模拟矿井环境下的PEEK/SiO2/CF-MoS2复合材料摩擦行为研究*

为改善聚醚醚酮（PEEK）在矿井工况下的摩擦性能,选用纳米二氧化硅（SiO2）、二硫化钼（MoS2）和短切碳纤维（CF）为增强填料制备PEEK/SiO2/CF-MoS2复合材料,并探究PEEK/SiO2/CF-MoS2复合材料在不同工况条件下的滑动与滚动摩擦学性能;通过模拟滚轮罐耳在矿井环境下的运行方式,分析其磨损形貌和磨损机制。结果表明：PEEK/SiO2/CF-MoS2复合材料在不同载荷条件下均具有良好的减摩和耐磨特性;滑动摩擦在水介质工况下及滚动摩擦在干摩擦工况下,复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损率最低,其磨损机制均以磨粒磨损为主。与矿井常用的聚氨酯材料的对比,PEEK/SiO2/CF-MoS2复合材料的摩擦学性能更为优异。     

纳米颗粒TiO2和SiO2对碳纤维/超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料力学和摩擦学性能的影响

采用UMT-5型摩擦磨损试验机和万能材料试验机考察TiO2和SiO2两种纳米颗粒对碳纤维(CF)/超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)复合材料摩擦学性能和力学性能的影响,利用扫描电镜观察复合材料断面形貌和磨痕表面形貌.结果表明:纳米TiO2和SiO2的加入可以改善碳纤维与树脂之间的界面结合强度,从而改善了 CF/UHMWP...     

PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

用机械共混、冷压成型烧结的方法制备了纳米SiO2/石墨/玻璃纤维/PTFE复合材料试样。用MM-200型磨损试验机测试了在干摩擦条件下不同载荷时各试样的摩擦磨损性能;用扫描电镜对磨损后试件表面进行观察和分析。研究结果表明：纳米SiO2和玻璃纤维有效提高了PTFE的承载能力,石墨的加入起到了减小摩擦的作用;在本试验条件下,在摩擦过程中三元混合填充PTFE复合材料在偶件表面形成了转移膜,减少了复合材料与偶件的直接接触,因而表现出优异的抗磨性。     

氧化石墨烯和纳米SiO2增强PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损行为

为研究具有层状结构和球状结构的纳米填料之间的相互作用对聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）复合材料摩擦磨损行为的影响,采用冷冻干燥超声共混-冷压-热烧结法制备纳米二氧化硅（nano-SiO2）和氧化石墨烯（GO）填充改性PTFE复合材料。利用LSM-2R往复式摩擦磨损试验机测试干摩擦条件下nano-SiO2和GO复配改性PTFE复合材料的摩擦学性能,采用MicroXAM-800非接触式三维表面轮廓仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)分析表征转移膜形貌、元素分布和磨痕表面三维形貌,从微观层面揭示nano-SiO2和GO的减摩机制。结果表明：单独填充nano-SiO2与GO均可改善PTFE复合材料的摩擦学特性,其中在较低添加量下,GO在提高PTFE耐磨性方面明显优于nano-SiO2;GO和nano-SiO2复配填充时存在协同效应,与单一填充相比进一步改善了复合材料的摩擦学性能;相比于纯PTFE,3%nano-SiO2/0.5%GO/PTFE复合材料的磨损率降低60.36%。机制分析表明,协同作用和均匀连续转移膜的形成是nano-SiO2和GO增强PTFE复合材料性能优异的主要原因。     

纳米氧化锌和石墨填充聚酰亚胺摩擦学性能研究

采用M-2000型摩擦磨损试验机考察单一纳米氧化锌(ZnO)和石墨以及二者复合填充聚酰亚胺(PI)复合材料在干摩擦下与GCr15轴承钢对摩时的摩擦磨损性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜分析PI复合材料及其对偶件磨损表面形貌状况。结果表明,填充纳米ZnO后,PI复合材料的摩擦学性能变差,填充石墨后,PI复合材料摩擦学性能显著改善;而复合填充纳米ZnO和石墨后PI复合材料的摩擦学性能最佳,即二者存在明显的协同效应。PI复合材料的摩擦磨损性能同其在偶件磨损表面形成的转移膜的性质密切相关,纳米ZnO能显著增强转移膜与对偶件的结合强度,不同PI复合材料呈现不同的磨损机制。     

