美国促进可再生能源发展的政策和实践--赴美考察调研报道

福建省可再生能源政策调研组一行4人，对美国促进可再生能源发展的政策和实践，包括政策支持与可再生能源发展相关性、可再生能源发电配额制(RPS)、购电法制度、可再生能源上网电价等方面进行较深入调查了解，并结合福建实际，对推动风电规模化发展的政策支持提出3条建议。     

国内可再生能源新闻

<正>综合类中美合作大规模可再生能源发电项目成果发布中国科学院、中国工程院、美国科学院、美国工程院联合开展的《中美合作大规模可再生能源发电》咨询项目成果发布会11月8日在京举行。报告对两国可再生能源资源禀赋、技术能力以及政策、经济性和市场规模等进行了详细的调研分析,同时对未来能源经济转型的必要性和意义,以及中美两国在这个领域合作的作用、模式和经验等进行了充分探讨。     

国家发展改革委员会发布了《可再生能源发电有关管理规定》

[本刊讯]为了贯彻落实《中华人民共和国可再生能源法》,规范可再生能源发电项目管理,促进我国可再生能源发电产业的更快发展,国家发展改革委员制定了《可再生能源发电有关管理规定》,于2006年1月5日以发改能源[2006]13号文发布并执行。《可再生能源发电有关管理规定》内有总则、项目管理、电网企业责任、发电企业责任和附则5章22条,规定了可再生能源发电的范畴包括:水力发电、风力发电、生物质发电(包括农林废弃物直接燃烧和气化发电、垃圾焚烧和垃圾填埋气发电、沼气发电)、太阳能发电、地热能发电以及海洋能发电等,还对可再生能源发电规划…     

崇明岛--未来可再生能源基地

简单介绍了崇明岛太阳能、风能、生物质能、波浪能等可再生能源的资源情况，目前崇明岛开发风力发电、光伏发电、沼气应用工程等可再生能源的发展现状，指出崇明岛丰富的可再生能源资源将在未来的生态岛建设中发挥重要的作用，崇明岛将成为未来可再生能源基地。     

中国台湾地区可再生能源政策推动现状及未来展望

中国台湾地区化石能源资源匮乏,现阶段98%左右的能源需求全部依赖进口,基于能源供应自主性与温室气体减排等原因,发展可再生能源、促进能源利用多元化成为其必然选择。台湾地区的可再生能源政策经过1998年至今的不断演进,在光伏发电、风力发电、生物质发电等方面取得了一定成效,形成较为完善的可再生能源电力固定电价机制。至2015年,陆域大型风电的固定价格买取费率已极具市场竞争力,光伏发电的费率未来亦可能与火力发电相当。但由于台湾地区自身环境与资源条件的限制,无法单独提供可再生能源产业发展足够的市场拉动力,而台湾当局行政效率欠佳,造成可再生能源政策体制欠完善,难以形成规模经济。同时还存在缺乏整合性政策立法与可持续发展目标、公私合作不足、可再生能源遭遇发展瓶颈等问题。如何构建可持续能源政策体系,减少可再生能源发展对当地经济、电力及消费者等方面的影响,成为台湾当局整体能源政策亟待解决的议题。     

可再生能源已成全球能源投资热点领域

<正>我国国家可再生能源中心2014年12月发布了《2014国际可再生能源发展报告》,概括了截至2013年底全球可再生能源产业总体发展概况,总结了全球35个国家和地区的可再生能源战略目标、政策措施和市场趋势。可再生能源已成为全球能源投资的热点领域。2013年,全球所有新增发电装机中,有56%来自可再生能源发电。风电和光伏发电等可再生能源发电已是全球增长最快的电源。可再生能源在全球范围内已实现规模化发展,是应对全球气候     

采取法律手段和优惠政策鼓励可再生能源发展

<正>可再生能源包括水能、风能、太阳能、生物质能、地热能和海洋能等,资源潜力大、分布地域广,其开发利用对环境污染很小,是最有利于人与自然协调发展的能源。在世界化石能源资源快速消耗,环境污染日益严重和气候变暖威胁逐渐增大的形势下,可再生能源的开发利用受到全世界高度重视,很多国家将开发利用可再生能源作为能源战略的重要组成部分,采取法律手段和优惠政策等措施鼓励可再生能源的发展。近年来,风电、太阳能发电等可再生能源发展迅速,年增长率达到25%以上,成为世界能源中增长最快的新领域。     

