非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的研究进展

简要概述了非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(NIPU)的合成原理与性能特点,介绍了典型NIPU、杂化非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(HNIPU)、硅氧烷改性非异氰酸酯聚氨酯、丙烯酸改性杂化非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(A-HNIPU)等几种非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的研究进展,展望了此类材料的应用现状与发展前景。     

非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的研究进展

详细介绍了NIPU(非异氰酸酯聚氨酯)的原料组成,着重介绍了环碳酸酯单体的合成方法、反应机制,并综述其性能特点及其在涂料、发泡剂和胶粘剂等领域中的应用。最后对NIPU的发展方向进行了展望。     

大豆油型非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的合成与表征

以环氧大豆油为原料合成了大豆油环碳酸酯(CSBO),并进一步与脂肪族伯胺反应合成了大豆油型非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(E-NIPU)。利用FT-IR、GPC、元素分析等分析手段对产物的结构进行了表征。     

非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的微波合成

文章以聚乙二醇为原料微波合成非异氰酸酯聚氨酯。先将聚乙二醇制成的二元醇化物与碳酸二甲酯反应生成聚乙二醇环碳酸酯,再通过聚乙二醇环碳酸酯与三乙烯四胺反应制备非异氰酸酯聚氨酯预聚体,最后将非异氰酸酯聚氨酯预聚体与环氧树脂作用形成互穿聚合物网络的杂化的非异氰酸酯聚氨酯-环氧树脂涂膜。实验结果表明：微波法可以顺利得到非异氰酸酯聚氨酯预聚体,非异氰酸酯聚氨酯-环氧树脂涂膜具有比较好的表面形态,铅笔硬度为2H。     

非异氰酸酯聚氨酯发展近况

非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(NIPU)的特殊分子结构,赋予其材料比传统聚氨酯(PU)更独特的性能,并促使20世纪90年代研发热潮,发展较快.简述了传统PU生产和制品呈现的问题、NIPU市场发展概况及其性能特征、NIPU合成方法发展沿革及合成反应机理;举例说明典型和杂化NIPU的几种其体合成方法,并介绍其主要应用领域.     

非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的最新研究进展

概述了非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(NIPU)合成原料以及环碳酸酯的高效催化体系的新进展,介绍了NIPU的合成机理,综述了热塑性NIPU、热固性NIPU、杂化及改性NIPU的最新研究进展,展望了NIPU的未来发展方向。     

新一代环保型聚氨酯——非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的研究进展

非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(NIPU)是由环碳酸酯寡聚物与胺类寡聚物反应制得的新一代环保型聚氨酯(PU)材料。本文介绍了NIPU的制备原理,综述了近年来环碳酸酯及其寡聚物、线性NIPU、杂化NIPU及改性NIPU的合成研究与应用进展。     

非异氰酸酯聚氨酯涂料的制备及性能研究

将2,3-环碳酸甘油酯甲基丙烯酸酯(PCMA)与丙烯酸酯类单体共聚生成的聚合物作为主要成膜物,以二乙烯三胺为固化剂,制备了非异氰酸酯聚氨酯涂膜(NIPU).通过门-IR对涂膜结构进行分析,证明了聚氨酯特殊基团氨基甲酸酯的合成;并通过对漆膜综合性能的研究,确定了共聚实验配方及固化合成NIPU的最佳工艺.配制的清漆漆膜综合性能优良,同时其制备过程中不以有毒、高湿敏性的异氰酸酯为原料,安全、环保.     

非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的研究进展及应用

综述了非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(NIPU)的合成原理与性能特点,讨论了两种合成原料环碳酸酯齐聚物和胺类齐聚物的合成方法及最新研究进展,介绍了NIPU的应用范围及发展前景.     

Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric,biobased, nonisocyanate polyurethane from natural rubber

Linear and crosslinked polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) based on natural rubber (NR) were synthesized by a polyaddition reaction without a solvent or catalyst to exploit the reactivity of diamines or triamines with dicyclic carbonate groups. Oligo‐isoprenes were obtained from the controlled oxidative degradation of NR and successive modifications of the chain ends. The syntheses of linear PHU were carried out with two approaches. The first one consisted of a reaction between amino telechelic oligo‐isoprenes and aromatic or aliphatic dicyclic carbonates. The second approach proceeded through a reaction between oligo‐isoprenes bearing cyclic carbonate chain ends and difunctional or trifunctional amines. The evolution of these reactions was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The influence of the carbonate‐to‐amine molar ratio, the chain length of the oligo‐isoprenes, and the reaction temperatures were investigated. The thermal properties of the PHUs were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45427.     

无异氰酸酯聚氨酯的制备

以碳酸二甲酯和1,6-己二胺为原料制备1,6-六亚甲基二氨基甲酸甲酯(HDU);再以HDU与聚醚二元醇(EPO3000)为原料合成无异氰酸酯聚氨酯.产物用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、热失重以及凝胶色谱表征.结果表明,n(HDU)/n(EPO3000)为1 : 1,在180 ℃下反应1 h, 产物特性黏数达208.4 mL/g,重均分子量为1.1×105.     