纳米SiO_2、玻璃微珠共混改性UHMWPE复合材料空蚀性能研究

通过模压成型工艺制备纳米SiO2、玻璃微珠颗粒共混改性UHMWPE复合材料,采用MRH-5A型环块磨损试验机研究载荷以及玻璃微珠含量对UHMWPE复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,利用转盘式空蚀磨损试验装置对复合材料进行空蚀磨损试验。结果表明,适量的纳米SiO2和玻璃微珠颗粒填充可以提高UHMWPE硬度,有效地改善UHMWPE的摩擦磨损性能和抗空蚀性能,质量分数10%纳米SiO2和2%玻璃微珠改性UHMWPE复合材料抗空蚀性能是纯UHM-WPE的3倍。     

纳米ZrO2改性热塑性聚酰亚胺复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

采用热模压工艺制备了纳米ZrO2改性热塑性聚酰亚胺(PI)纳米复合材料,考察了复合材料的力学性能、在干摩擦和油润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜观察了冲击断面和磨损表面形貌.结果表明:纳米ZrO2在低含量下对PI复合材料的力学性能影响不大,随着其含量的增大,材料的弯曲性能下降,刚性增大.在干摩擦条件下,较低的纳米颗粒含量有助于转移膜的形成,从而降低材料的摩擦因数及磨损率.纳米ZrO2体积分数为1%时,材料的摩擦磨损性能较纯PI分别下降了50%和15%;在油润滑条件下,润滑油的流动性有助于纳米颗粒分布到整个摩擦界面,PI复合材料的摩擦因数及磨损率有明显降低,此时磨损机制以疲劳磨损为主.     

纳米SiO2颗粒和玻璃微珠共混改性超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

采用模压成型工艺制备了纳米SiO2颗粒和玻璃微珠共混改性的超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料;研究了相对滑动速度、载荷以及玻璃微珠含量对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,并对磨损形貌和磨损机理进行了分析。结果表明:添加纳米SiO2颗粒和玻璃微珠可以提高复合材料的硬度、压缩弹性模量和摩擦磨损性能;相对滑动速度对复合材料摩擦因数和磨损率有很大的影响;载荷对复合材料的摩擦因数影响不明显,但磨损率随载荷的增加而增大;纳米SiO2颗粒和玻璃微珠混合改性后复合材料的磨损机理主要是粘着磨损和疲劳磨损。     

填充纳米SiO2对超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

用热压成型法制备了纳米SiO2填充超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)复合材料,采用销-盘式摩擦磨损试验机考察了纳米粒子对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料磨损表面形貌,并借助X射线能谱仪对试样磨损表面进行了微区分析。结果表明:纯UHMWPE磨损表面局部存在着大量的粘着变形和疲劳裂纹的特征,填充15%(质量分数)的纳米SiO2能较好地改善UHMWPE/nano-SiO2复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,其磨损表面只存在粘着撕裂现象,看不到疲劳裂纹特征。当填充纳米SiO2质量分数达到20%时,其磨损表面存在贫Si区和富Si区,同时磨损表面呈现出热裂纹迹象,复合材料的耐磨性能改善程度明显下降,并且摩擦因数出现了增大趋势。     

表面修饰SiO2纳米微粒作为液体石蜡添加剂抗磨性能的研究

用原位表面修饰法合成了异辛酸修饰SiO2纳米微粒，利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了SiO2纳米微粒作为液体石蜡添加剂的摩擦学行为。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）对钢球磨损表面进行了分析。试验结果表明，SiO2纳米微粒作为液体石蜡添加剂具有良好的抗磨损性能，能显著提高液体石蜡的失效载荷；表面修饰SiO2纳米微粒在摩擦过程中发生了摩擦化学反应，形成了含SiO2及有机分解产物等组分的复合边界润滑膜，从而表现出良好的抗磨性和较高的承载能力。     

TiO2/Ag/TiO2纳米多层膜的研究

设计和制备了用于平面显示器透明电极的纳米多层薄膜TiO2/Ag/TiO2,它的明视透光率Tlum约为89.3%,在2 500nm波长处的反射率R2 500>95%,方块电阻为3.0Ω/cm2,在550nm波长处的电气性能评价指标FTC=137×10-3Ω-1.发现顶层介质折射率的变化将会引起膜系透射峰的水平移动,而底层介质折射率的变化将仅仅影响膜系透射峰的高低.     

