PMSG发电系统不平衡电网下网侧变流器控制研究

文章通过对电网不平衡情况下风力发电系统的分析,提出了以抑制负序不平衡电流为主要控制方法的网侧变流器控制策略。为维持不平衡下直流母线电压的稳定,提出电流微分前馈的控制方法,结合以上两点控制方法设计出电网不平衡下永磁直驱风力发电系统网侧变流器综合控制策略,该控制方法结构相对简单、有效,并具有一定的低电压穿越能力。最后在Matlab/Simulink下仿真验证了3 MW永磁直驱风机控制的有效性。     

基于二极管箝位三电平变流器2MW直驱式风电系统研究

将高压大功率的三电平变流技术应用到直驱风力发电系统中,变流器电路结构为背靠背二极管中点箝位式三电平结构。三电平变流器采用空间电压矢量脉宽调制技术;机侧变流器采用基于最大转矩电流比的双闭环控制方案,实现了最大功率追踪且发电机运行平稳;网侧采用电网电压定向的矢量控制,实现了有功功率和无功功率的解耦控制,保证了直流侧电压的恒定,而且使得变流器工作在单位功率因数状态。研究结果表明,基于二极管箝位三电平变流器的2 MW直驱式风电系统,既实现了最大风能追踪和有功、无功的动态控制,又保证了向电网馈入高质量的友好型电能。     

基于比例多谐振控制的直驱永磁风力发电系统谐波抑制研究

直驱永磁同步发电机受变流器开关频率限制及电网电压畸变的影响,并网电流常含有大量且难以消除的低频谐波。文章基于双PWM并网变流器建立永磁同步风力发电系统仿真模型;提出一种高性能比例多谐振电流环控制器以提高电流环的谐波抑制能力和改善跟踪控制性能,并对基于传统PI控制及比例多谐振控制的永磁风力发电系统进行了对比。仿真和实验结果验证了风力发电控制系统模型的正确性,以及比例多谐振控制器谐波抑制的优越性。     

电网故障下直驱永磁风力发电机组机侧变流器改进控制策略

文章对电网电压跌落时的直驱永磁同步风力发电机组的低电压穿越过程进行深入研究,在电网电压跌落时,通过分析发电机机侧变流器最大风能跟踪控制策略,提出一种补偿q轴电流参考值抑制直流母线电压的新方法,并加入弱磁控制,使发电机输出功率迅速有效降低,进而维持机侧与网侧变流器的功率平衡及母线电压稳定。电网持续故障且超出规定时间时,为风电机组增加了卸荷电路,保证机组安全退出运行。分析结果验证了所提方案的正确性和有效性。     

基于改进网侧控制策略的半直驱风电系统FFRT研究

目的  为改进半直驱风电系统的故障电压穿越（Flexible Fault Ride Through, FFRT）能力,提出采用电网故障时无功优先的改进网侧控制策略。 方法  在分析传统网侧控制策略的基础上,根据最新的故障电压穿越能力测试规程在传统网侧控制加入无功优先控制,在电网暂态故障期间优先向电网注入无功电流支撑电网电压恢复。根据改进网侧控制策略,对电网深度跌落和升高时采用卸荷电路结合改进网侧控制策略实现了风电机组的FFRT仿真运行,结合某项目6 MW半直驱风电机组,采用移动故障电压穿越测试设备进行故障电压现场测试。 结果  测试和仿真结果表明,改进网侧控制策略可提升半直驱风电系统的FFRT运行,无功电流稳定控制。 结论  改进网侧控制策略可在多种对称低电压/高电压故障工况和不对称高电压故障工况下优先向电网注入对应的稳定无功电流,有利于辅助电网电压恢复和提升半直驱风电系统的FFRT能力。     

电网电压不平衡时风电变流器网侧控制策略研究

近年来,风力发电对电网的适应性问题变得越来越尖锐,电网电压不平衡就是其中之一。文章提出一种电网电压不平衡时的网侧变流器控制方法。在常规变流器控制算法中,加入了负序电流抑制算法,在不影响常规风电变流器控制的前提下,达到了适应电网电压不平衡的目的,具有较强的现实意义。     

提高风力发电网侧变流器低电压运行能力的研究

风力发电机组中,当电网电压跌落时,网侧变流器同时受到来自网侧和负载侧两方面的扰动很容易发生直流母线电压不稳定的现象,会进一步影响系统的稳定和恢复能力.为了提高风力发电系统的低电压穿越能力,提出了利用变流器网侧和负载侧功率平衡关系动态改变电流前馈增益系数的方法,同时抵抗电网电压扰动和负载扰动.仿真验证了该方法的有效性,同...     