一种耐热型聚氨酯弹性体的合成

在三聚催化剂的作用下,合成出了异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的三聚体异氰脲酸酯,然后使它与聚酯多元醇反应,采用两步法手工浇注合成含异氰脲酸酯环的聚氨酯弹性体。采用红外光谱对该三聚产物进行了表征,并证实了异氰脲酸酯的存在。采用六氢吡啶法测出了异氰脲酸酯的质量分数。分别采用热重法和机械性能测试分析了弹性体的热稳定性和机械性能。结果显示,与普通聚氨酯弹性体相比,用异氰酸酯改性后的聚氨酯弹性体的热稳定性明显得到了提高。     

Segmented polyurethane elastomers by nonisocyanate route

Novel segmented polyurethane elastomers were successfully synthesized by a nonisocyanate route using dicyclic carbonates as precursors for both soft and hard segments. The hard segment was prepared from the dicyclic carbonate of bisphenol A and m‐xylylenediamine as chain extender. The soft segment was poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol of molecular weight 1000. Three polyurethanes with different morphologies were made with soft segment concentration of 70, 50, and 30%. Method of synthesis consisted in preparation of dicyclic carbonate of bisphenol A from a commercial epoxy resin and carbon dioxide, while dicyclic carbonate of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMEG) was made from previously prepared diglycidyl ether of PTMEG and carbon dioxide. Polymers were prepared by reacting dicyclic carbonates with m‐xylylenediamine by one‐pot process. The monomers and polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical measurements. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42492.     

Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane anionomers

Un‐ionized polyurethane was obtained by the reaction of an isocyanate‐terminated urethane prepolymer, which was synthesized from 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate and poly(oxytetramethylene)‐α,ω‐glycol, with 2,2‐bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid. A carboxylate‐based polyurethane anionomer was then derived from the polyurethane by the use of the sodium, potassium, or magnesium salt of acetic acid as a neutralizer. The ionomerization resulted in the following changes in the characteristics of the polyurethane: (1) an increase in the tensile strength, (2) a decrease in the glass‐transition temperature, (3) an increase in the wettability and hygroscopicity with respect to water, and (4) susceptibility to thermal decomposition. A sulfonate‐based polyurethane was also synthesized for comparison with the carboxylate‐based polyurethane. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2144–2148, 2005     

超支化聚氨酯的合成与表征

以六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为A2型单体,二乙醇胺(DEOA)为CBx型单体,采用A2+ CBx法,并结合逐步升温法和单体逐步加入法,制备高支化度和高代数的超支化聚氨酯.利用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、核磁共振(NMR)、旋转流变仪(Rhe-ometer)等对目标产物进行结构和性能上的表征.研究结果表明:通过该方法可以制得超支化聚氨酯,支化度为76;与线性聚氨酯相比,该超支化聚氨酯具有更低的玻璃化转变温度和更优异的流变性能.     

一种含磷自修复水性聚氨酯的合成及性能

采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚丙二醇和2,2-二羟甲基丙酸为主要原料,以无卤含磷阻燃剂Exolit OP550(记为OP550,下同)为软段扩链剂,通过前扩链方式将二羟乙基二硫化物引入到水性聚氨酯(WPU)分子链中,成功制备了兼具阻燃和自修复两种特殊功能的水性聚氨酯(记为OHWPU)乳液.采用FTIR和激光粒度仪对OHWP...     

超支化聚氨酯的合成与表征

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二乙醇胺(DEA)为反应单体,采用阶段升温的方法合成了具有超支化结构的聚氨酯(HBPU)。合成产物经分离提纯后采用红外光谱(FT-IR)和差示扫描量热(DSC)技术进行表征。研究结果表明:反应体系发生了超支化反应,生成了目标产物HBPU;该HBPU的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)达到-59.75℃,可溶于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)等极性溶剂中;羟值滴定各代生成的HBPU的羟值,第一代HBPU羟值的理论值为4.17,测量值为4.64,说明该HBPU羟值的实测值与理论值比较接近。     

一种含磷自修复水性聚氨酯的合成及性能

采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）和聚丙二醇（PPG）为原料,通过前扩链的方式将二羟乙基二硫化物（HEDS）引入到水性聚氨酯（WPU）分子链中,并用含磷阻燃剂OP550进行阻燃改性,成功制备了兼具阻燃和自修复两种特殊功能的水性聚氨酯（OHWPU）,研究了阻燃剂OP550对本征型自修复水性聚氨酯的性能影响。结果表明,OP550含量为20%时制备的OHWPU（OHWPU-20%）极限氧指数达到29.0%,相比HWPU提高了7.4%;在80 ℃,修复时间为3 h的条件下,OHWPU-20%的拉伸强度为4.71 MPa,损伤后的自修复效率达到107.9%。