军事通信、保密通信与扩频通信

0620551一种基于椭圆曲线的多密钥共享方案[刊,中]／汪彩梅／／合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版)．-2006,29(4)．- 392-394(C) 0620552双非对称Mach-Zehnder干涉仪量子密钥分发系统误码率的研究[刊,中]／刘小宝／／量子电子学报．-2006, 23(2)．-191-196(L)对双非对称Mach-Zehnder干涉仪量子密钥分发系统的误码率做了系统的理论分析。详细分析了两Mach-Zehnder干涉仪臂长的不对称性、光纤的双折射     

光纤马赫曾德尔干涉仪系统的理论与应用分析

介绍了光纤Mach-Zehnder(MZ)干涉仪系统的结构.给出了光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪系统中信号光与参考光的干涉原理以及影响干涉光强的因素.同时也分析了光纤耦合器的交叉耦合,另外也给出了PZT的作用.阐述了光纤偏振控制器结构、工作原理以及其对光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪系统传感臂偏振态的控制,最后给出了光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪系统的应用.     

光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪系统的研究

介绍了光纤Mach-Zehnder(MZ)干涉仪系统的结构,阐述了该系统中信号光与参考光的干涉原理以及影响干涉光强的因素,分析了光纤耦合器的交叉耦合和PZT的作用,描述了光纤偏振控制器的结构、工作原理及其对光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪系统传感臂偏振态的控制,最后介绍了光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪系统的应用。     

全光纤反射式Mach—Zehnder干涉仪的数值研究

本文首次用干涉法对反射式Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的性能做了较详细的研究。推导出了该干涉仪的能量传输矩阵,分析了两个耦合器的分光比和两臂的臂长差对其输出光谱谱线的影响,对于k=0.5的反射式Mach-Zehnder干涉型滤波器比同臂长差的透射式Mach-Zehnder干涉型滤波器的峰值波长间隔周期小1倍。并讨论了相邻透射峰之间波长差与臂长差的关系。     

基于3dB光纤耦合器构成的Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪稳定控制系统

Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪（MZI）是一种利用光干涉原理制成的仪器,具有体积小、重量轻、结构紧凑、抗电磁干扰和灵敏度高等优点。但是,Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪是一种非平衡并行结构,易受环境等因素影响导致其性能不稳定。因此,高性能测量系统和通信系统对光纤干涉仪的稳定工作提出了严格的要求。提出了一种基于3 dB光纤耦合器构成的Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的稳定控制系统,其目的是通过对探测器的输出信号进行调制,并反馈到光纤干涉仪的一臂上进行偏置控制,从而实现Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪的稳定工作。该方法实现简单,克服了现有3 dB光纤耦合器构成的Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪不能稳定工作的问题。     

非平衡光纤Mach-Zehder干涉仪偏振衰落及相位噪声分析

研究了非平衡光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪因两束干涉光偏振态变化引起的偏振衰落和相位噪声问题.运用波导耦合理论和光纤偏振光传输理论,通过详细的推导,得到非平衡光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪输出光强、可见度以及相位噪声的表达式,分析了干涉仪可见度、相位噪声与干涉仪输入光偏振态之间的关系,提出抑制偏振衰落和相移噪声的方法.     

光纤双折射对光纤环保偏能力影响的实验研究

为了研究光纤双折射对陀螺光纤环保偏能力的影响,选用三种不同型号的光纤采用相同的绕制方法制作相同规格的光纤环.采用白光干涉仪测试光纤环的偏振耦合分布,并利用光纤环两端尾纤与白光干涉仪尾纤的熔点引起的偏振耦合干涉峰计算绕环光纤的双折射.通过不同光纤环测试结果的比较,分析绕环光纤双折射对光纤环保偏能力的影响.测试结果表明,三...     

3×2型马赫-曾德尔干涉仪交错滤波器理论研究

对由1个3×3和1个2×2单模光纤耦合器串联组成的全光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪（MZI）型波长交错滤波器进行了详细分析。结果表明：可以根据实际需要,通过调节马赫-曾德尔干涉仪干涉臂的臂长差和第2个耦合器耦合比来控制输出波的谱形图,以达到所需的多波长交错滤波器。     

非平衡光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪偏振衰落及相位噪声分析

研究了非平衡光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪因两束干涉光偏振态变化引起的偏振衰落和相位噪声问题。运用波导耦合理论和光纤偏振光传输理论，通过详细的推导，得到非平衡光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪输出光强、可见度以及相位噪声的表达式，分析了干涉仪可见度、相位噪声与干涉仪输入光偏振态之间的关系，提出抑制偏振衰落和相移噪声的方法。     