基于多新息随机梯度算法的网侧变流器参数辨识方法研究

永磁直驱风力发电机(D-PMSG)通过双PWM全功率变流器实现和电网的连接,但在其运行过程中,网侧变流器的参数变化会对其控制性能造成影响,精确辨识网侧变流器参数对于提升发电系统控制性能具有重要意义。文章基于网侧变流器在d-q轴的动态方程,构建了网侧变流器的回归模型,设计了网侧变流器电气参数的带收敛因子的多新息遗忘随机梯度辨识算法,实现网侧变流器的电气参数辨识,并通过仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。     

直驱永磁风力发电系统电网侧变换器的模糊功率控制

针对基于储能的并网永磁直驱风力发电系统的运行特点,提出了一种对电网侧变换器的模糊功率控制策略,当电网发生电压瞬时跌落时使电网侧变换器运行在模糊功率控制模式,依据电网电压跌落深度及风机输出功率大小通过模糊控制器来确定发出无功电流的大小,从而使风电系统能够适度地向电网提供一定的无功功率来支撑电网电压。仿真结果表明,所提出的控制策略正确、有效。     

应用双级矩阵变换器的永磁直驱风力发电系统集成控制策略

以基于TSMC的永磁直驱型风力发电系统为研究对象,建立TSMC并网逆变级的数学模型,提出TSMC直驱型风力发电系统的集成控制策略,将最大风能跟踪、输出功率调节、变速恒频控制通过网侧逆变级的集成控制实现,且无需进行稳定直流电压的功率平衡控制,系统控制复杂度降低。仿真结果验证了该控制策略的有效性。     

一种基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台的SVPWM逆变器控制算法

空间矢量脉宽调制法(SVPWM)比传统的正弦脉宽调制法(SPWM)具有较高的直流电压利用率以及较低的输出波形失真度。介绍了三相逆变器的SVPWM控制算法,建立了基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台的三相逆变器模型,并给出了基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台的SVPWM优化控制算法。通过建立一个控制系统来进行仿真和研究,给出了仿真线电压及相电压波形。仿真结果充分显示了SVPWM技术应用于大功率场合的优点。     

三相联网逆变器电流控制策略研究

通过MATLAB/SIMULINK建立了联网逆变器的3种控制策略(滞环控制、基于SPWM调制的电流控制和基于SVPWM调制的电流控制).通过对3种控制策略的4个方面(稳态响应、电网电压谐波影响、动态响应和直流电压)来仿真对比分析3种控制策略.仿真结果表明,基于SVPWM调制的电流控制在3相联网逆变器中应用优于滞环控制和基于SPWM调制的电流控制.     

The elimination of leakage currents in the neutral point clamped photovoltaic grid-connected inverter by the improved space vector pulse width modulation method

In this paper, the reason of high-frequency leakage current in neutral point clamped photovoltaic grid-connected inverters that adopts traditional modulations is analysed. In order to solve the problem, this article puts forward two improved methods based on the three-level space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), which can reduce the leakage current by applying three medium vectors or using only two medium vectors and one specific zero vector to compose the reference vector. In addition, the system control method adopts the coordination control of the current inner loop and the DC voltage outer loop, which can reduce voltage fluctuation at the DC side. Thereby, the suppression of leakage current can be realised without requiring any modification on the multilevel inverter. Compared with the traditional three-level sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) and SVPWM, the two new methods are advantageous in having a stable common-mode voltage, low leakage current, and low harmonic component of grid current. The theoretical analysis and results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.     

An optimized SVPWM switching strategy for three-level NPC VSI and a novel switching strategy for three-level two-quadrant chopper to stabilize the voltage of capacitors

Voltage source inverter (VSI) can produce single and three-phase (3P) AC voltages from a constant or variable DC voltage. There are many ways to control the VSI output voltage. Each control way produces some harmonics at the VSI output voltage. The space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) may be more effective than other modulation methods, e.g. harmonic injection, phase shifting, multi career pulse width modulation, in decreasing the low order harmonics (LOH). Different switching strategies (SSs) of power electronic devices in SVPWM have some specific advantages and disadvantages with regard to one another. In this paper, a comparative study between different SVPWM SSs is carried out by considering some objective functions such as total harmonic distortion (THD), power and switching losses, the ratio of the harmonic components to the fundamental component, distortion factor (DF). It is also shown that by selecting an optimized and appropriate SS for SVPWM, the harmonic orders, which are the multiples of the frequency index (FI), are eliminated. Then, to investigate the impact of variations of the capacitors voltage and switching frequency on power quality criteria, the most appropriate and optimized SS is applied to a 3P three-level (3L) neutral-point-clamped (NPC) VSI to supply a 3P load.     

