共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
2.
随着全球机动车柴油化的发展,柴油车尾气有效可控排放提上日程。柴油车尾气中的碳氢化合物是柴油车在贫燃烧条件下工作时产生的未完全燃烧的碳氢物质。这些烃类物质对健康和环境有害,导致大气污染、臭氧形成和粉尘生成。本文介绍了通过油质改进、机内装置性能优化技术来减少尾气的排放,但这种技术成本昂贵、改善能力有限,所以必须与机外净化后处理技术相结合。现阶段柴油车尾气主流后处理装置有柴油车颗粒过滤器和氧化性催化转换器,它们虽一定程度上减缓了尾气的排放,但过滤筒易堵塞,柴油车排气温度更低,催化剂在温度低的环境下能力不足,因此引进了低温等离子体协同催化净化技术来处理柴油车尾气中的HC。 相似文献
3.
本文介绍了柴油机尾气处理技术的2条主要技术路线,重点介绍了我国所采取的选择性催化还原技术(SCR)路线。介绍了柴油车尾气处理液及其关键质量指标,对国内柴油车尾气处理液行业的发展提出了建议。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
催化净化是利用催化技术对工艺物流、产品和尾气等进行杂质脱除或产品纯化的过程,是催化科学的重要分支。传统的催化净化技术经过近40年的发展,已臻于成熟,多数技术的研究和技术创新活跃度有所降低,相关产品也进入生命周期的末期,市场竞争激烈,利润下降。催化净化技术更有前景的研究和应用在环境保护领域,尤其是精细化需求的环保领域。催化净化技术未来的发展方向:适应新的更严格排放标准的燃油超深度和低成本精制技术;满足精细化需求的环保技术(如室内空气净化和实验室尾气净化等);同一技术解决不同问题(如用高级氧化技术对烟气同时脱硫和脱硝)或多种技术集成解决同一问题(如催化氧化与相转移技术结合进行柴油精制)。 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
《Fuel Processing Technology》1996,47(1):1-69
This paper reviews the emission control of particulates from diesel exhaust gases. The efficiency and exhaust emissions of diesel engines will be compared with those of otto engines (petrol engines). The formation of particulates (or “soot”), one of the main nuisances of diesel exhaust gases, will be briefly outlined. The effects of various emission components on human health and the environment will be described, and subsequently the emission standards for particulates and for NOx, which have been introduced worldwide, will be summarized. Possible measures for reducing exhaust emissions of particulates and NOx will be discussed, such as the use of alternative fuels, modifications to the engine and the use of aftertreatment devices. It will be made clear that aftertreatment devices may become necessary as diesel emission standards become more stringent, in spite of important progress in the other fields of reducing exhaust emissions. Selective catalytic reduction via hydrocarbons, ammonia or urea, a possible aftertreatment method for NOx emission control, will be discussed briefly. Filters for collecting particulates from diesel exhaust gases will be examined in more detail and aftertreatment control systems for particulate removal will be reviewed. These can be divided into (i) non-catalytic filter based systems which use burners and electric heaters to burn the soot once it has been collected on the filter; (ii) catalytic filter-based systems which consist of filters with a catalyst coating, or filters used in combination with catalytically active precursor compounds added to the diesel fuel; and (iii) catalytic non-filter-based systems in which gaseous hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and part of the hydrocarbon fraction of the particulates are oxidized in the exhaust gases. Finally, recent trends in diesel particulate emission control will be discussed, indicating the growing importance of the catalytic solutions: the fast introduction of non-filter-based catalysts for diesel engines and the possible application of filters in combination with catalytically active precursor compounds added to diesel fuel. 相似文献
15.
分析催化裂化柴油(LCO)加工路线及转化技术,提出催化裂化轻、重柴油分别抽出,轻柴油加氢精制后作为产品柴油;催化重柴油(HLCO)经加氢开环后,再经催化裂化反应,将部分柴油转化为汽油和液化气.通过中试实验确定了蜡油加氢原料蜡油掺炼不同比例HLCO,对蜡油加氢反应特性及产品性质的影响.工业生产运行结果表明,蜡油加氢原料掺... 相似文献
16.
柴油脱硫技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
柴油低硫化及其含硫标准的日趋严格,是世界各国柴油产品质量与标准的发展趋势。综述了目前柴油脱硫技术(非加氢脱硫技术、加氢脱硫技术)的研究进展,并对其前景进行了展望。 相似文献
17.
18.
催化裂化柴油硫含量高,芳烃含量高,十六烷值低,是较为劣质的柴油组分。通过加氢方法一般可以实现催化裂化柴油的大幅改质,但芳烃加氢饱和对提高中间馏分油的十六烷值有限。催化裂化柴油已成为限制企业柴油质量升级的关键。针对国内外车用柴油质量升级趋势,以劣质催化裂化柴油高值化和清洁化利用为出发点,综述劣质催化裂化柴油综合利用技术的研究进展,分析劣质催化裂化柴油加氢改质后调和柴油的劣势,重点介绍由劣质催化裂化柴油生产低碳芳烃或高辛烷值汽油的工艺技术,提出利用催化裂化柴油富含芳烃的特点,加氢后生产高辛烷值汽油或轻质芳烃是最具竞争力的加工路线。下一步的工作重点是进一步提高现有技术芳烃加氢饱和与侧链断裂选择性,提高低碳芳烃产率,减少低值副产物,使经济效益最大化。 相似文献