基于保偏光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的温度不敏感压力传感技术

分析和仿真了含两段保偏光纤的光纤Sagnac干涉仪输出光谱特性,获得消除两段双折射光纤交叉敏感的条件。提出了一种基于保偏光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的温度不敏感压力传感技术。采用实心保偏光子晶体光纤作为传感光纤,搭建了基于双段保偏光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的侧向压力传感系统,分别进行侧向压力测试及温度影响实验。实验结果表明,侧向压力灵敏度可以达到的0.287 7 nm/N,同时由温度变化引起的漂移量小于0.1 pm/℃。     

Polarization-independent silica-on-silicon Mach-Zehnderinterferometers

The birefringence induced by compressive strain in silica waveguides on silicon substrates is compensated with a silicon nitride patch placed below the core. We demonstrate Mach-Zehnder interferometers with polarization-independent spectral response, including a compensated Mach-Zehnder interferometer suitable for stabilization of multiple laser sources in a dense wavelength division multiplexed fiber optic communication network. Furthermore, we show how silicon nitride can also be used to compensate polarization dependent losses. Polarization independence achieved with a silicon nitride patch is applicable to a wide variety of other devices such as arrayed waveguide grating multiplexers and Bragg reflectors     

双Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪中的模拟退火偏振控制算法

基于双Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪的分布式光纤油气管道安全检测及预警系统运行时,由于光纤等效双折射和输入偏振态扰动的影响,常出现相位偏移而导致用于报警定位的两路检测信号相关性下降而产生定位误差。本文提出基于双臂检测信号相关系数的模拟退火算法对输入偏振态进行实时控制,在系统信号相关性恶化时,通过反馈控制改变输入偏振态以恢复信号的良好相关性。现场实验表明,基于双臂检测信号相关系数的模拟退火偏振控制算法,可快速寻找到偏振态最优点,使检测信号维持良好的相关性;相较采用偏振控制之前,系统的工作稳定性得到了明显提高。     

基于MZI和取样光栅的可调谐光分插复用器

提出一种基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)和取样光纤布拉格光栅(SFBG)的新型光分插复用器(OADM),它由两个并联马赫-曾德尔干涉仪和四个取样光纤布拉格光栅组成.对该光分插复用器的输出特性进行了理论仿真,研究得出通道间隔为0.8nm时下载和输出端口的光谱特性,研究发现干涉仪的臂长差和取样光栅的中心波长差是决定光分插复用器输出特性的主要因素.调节一个马赫-曾德尔干涉仪上的臂长差和取样光栅的中心波长,可以实现信号下载可调功能或直通功能.     

Intermodal interference based refractive index sensor employing elliptical core photonic crystal fiber

A refractive index (RI) sensor based on elliptical core photonic crystal fiber (EC-PCF) has been proposed. The asymmetric elliptical core introduces the polarization-dependent characteristics of the fiber core modes. The performances of intermodal interference between the intrinsic polarization fiber core modes are investigated by contrast in two interferometers based on the Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) and Sagnac interference model. In addition, the RI sensing characteristics of the two interferometers are studied by successively filling the three layers air holes closest to the elliptical core in the cladding. The results show that the M-Z interference between LP01 and LP11 mode in the same polarized direction is featured with the incremental RI sensing sensitivity as the decreasing interference length, and the infilled scope around the elliptical core has a weak correlation with the RI sensing sensitivity. Due to the high birefringence of LP11 mode, the Sagnac interferometer has better RI sensing performance, the maximum RI sensing sensitivity of 12 000 nm/RIU is achieved under the innermost one layer air holes infilled with RI matching liquid of RI=1.39 at the pre-setting EC-PCF length of 12 cm, which is two orders of magnitude higher than the M-Z interferometer with the same fiber length. The series of theoretical optimized analysis would provide guidance for the applications in the field of biochemical sensing.     