分布式光伏发电与能源可持续利用

为了应对世界不可再生能源资源日益匮乏的现状,可再生能源已经得到了长足的发展,而分布式光伏发电已成为当今世界最有希望的可再生能源资源之一。近期国务院能源局、国家发改委、国家财政部下发多个支持发展该项项目的文件,全国各地积极响应,已经出现不少成功案例。在对国内外分布式光伏发电发展历程调研的基础上,对发展分布式光伏发电提出一些建议。     

世界可再生能源支持政策变迁与趋势

可再生能源支持政策包括研发补贴、验证补贴、设备引入补助、售电补助等。本文以售电补助为对象,重点介绍了世界可再生能源支持政策的变迁与发展趋势。目前各国实施的可再生能源支持政策可分为可再生能源电力配额制(RPS)和固定价格制或上网电价补贴政策(FIT)。美国、英国、澳大利亚、韩国和日本等广泛采用RPS,德国为首的欧洲和最近的日本采用FIT。最终形成了以美国为首的RPS和以德国为首的FIP世界两大可再生能源支持政策体系。RPS强制规定,可再生能源发电在总发电量中所占比率,要求电网公司对其全额收购,对不能满足配额要求的责任人处以相应惩罚。价格、供应业者、供应条件等由市场决定。可再生能源证书(REC)制度,是基于RPS的政策工具,REC与RPS配套运行,形成低成本可再生能源电力顺序进入市场的机制。德国的FIT制度,发展演变最终形成FIP(奖励+市场价格)制度。FIP废弃了FIT发电量全量义务收购,并要求可再生能源发电业者直接进入市场销售,对补助水准的确定,则采用竞标委以市场价格发现功能。FIP要求发电业者适应市场供需,参与市场竞争,担负取决于其售电能力的事业合算性风险。同时政府规定奖励售电价格长期维持一定水平,为发电业者提供了长期稳定性。有关文件表明,我国也将实施配额制,推动可再生能源发展。     

省际可再生能源发电项目开发水平评价研究

为评估不同省域可再生能源发电项目的综合开发水平,基于全产业链视角,文章从可再生能源资源开发水平、可再生能源电力生产水平和可再生能源电力消纳水平三个维度,建立了区域可再生能源发电项目开发评价指标体系。根据最小信息鉴别原理,综合不同类型定性和定量赋权方法的优点,提出组合权重赋权法,构建了基于理想点法的区域可再生能源发电项目开发水平评价模型。将模型有效应用于东南沿海5省和"三北"地区5省区的数据分析,测评得出不同省份可再生能源发电项目开发总体表现和各项指标差异,用以科学确定各区域发展水平和特征,帮助优化区域可再生能源电力可持续发展。     

Review and use of the Algerian renewable energy for sustainable development

Given Algerian’s abundant solar, wind resources, biomass, geothermal, etc. represent a potential market for renewable energy technologies. This article presents a review and the use of renewable energy situation in Algeria. The analysis of the present renewable energy situation and future objective are also discussed.     

Renewable and sustainable energy use in Turkey: a review

Turkey is an energy importing nation with more than half of our energy requirements met by imported fuels. Air pollution is becoming a significant environmental concern in the country. In this regard, renewable energy resources are becoming attractive for sustainable energy development and environmental pollution mitigation in Turkey. Turkey's geographical location has several advantages for extensive use of most of these renewable energy sources. Because of this and our limited fossil fuel resources, a gradual shift from fossil fuels to renewables seems to be a serious alternative for Turkey's energy future. This article presents a review of the present energy situation and assesses sustainability, technical, and economical potential of renewable energy sources, and future policies for the energy sector in Turkey. Throughout the paper, problems relating to renewable energy sources, environment, and sustainable development are discussed for both current and future energy investments. The renewable energy potential of the country and its present status are evaluated.     

Renewable energy and sustainable development in Turkey

Achieving solutions to environmental problems that we face today requires long-term potential actions for sustainable development. In this regard, renewable energy resources appear to be the one of the most efficient and effective solutions. So clean, domestic and renewable energy is commonly accepted as the key for future life for Turkey. Turkey's geographical location has several advantages for extensive use of most of these renewable energy sources. Because of this and the fact that it has limited fossil fuel resources, a gradual shift from fossil fuels to renewables seems to be serious and the sole alternative for Turkey. This article presents a review of the present energy situation and sustainability, technical and economical potential of renewable energy sources and future policies for the energy sector in Turkey. Also, potential solutions to current environmental problems are identified along with renewable energy technologies. Throughout the paper several problems relating to renewable energy sources, environment and sustainable development are discussed from both current and future perspectives. The renewable energy potential of the country and their present use are evaluated here based on the available data. The present study shows that there is an important potential for renewables in Turkey.     