Tribological properties of ZrO2 (Y2O3)-Mo-BaF2/CaF2 composites at high temperatures

ZrO₂ (Y₂O₃) with different contents of BaF₂/CaF₂ and Mo were fabricated by hot pressed sintering, and the tribological behavior of the composites against SiC ceramic was investigated from room temperature to 1000 °C. It was found that the ZrO₂ (Y₂O₃)-5BaF₂/CaF₂-10Mo composite possessed excellent self-lubricating and anti-wear properties. The low friction and wear were attributed to enhanced matrix and BaMoO₄ formed on the worn surfaces.     

纳米ZrO2/SiC-WSi2/MOSi2复相陶瓷的显微结构与耐磨性

将纳米ZrO2和SiC颗粒与微米WSi2／MoSi2颗粒进行球磨分散、混合，通过热压烧结制备ZrO2／SiC-WSi2／MoSi2复相陶瓷，研究了它的显微结构与耐磨性并与MoSi2材料进行了对比。结果表明：SiC、ZrO2纳米颗粒的复合化以及钨的合金化能使复相陶瓷晶粒细化，复相陶瓷的硬度较MoSiz陶瓷明显提高，耐磨性优于MoSiz陶瓷，磨损机制主要为粘着磨损兼有疲劳微断裂。     

Processing and characterization of laser-sintered Al2O3/ZrO2/SiO2

In this study, bioceramics of alumina, zirconia, and silica were synthesized through Nd:YAG laser sintering process aiming at studying the microstructure and phase composition based on the various laser processing parameters used. Optimal parameters of scanning speed and average laser power for selective laser sintering were determined. Effect of shifting of consecutive single vector on the process of forming the monolayer was also studied. Following the synthesis, the structure and composition were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and analyzing X-ray diffraction. The results help understand the characteristics of the laser-sintered composite ceramic formed and suggested more applications in the biomedical fields in future.     

Al2O3-TiB2-ZrO2三元复合陶瓷刀具的性能研究

对Al     

Na2O-B2O3-Ta2O5系统玻璃红外光谱的研究

本文首次系统地研究了Na₂O—B₂O₃—Ta₂O₅。三元新系统的红外光谱,分析了B₂O₃、Ta₂O₅含量的变化对玻璃结构的影响。结果表明:随着Na₂O/B₂O₃比值的减小,结构中:[BO₄]四面体减小,[BO₃]三角体增加。随着Ta₂O₅含量的增加,[BO₄]四面体的数量增多,非桥氧的数量减少,表明Ta⁵⁺可以连结非桥氧,形成网络。     

Tribological performance of MoS2---B2O3 compacts

A recent investigation suggests that selected oxides perform well as additives in molybdenum disulphide (MoS₂) because of their ability to soften at asperity contacts with the result that the solid lubricant can attain and retain a preferred tribological orientation.This research determined the effectiveness of boric oxide (B₂O₃), when used as an additive in MoS₂, for substrate temperatures ranging from 21°C to 316°C. This range was used to allow the asperity contact temperature to vary below and above the softening point of B₂O₃. It was found that a moderate friction coefficient and high wear, which is attributed to the additive acting abrasively, occurred when the asperity contact temperature was well below the softening point of the oxide. When the asperity contact temperature neared the softening point of the oxide, the friction coefficient increased dramatically and wear volume was reduced. It is postulated that B₂O₃ acted adhesively at the interface resulting in a higher coefficient of friction, and wear decreased due to an attainment of a preferred orientation by the MoS₂. For asperity contact temperatures significantly above the softening point of B₂O₃, the friction coefficient returned to about the same value as for temperatures below the softening point. It is speculated that wear continued to increase moderately because of localized melting of the B₂O₃, permitting the MoS₂ to be removed from the interface. These observations support a hypothesis that an additive, such as boric oxide, can soften as the asperity contact temperature approaches the softening point temperature of the additive so that the overall tribological conditions may be improved resulting in reduced interfacial wear. Significant changes in temperature, load or sliding velocity would, of course, dramatically alter the wear characteristics observed at the interface.     

SiO2-BaO-La2O3-RmOn系统玻璃的光吸收

本文系统地研究了,SiO₂-BaO-La₂O₃-R_mO_n系统玻璃的光吸收。通过选用不同硅硼比值及引入适宜的Nb₂O₅含量获得了紫外区透过率好,抗析晶性能好的玻璃。