生长氧化锌薄膜及其光学性质的研究

在Si(111)衬底上利用等离子体辅助分子束外延(P-MBE)生长氧化锌(ZnO)薄膜,研究了在不同衬底生长温度下(350～750℃)制备的ZnO薄膜的结构和光学性质．随着衬底温度的升高,样品的X射线及光致发光的半高宽度都是先变小后变大,衬底温度为550℃样品的结构及光学性质都比较好,这表明550℃为在Si(111)衬底上生长ZnO薄膜的最佳衬底温度;同时,我们还通过550℃样品的变温光致发光谱(81～300K)研究了ZnO薄膜室温紫外发光峰的来源,证明其来源于自由激子发射．     

Cu掺杂ZnO薄膜光学性质的研究

为了制备结晶质量好的Cu掺杂ZnO薄膜,研究其结构和光学性质,采用脉冲激光沉积方法,在Si衬底上选择不同的衬底温度来制备薄膜。实验成功制得了结晶质量较好的Cu掺杂ZnO薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和荧光分光光度计对样品进行了测量和分析。所制备的样品均表现出高度的c轴择优取向,衬底温度为300℃时,薄膜表面形貌均匀致密;在样品的光致发光谱中,发现样品除了在380nm附近出现紫外发光峰外,在460nm附近出现了蓝光发光峰,真正意义上实现了ZnO薄膜的蓝光发射。结果表明,衬底温度对其晶体质量有较大影响。     

ZnO：Ag薄膜的结构对其紫外发光增强的研究

利用脉冲激光沉积方法(PLD),在Si(100)衬底上生长了银掺杂的氧化锌薄膜(ZnO:Ag),所用的激光波长分别是1064 nm和355 nm.通过x射线衍射分析发现,两种不同激光沉积样品的晶体结构有很大的区别.此外,由1064 nm激光制备的ZnO:Ag薄膜,在氧气中800℃的条件下退火一个小时后,在其光致发光(PL)谱中发现,样品的紫外发光峰强度随薄膜中Ag含量增加而急剧增强,但在同样条件下处理的由355 nm激光制备的薄膜,没有观察到类似现象.经过分析和比较,我们认为这种紫外发光增强的特殊现象,是ZnO:Ag薄膜中的纳米Ag颗粒所引起的局部等离子共振而导致.     

热氧化法制备ZnO薄膜及其特性研究

用热氧化金属Zn膜的方法在Si(111)衬底上制备ZnO薄膜。X射线衍射结果表明,500℃氧化的样品的结晶性能最好。随氧化温度的升高,薄膜内的应力方向在450~500℃之间发生转变,从沿c轴的张应力变为压应力。500℃氧化的样品的室温光致发光(PL)谱中,紫外峰的半高宽为94.8meV,其强度与深能级发射强度之比高达162。氧化温度超过700℃后,样品的PL谱以深能级发射为主,对此现象产生的原因进行了讨论。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.