构建适应可再生能源资源特点的新型电力体系

从节能减排、重构能源供应体系出发,阐述了可再生能源在未来能源体系中的作用,分析了可再生能源发展面临的主要制约因素,提出构建适应可再生能源资源特点的新型电力系统主要措施,强调构建新型电力系统既要保障电力系统的安全可靠运行,又要充分发挥可再生新能源清洁环保的作用,推动能源体系由以石化能源为主向以可再生能源为主的转变。     

力促大规模非水可再生能源发展

综述了我国能源与电力可持续发展的现状和未来,着重阐述了风力发电、光伏发电、太阳能热发电等可再生能源发电发展的主要特点和问题,最后建议加快规划与部署建设以可再生能源为主体的综合能源基地,积极构建我国能源可持续发展体系。     

A review of renewable energy activities in Yemen

Republic of Yemen is a developing country depending on oil for the energy needs. A look at the availability of renewable energy resources shows that the country is endowed with considerable solar, wind, bio-gas energy resources. This paper presents a review of activities in the field of renewable energy applications in Yemen and future trends, some suggestions and recommendations for using this renewable energy resources are also drawn.     

Energy sector and wind energy potential in Turkey

Turkey has very limited indigenous energy resources and has to import around 65% of primary energy to meet her needs. It is a large importer of primary energy despite having ample renewable energy sources.Turkey’s vibrant economy has led to increased energy demand in recent years. This situation is expected to continue in the near future because its economy is dependent mainly on imported oil, natural gas and electricity.This paper presents the prevailing and the expected energy situation and energy demand. Wind energy potential in Turkey is also discussed.     

Potential of the renewable energy development in Jammu and Kashmir,India

The future economic growth for India is likely to result in rapid and accelerated surge in energy demand, with expected shortages in terms of supply. Many of its current policies and strategies are aimed at the improvement and possible maximization of energy production from the renewable sector. It is also clear that while energy conservation and energy efficiency can make an important contribution, renewable energies will be essential to the solution and are likely to play an increasingly important role for providing enhanced energy access, reducing consumption of fossil fuels, and helping India pursue its low-carbon progressive pathway. However, most of the states in India, like the northernmost state of Jammu and Kashmir, have experienced an energy crisis over a sustained period of time and the government both at center and state level has to embark upon with these pressing issues in a more sustainable manner and accordingly initiate various renewable energy projects within these states. This paper will provide a broad-spectrum view about the energy situation within Jammu and Kashmir and will highlight the current policies along with future strategies for the optimal utilization of renewable energy resources.     

A review of the potential of renewable energy sources for the State of Jammu and Kashmir (India)

The future economic development trajectory for India is likely to result in rapid and accelerated growth in energy demand, with expected shortages. Many of its current policies and strategies are aimed at the improvement and possible maximization of energy production from the renewable sector. It is also clear that while energy-conservation and energy-efficiency can make an important contribution in the national energy strategy, renewable energies will be essential to the solution and are likely to play an increasingly important role for the growth of grid power, providing energy access, reducing consumption of fossil fuels, and helping India pursue its low carbon progressive pathway. However, most of the states in India, like the northernmost State of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), have experienced an energy crisis over a sustained period of time. As India intends to be one of the emerging powers of the 21st century, it has to embark upon with these pressing issues in a more sustainable manner and accordingly initiate various renewable energy projects within these states. This paper will provide a broad-spectrum view about the energy situation within J&K and will highlight the current policies along with future strategies for the optimal utilization of renewable energy resources.     

Assessment of renewable energy resources potential in Oman and identification of barrier to their significant utilization

Oman relies on gas and oil resources fuels for almost all of its energy needs. Almost 99% of its power generation is based on natural gas. However, the country's natural gas supplies are currently largely committed, and it may become a net importer soon. Therefore, there is a need to look for alternative energy resources. This paper presents a review of the assessed potential of renewable resources and practical limitations to their considerable use in the perspective of present scenarios and future projections of the national energy for Oman. Solar and wind are likely to play an important role in the future energy in Oman provided that clear policies are established by the higher authority for using renewable energy resources. Rural Areas Electric Company has initiated solar and wind pilot projects in its concession area to confirm the performance and efficiency of renewable technologies in local conditions.