Comparison of fiber-optic Sagnac and Mach-Zehnder interferometerswith respect to thermal processes in the fiber

The impact of thermal noise in the fiber on the noise power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of fiber-optic sensors is investigated, and sensors based on the Sagnac and the Mach-Zehnder interferometers are compared. The SNR is almost the same for the two interferometers; the Mach-Zehnder interferometer has slightly higher SNR at low frequencies, whereas the Sagnac interferometer may have a few dB higher SNR at high frequencies. It is also shown that thermal noise may dominate over shot noise for realistic system parameters, in which case a Sagnac interferometer has several advantages over a Mach-Zehnder interferometer     

Thermal effects in doped fibers

A theoretical analysis of the pump-induced temperature change and associated thermal phase shift occurring in a pumped doped fiber is presented. Although the primary devices targeted are all-optical switches based on doped fibers, where such effects can be detrimental, this analysis is also applicable to lasers, amplifiers, and other doped fiber devices. The effects of a single pump pulse, multiple pulses and continuous wave (CW) pumping are investigated, both in the dynamic and steady-state regimes. Simple expressions are derived for the thermal relaxation time constant of a fiber, and for its steady-state temperature rise and thermal phase shift under CW pumping. This study predicts that in all-optical fiber switches utilizing a reasonably good dopant the thermal effect due to a single short pulse is negligible in all interferometers, while the steady-state effect can be sizable in a standard fiber Mach-Zehnder but is negligible in a twin-core fiber, a two-mode fiber, and a specially designed Mach-Zehnder interferometer     

Single-Photon Interference Experiment Over 80 km With a Pulse-Driven Heralded Single-Photon Source

We have conducted a single-photon interference experiment over an 80-km optical fiber using a pulse-driven heralded single-photon source (HSPS). To the best of our knowledge, this is, thus far, the longest distance over which a single-photon interference experiment has been conducted using HSPSs (continuous-wave-pumped or pulse-driven). The effect of the 80-km transmission on the dispersion and fluctuation of polarization are more severe than those in our previous 40-km quantum key distribution (QKD) experiment. We have overcome the difficulties by some fine tunings and low-jitter controlling. By conducting ten consecutive transmission experiments over a total time of 30 min, an average quantum bit-error rate (QBER) of 7.9 plusmn 1.2% has been obtained. This QBER is lower than the threshold QBER of 10.55% which is considered as a limit for unconditional security for the QKD under negligible multiphoton emission.     

Effects of normal mode loss in dielectric waveguide directional couplers and interferometers

Theoretical arguments and experimental evidence are presented to show that the two fundamental normal modes of a coupled waveguide structure have different attenuations in traversing such a structure. The effects of this phenomenon on evanescent wave directional couplers and interferometers are derived. Parasitic effects in Mach-Zehnder and Sagnac interferometers utilizing directional couplers are described. An asymmetric output for the recently demonstrated all-single-mode fiber resonator is predicted and compared to experimental results. Some qualitative results are presented for integrated optic directional coupler switches.     

Effect of electroabsorption on electrorefractive intensitymodulators

A theoretical analysis of the effect of electroabsorption on intensity modulation in Mach-Zehnder interferometers and directional couplers using the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) and the bandfilling (BF) effect is presented. The achievable contrast ratios in the two types of electrorefractive modulators depend differently on the relative strength of the phase versus the amplitude modulation. QCSE is more suitable for directional couplers, while BF is more suitable for Mach-Zehnder interferometers     

采用复合滤波器的温度可调谐多波长光纤激光器

提出了一种基于复合光纤滤波器的在室温下稳定输出多波长掺铒光纤激光器,该激光器由两个级联球状结构的马赫-增德尔干涉仪（MZI）和一个双折射光纤滤波器-Lyot滤波器组成。球状结构MZI是由光纤熔接机在一段单模光纤（SMF）放电设计而成的。Lyot双折射光纤滤波器是利用一段保偏光纤（PMF）和两个偏振控制器（PC）连接而成,该结构可以诱导非线性偏振旋转效应和双折射光纤效应来抑制模式竞争产生多波长。Lyot滤波器和球状结构的MZI作为模式限制器件,并且Lyot滤波器对级联球状结构MZI的透射谱进行调制,其透射谱周期决定了复合滤波器结构的透射谱周期。在室温下,该系统实现了边模抑制比约为40 dB的九个波长的同时激射,且波长间隔约为0.68 nm,与Lyot滤波器透射谱周期一致。为了验证输出波长的稳定性,在2 h内,每隔10 min观察输出的波长,实验证明,室温下中心波长输出功率的浮动小于0.67 dB。此外,将两个球状结构MZI放置在高温炉上,使其外界温度从30℃升至110℃时,输出波长光谱的调谐范围可达到6.69 nm。