塔式太阳能光热电站控制系统研究

  目的  旨在解决塔式太阳能光热电站控制领域的难点问题。  方法  首先基于太阳位置计算天文算法,发明了一种高精度,易于工程实现的定日镜跟踪控制算法;其次对定日镜场控制系统的主要控制技术进行了研究,包括系统架构、硬件与软件设计方案、基于图像处理的反馈测量方案;最后对电站的全厂控制系统进行了整体设计规划并提出了镜场控制系统与DCS主控系统之间的信号接口。  结果  可大幅度降低工程成本,缩短建设周期。  结论  研究成果体系完整、易于工程实现,可用较低的工程造价满足塔式光热电站控制精度的要求。     

基于虚拟磁链DPC的电压型整流器控制系统研究

对电压型PWM整流器(VSR)的直接功率控制(DPC)系统进行研究,针对采用虚拟磁链实现无电压传感器电压观测存在的模型预测误差问题,提出一种基于牛顿插值原理对模型观测电压进行修正的虚拟磁链模型预测直接功率控制策略,通过牛顿插值法修正电网电压估算值,同时引入内模反馈校正环节对模型预测相邻时刻瞬时功率所产生的误差进行修正,...     

Modernization of an automated controlling system for heliostat field of big solar furnace

This article presents the results of scientific–technical and engineering works on modernizing a big solar furnace (BSF) developed by the Institute of Materials Science, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, including works concerning the development of an automated control system for heliostats and the development of microprocessor local control systems for each individual heliostat that are managed by a mainframe computer with the relevant software, highly-precise sensors of the rotation angles of heliostat axes, and digital sun-tracking sensors. The system under consideration provides for a two-way command and data exchange between all local systems and the mainframe computer. This exchange will make it possible to perform the software control of the operation of each individual heliostat, including sun tracking based on a solar sensor, tracking based on mirror turning, and direct positioning, as well as to continuously monitor the heliostat field state, perform self-diagnostics, and maintain an automated heliostat field operation log. This article also describes works on modernizing mechanisms for heliostat rotation and motion control: the replacement of brush-type dc motors by more reliable asynchronous motors with inverters, installation of angular sensors, and reconstruction of rotation mechanisms.     

Multiphase space vector pulse width modulation

Pole-phase modulation adjusts the pole-phase ratio of an induction machine and requires a multileg, multiphase inverter. This paper analyzes an n-leg, n-phase inverter, and presents techniques for n-phase space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). In particular, nine-phase SVPWM is developed and implemented on a nine winding induction machine. The nine-phase SVPWM is compared to nine phase sine-triangle PWM in terms of DC bus utilization.     

Voltage stabilization of VSI SMES capacitors and voltage sag compensation by SMES using novel switching strategies

This paper presents a novel and optimized switching strategy and control approach for a three-level two-quadrant chopper in a three-level Neutral point clamped (NPC) voltage source inverter (VSI) superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). Using the proposed switching strategy, the voltage of the inverter capacitors in SMES can be independently controlled; also, the minimum power and switching losses – as well as the proper convection – can be achieved using this same strategy. The simulation results indicate that when combined with a proportional-integral (PI) control approach the proposed switching strategy can be easily implemented in the power networks and can balance and stabilize the multi-level inverters’ capacitor voltage level. The voltage variation of the capacitors in the steady state condition is less than (0.062%) which is 15 times better than the IEEE standard requirement (1%). To investigate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach in stabilizing capacitor voltage, SMES performance using the presented approach is compared with that of SMES when the capacitors of the three-level inverter are replaced with equal and ideal voltage sources. This comparison is carried out from the power-quality point of view and it is shown that the proposed switching strategy with a PI controller is highly reliable. Considering that the Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) is highly effective in decreasing low order harmonics (LOH), this article utilizes this type of modulation when it is combined with the most optimized switching strategy.     

Load mitigation and power tracking capability for wind turbines using linear matrix inequality‐based control design

This article deals with nonlinear model‐based control design for wind turbines. By systematically integrating several mechanical degrees of freedom in the control design model, the load mitigation potential from the proposed multivariable control framework is demonstrated. The application of the linear matrix inequality (LMI)‐based control design is discussed in detail. Apart from the commonly considered power production mode, an extended operating range to provide stabilization of the electrical grid through power tracking is considered. This control functionality allows for an evaluation of the resulting fatigue and ultimate loads for power tracking at different dynamic requirements. The results indicate that under the impact of a dedicated control scheme, this functionality is feasible with respect to the occurring loads and operational behavior of the wind turbine.